Abstract: Specified phenylalanine derivatives and analogues thereof have an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin.

Abstract: Specified phenylalanine derivatives and analogues thereof have an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin.

Abstract: An oxygen electrode used in the fuel cell and includes a plurality of carbon particles, a carbon thin-film, and surface nanostructure. The carbon particles are bonded to one another with the carbon thin-film, and the surface nanostructure is formed on the surface of the carbon thin-film. The surface nanostructure comprises catalyst nanoparticles made of platinum (Pt) and carbon nanoparticles. According to this combination of these elements, the catalyst nanoparticles are confined within three-dimensional structure to be formed by the carbon nanoparticles and are immobilized without losing space which allows any reactant to be accessed to the surface of the catalyst nanoparticles.

Abstract: Specific phenylalanine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic effect on the ? 4 integrins and, therefore, are usable as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for diseases in which ? 4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed to realize, in a fuel cell with an oxygen electrode (a catalytic electrode), both catalytic function and immobilization of the catalyst nanoparticles when the catalyst nanoparticles are very small nanoparticles in the size of 1-3 nm. Oxygen electrode used in the fuel cell according to the present invention is an oxygen electrode comprising a plurality of carbon particles, a carbon thin-film, and surface nanostructure, wherein the carbon particles are bonded to one another with the carbon thin-film 2, the surface nanostructure is formed on the surface of the carbon thin-film, the surface nanostructure comprises catalyst nanoparticles made of platinum (Pt) and carbon nanoparticles, diameter of each of the carbon particles is 30 nm or more and 100 nm or less, diameter of the catalyst nanoparticle is 1.7 nm or more and 3.1 nm or less, and diameter of the carbon nanoparticle is 1.0 nm or more and 11.2 nm or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water photolysis system comprising: a casing 1 into which incident sunlight L can enter from the outside and a photolytic layer 5 which is disposed inside the casing 1; wherein the photolytic layer 5 has a light-transmissive porous material 51 and photocatalyst particles 52 supported thereon; a water layer 4 containing water in its liquid state is disposed below the photolytic layer 5 with a first space 6 disposed between the water layer and the photolytic layer; a sealed second space 7 is formed above the photolytic layer 5 in the casing 1; vapor generated from the water layer 4 is introduced into the photolytic layer 5 via the first space 6; and the vapor is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen by the photocatalyst particles 52, which are excited by the sunlight L.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an oxygen reduction electrode having excellent oxygen reduction properties (oxygen reduction catalyst abilities). The present invention encompasses: (1) A method for manufacturing a nanostructured manganese oxide having a dendritic structure formed from an agglomeration of primary particles, wherein the method comprises the steps of: removing components from a target plate that comprises one or more kinds of manganese oxides by irradiating the target plate with laser light in an atmosphere comprising a mixed gas of inert gas and oxygen gas, the content of the oxygen gas in the mixed gas being no less than 0.05% but no more than 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrochemical electrode wherein transition metal (nickel) nanoparticles are used to form an active layer having a large surface area without using a conductive support while maintaining dispersibility and stability, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: Specific phenylalanine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic effect on the ?4 integrins and, therefore, are usable as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for diseases in which ?4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection.

