Abstract: This disclosure provides a workflow method and system associated with a paper-based sensor. Specifically, provided is a paper-based sensor workflow including printing of customized security sensing information and bio-reagents to produce a paper-based sensor, applying a test material, such as, but not limited to, blood, to the paper-based sensor, capturing an image of the paper-based sensor and performing a colorimetric process; and performing one or more analytics to produce results associated with the test material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a paper based diagnostic device including a portable biomedical diagnostic device comprising, paper, wax, and reagents. The biomedical diagnostic device can analyze biochemical assays in test fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. Diagnostic devices can include one or more of tracking information, personal identification information, security information, color calibration information, and environmental indicators. The security information can further include keys or codes identifying one or more unique characteristics. One aspect of the security information ensures that only predeterminable vendors are able to determine the results of a test from the diagnostic devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes a colorimetric method that couples sensor design with image processing to enable automated evaluation of test results obtained by paper-based sensors. The proposed method can match ink color and dye used in colorimetric reaction in terms of their absorption in spectral range (e.g., red, green, blue). A near-zero absorption channel can then be used to normalize absorption channels and construct a composite image.

Abstract: A method of forming hydrophobic structures in a hydrophilic print medium includes operating a plurality of inkjets to form an arrangement of hydrophobic material on first side of a print medium that moves in a process direction at a predetermined velocity. The method further includes moving the print medium through a convection heater at the predetermined velocity to enable the hydrophobic material to penetrate the print medium to form hydrophobic structures within the print medium.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side. The hydrophobic structure is formed from a wax or a phase change ink.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side. The hydrophobic material in the first hydrophobic structure occupies more than 50% of a void volume fraction of the hydrophilic substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes a design of a biomedical paper sensor which can determine the concentration of biological materials in fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. The sensor contains a plurality of axially radiating test zones, each test zone separated from other test zones by wax ink barriers formed by a process that produces thin walls. Each test zone can contain a unique test reagent, or a unique concentration of a test reagent, and can also be identified by printed text. The region of the device outside of the test zone area is printed with a uniform reference color. Benefits of the invention include increased accuracy in the measurement of the concentration of biological materials due to the larger test zone area. Benefits also include the integration of the reference or calibration color which simplifies the calibration needed for quantification of the concentration.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a paper based diagnostic device including a portable biomedical diagnostic device comprising, paper, wax, and reagents. The biomedical diagnostic device can analyze biochemical assays in test fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. Diagnostic devices can include one or more of tracking information, personal identification information, security information, color calibration information, and environmental indicators. The security information can further include keys or codes identifying one or more unique characteristics. One aspect of the security information ensures that only predeterminable vendors are able to determine the results of a test from the diagnostic devices.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side. The hydrophobic structure is formed from a wax or a phase change ink.

Abstract: An apparatus produces chemical assay devices from a hydrophilic substrate, hydrophobic materials, and a chemical reagent. The apparatus includes a first print zone that forms hydrophobic material in a predetermined arrangement on the hydrophilic substrate, a structure formation unit configured to enable the first layer of the hydrophobic material to penetrate the hydrophilic substrate.

Abstract: A method of forming hydrophobic structures in a hydrophilic print medium includes operating a plurality of inkjets to form an arrangement of hydrophobic material on first side of a print medium that moves in a process direction at a predetermined velocity. The method further includes moving the print medium through a convection heater at the predetermined velocity to enable the hydrophobic material to penetrate the print medium to form hydrophobic structures within the print medium.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side. The hydrophobic structure is formed from a wax or a phase change ink.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing a hydrophobic material in a substrate includes a first roller, second roller that engages the first roller to form a nip, a heater operatively connected to the first roller and configured to heat the first roller to a first temperature that is greater than a second temperature of the second roller, and a substrate transport configured to move a substrate through the nip at a predetermined velocity. The first roller engages a first side of the substrate and the second roller engages a second side of the substrate to enable the hydrophobic material to penetrate into the substrate.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side. The hydrophobic material in the first hydrophobic structure occupies more than 50% of a void volume fraction of the hydrophilic substrate.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side. The hydrophobic structure is formed from a wax or a phase change ink.

Abstract: A method of forming hydrophobic structures in a hydrophilic print medium includes operating a plurality of inkjets to form an arrangement of hydrophobic material on first side of a print medium that moves in a process direction at a predetermined velocity. The method further includes moving the print medium through a convection heater at the predetermined velocity to enable the hydrophobic material to penetrate the print medium to form hydrophobic structures within the print medium.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing a hydrophobic material in a hydrophilic substrate includes a first plate, a second plate, a heater operatively connected to the first plate and configured to heat the first plate to a first temperature that is greater than a second temperature of the second plate, and an actuator configured to move the first plate and second plate together with a hydrophilic substrate between the plates. The first plate and second plate form a temperature gradient to enable a hydrophobic material on one side of a hydrophilic substrate that faces the second plate to penetrate into the hydrophilic substrate towards the first plate.

Abstract: A chemical assay device includes a hydrophilic substrate and one or more hydrophobic structures that extend from a first side of the hydrophilic substrate to a second side of the hydrophilic substrate. A hydrophobic structure in the hydrophilic substrate forms a fluid barrier wall that extends from the first side of the hydrophilic substrate to the second side of the hydrophilic substrate with a deviation of less than 20° from a perpendicular axis between the first side and the second side.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a workflow method and system associated with a paper-based sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes a design of a biomedical paper sensor which can determine the concentration of biological materials in fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. The sensor contains a plurality of axially radiating test zones, each test zone separated from other test zones by wax ink barriers formed by a process that produces thin walls. Each test zone can contain a unique test reagent, or a unique concentration of a test reagent, and can also be identified by printed text. The region of the device outside of the test zone area is printed with a uniform reference color. Benefits of the invention include increased accuracy in the measurement of the concentration of biological materials due to the larger test zone area. Benefits also include the integration of the reference or calibration color which simplifies the calibration needed for quantification of the concentration.