Abstract: The toner contains binder resin-containing toner particles and silica fine particle S1, wherein the weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0-15.0 ?m, both inclusive, peaks originating with the silica fine particle S1 are observed in 29 Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle S1, and, in the spectrum obtained by 29Si CP/MAS NMR or 29Si DD/MAS NMR, the peak area of a peak corresponding to the D1 unit structure in the silica fine particle S1, the peak area of a peak corresponding to the D2 unit structure in the silica fine particle S1, and the peak area of a peak corresponding to the Q unit structure in the silica fine particle S1 satisfy a prescribed relationship.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle and a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein: a weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 ?m; the silica fine particle A comprises a silicone oil and a carbon loss ratio when the silica fine particle A is washed with hexane is 5 to 70%; and an area of each peak obtained in a solid-state CP/MAS 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A and of the silica fine particle A after washing thereof with hexane is in a specific range.

Abstract: A toner which has a toner particle and silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein a weight average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 ?m, a carbon loss ratio when the silica fine particle A is washed with hexane is 5 to 70%, and a temperature at which a differential coefficient of a nine-point moving average of integrated values integrated from 35° C. reaches 4000 or more for an intensity of an obtained ion having a mass number (M/z) of 207 is 270° C. or higher, when mass spectrometry is carried out at a sampling interval of 0.4 seconds while heating the silica fine particle A under specific conditions.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle and a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein: a weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 ?m; the silica fine particle A is a treated silica fine particle having been surface-treated; and areas of each peak which is obtained by a solid-state DD/MAS 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A and the silica fine particle A after washing thereof with hexane is in a specific range, and a full width at half maximum of the peak which is obtained by a solid-state DD/MAS 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A is in a specific range.

Abstract: To provide a terminal with which user can pay safely using communication network, the terminal has a browser for communicating with World Wide Web and a message viewer for communicating with a private network. The browser includes means for ordering goods from a host computer connected to World Wide Web, means for receiving a bill for the goods from World Wide Web, and means for transmitting the bill to the message viewer. The message viewer includes means for paying the bill through the private network.

Abstract: An information providing system, which transmits a passive image such as an advertisement while providing a requested image. The passive image and the requested image, for example, information from the Internet 9, are transmitted from the information provider 4 to the terminal 1 and displayed separately on the display 8. The whole passive image is displayed in the front of the display 8.

Abstract: To provide a terminal with which a user can safely make payments using a communication network. The terminal has a browser for communicating with the World Wide Web or other public computer network and a message viewer for communicating with a private network. The browser allows for ordering goods from a host computer connected to the World Wide Web, for receiving a bill for the goods from the World Wide Web, and for transmitting the bill to the message viewer. The message viewer allows for paying the bill through the private network.

Abstract: In the communication network for distributing messages such as advertisements to terminal users, an information providing system provides the suitable information to each user. The system includes a terminal connected to a communications network, a user database for storing the characteristics of each user, a message database for storing messages, and a transmittal condition database for storing the user characteristics of the class of suitable recipients for each message. A message searcher searches for messages from the transmittal condition database based on the characteristics read out from the user database. A reader reads the retrieved messages from the message database and a transmitter transmits the messages to the terminal. An adder increases the value of a parameter associated with each user when the transmitted message is displayed on the terminal. A detector detects whether the user is active, and a stop means prevents the value of the parameter from being increased when the user is inactive.

Abstract: A message searching and system and a terminal, which display messages to terminal users based on their individual characteristics profile, even when a plurality of users use the same terminal and even when users copy and use the same program. The system includes a message user database for storing records defining user characteristics profiles of terminal users, and a transmittal condition database for storing searching conditions for each message which may be transmitted to the terminal. This system detects a necessity to revise the user characteristics when communicating with the terminal, and revises the user characteristics if necessary. This system reads user characteristics from the message user database, and searches for appropriate messages from the transmittal condition database based on the user characteristics and characteristics associated with each message identifier. The message user database stores each user's birth date and the last system communication date.

Abstract: In the communication network for distributing messages such as advertisements to terminal users, an information providing system provides the suitable information to each user. The system includes a terminal connected to a communications network, a user database for storing the characteristics of each user, a message database for storing messages, and a transmittal condition database for storing the user characteristics of the class of suitable recipients for each message. A message searcher searches for messages from the transmittal condition database based on the characteristics read out from the user database. A reader reads the retrieved messages from the message database and a transmitter transmits the messages to the terminal. An adder increases the value of a parameter associated with each user when the transmitted message is displayed on the terminal. A detector detects whether the user is active, and a stop means prevents the value of the parameter from being increased when the user is inactive.

Abstract: A control system for executing task instructions, comprising a higher-order module for making an inquiry as to whether or not a task instruction can be executed, and a lower-order module for determining whether or not the task instruction can be executed, in response to the inquiry made by the higher-order module, the higher-order module including a task instruction decomposition section for decomposing the task instruction into a sequence of task instructions executable by the lower-order module, when the task instruction is inexecutable by the lower-order module, and further including a task instruction allocation section for allocating an executable task instruction to the lower-order module.

Abstract: An information provider and a searcher provide messages appropriate to a particular user of a terminal regardless of the sites of the World Wide Web the user accesses. The information provider establishes a physical communication line to the terminal. A first logical link is established on the physical communication line for forwarding a first image from the World Wide Web to the terminal. User identification is received from the terminal, and forwarded to a searcher storing user information and the transmittal conditions of a second message, through a second communication line. An second image appropriate for the particular user is searched for by a searcher from a message database based on the user information and the transmittal conditions, and transmitted to the terminal through a second logical link also established on the first communication line.