Abstract: In fabricating a monochromic and highly coherent light source, no single crystalline bulk semiconductor is used, but two different kinds of transparent substances are alternately stacked over each other to constitute a periodic structure in ½ of the intended wavelength. At least one of the two kinds of transparent substances is controllable in electric conductivity, and the structure is such that inside a medium consisting of this kind of transparent substance light-emitting semiconductor particulates are embedded. Accordingly, a light-emitting device has this structure, which makes possible control of the center wavelength of light emission, the width of wavelength distribution and coherence by adjusting the geometrical parameters of the device without having to alter the kind of material use.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic cell that demonstrates a superior photoelectric conversion function. The present invention relates to a photovoltaic cell comprising a semiconductor electrode, an electrolyte and a counter electrode, wherein (1) the semiconductor electrode contains an oxide semiconductor layer having photocatalytic activity, (2) the oxide semiconductor layer contains secondary particles in which primary particles comprising a metal oxide are aggregated, (3) the average particle diameter of the primary particles is from 1 nm to 50 nm, and the average particle diameter of the secondary particles is from 100 nm to 10 ?m, and (4) the photovoltaic cell generates electromotive force by radiating light of a wavelength substantially equal to the average particle diameter of the secondary particles onto the semiconductor electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a manganese oxide nanoparticle dispersed material having steps of dissolving manganese nitrate in a polyamide acid solution (Step 1); forming a coating on the surface of the substrate using the polyamide acid solution containing manganese nitrate dissolved therein (Step 2); and carbonizing the polyamide acid and depositing manganese oxide nanoparticles by subjecting the coating to a heat treatment at a temperature not less than 600° C. but not more than 1200° C. (Step 3).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an oxygen reduction electrode which provides four-electron reduction reaction with high selectivity in the reaction of reducing oxygen. The present invention involves a method of manufacturing an electrode for reducing oxygen used for four-electron reduction of oxygen, having (1) a first step wherein a charcoal-based material is obtained by carbonization of a starting material comprising a nitrogen-containing synthetic polymer, and (2) a second step wherein the electrode for reducing oxygen is manufactured using an electrode material comprising the charcoal-based material.

Abstract: Specific phenylalanine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic effect on the ? 4 integrins and, therefore, are usable as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for diseases in which ? 4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel benzene compounds presented by the following formulas, and analogs thereof, that exert an ACC activity-inhibiting effect that is effective in the treatment of obesity, hyperlipemia, fatty liver, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, diabetic complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic macroangiopathy, hypertension, arteriosclerosis), hypertension, and arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: Conventional porous carbon materials obtained by carbonizing an organic gel were prone to shrinkage during their manufacture, in the course of which the density rose and the specific surface area decreased. Another problem was that density and specific surface area were difficult to control after an organic gel had already been formed. In the present invention, a carbon material with a large specific surface area is formed by forming a composite porous material having a reticulated skeleton and composed of a dry gel of an inorganic oxide, and taking advantage of the reaction of this dry gel of an inorganic oxide as a structural support. In one method, a carbon material is formed in this reticulated skeleton in a state in which the characteristics of a dry gel of an inorganic oxide with a large specific surface area are maintained.

Abstract: Fabrication of a quantum dot functional structure having ultra-fine particles homogeneously distributed in a transparent medium includes depositing such particles having a single particle diameter and uniform structure onto a substrate with the transparent medium.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an oxygen reduction electrode having excellent oxygen reduction catalysis ability. In a method of manufacturing a manganese oxide nanostructure having excellent oxygen reduction catalysis ability and composed of secondary particles which are aggregations of primary particles of manganese oxide, a target plate made of manganese oxide is irradiated with laser light to desorb the component substance of the target plate, and the desorbed substance is deposited on a substrate facing substantially parallel to the aforementioned target plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a manganese oxide nanoparticle dispersed material having steps of dissolving manganese nitrate in a polyamide acid solution (Step 1); forming a coating on the surface of the substrate using the polyamide acid solution containing manganese nitrate dissolved therein (Step 2); and carbonizing the polyamide acid and depositing manganese oxide nanoparticles by subjecting the coating to a heat treatment at a temperature not less than 600° C. but not more than 1200° C. (Step 3).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a porous body containing an oxide semiconductor in which more efficient photocatalytic reactions and photoelectrode reactions occur. The present invention relates to a porous body having a network structure skeleton wherein 1) the aforementioned skeleton is composed of an inner part and a surface part, 2) the aforementioned inner part is substantially made of carbon material, and 3) all or part of the aforementioned surface part is an oxide semiconductor, and to a manufacturing method therefor.