Abstract: A vanadium recovery approach utilizes oil fly ash (OFA), in contrast to coal fly ash, for separation and recovery of vanadium. OFA is first carbon burned to reduce the volume for recycling, and also to provide a fuel for other industrial processes. Following an almost 90% weight reduction from carbon burning, the remaining material includes about 18% vanadium. A salt roasting performed at the same temperature (about 650° C.) as the carbon burning allows use of the same oven or furnace, reducing heat requirements for the overall process. Salt roasting generates a water-soluble material from which a water leaching process yields a vanadium leach solution containing recovered vanadium, avoiding a need for caustic or volatile leaching agents. Ammonium metavanadate is precipitated from the vanadium leach solution through addition of ammonium sulfate, and a calcination process used to generate vanadium oxide (V2O5).

Abstract: A vanadium recovery approach utilizes oil fly ash (OFA), in contrast to coal fly ash, for separation and recovery of vanadium. OFA is first carbon burned to reduce the volume for recycling, and also to provide a fuel for other industrial processes. Following an almost 90% weight reduction from carbon burning, the remaining material includes about 18% vanadium. A salt roasting performed at the same temperature (about 650° C.) as the carbon burning allows use of the same oven or furnace, reducing heat requirements for the overall process. Salt roasting generates a water-soluble material from which a water leaching process yields a vanadium leach solution containing recovered vanadium, avoiding a need for caustic or volatile leaching agents. Ammonium metavanadate is precipitated from the vanadium leach solution through addition of ammonium sulfate, and a calcination process used to generate vanadium oxide (V2O5).

Abstract: A method of establishing an information network comprises the steps of obtaining first information generated by a computing apparatus, obtaining second information generated by the computing apparatus and configured to describe the first information, obtaining third information generated by the computing apparatus and configured to indicate a relationship between the first information and a user who owns the first information, and associating the second and third pieces of information with the received first information.