Abstract: A particulate water retaining material for cultivating plant comprising (A) a carboxyl group-containing water-insoluble water absorbent resin and (B) a polyvalent metal compound, by having the compound (B) deposited on the rerin (A), it is made possible to possess an outstanding water absorbing property without impairing the growth of a plant.

Abstract: A memory apparatus having a cache memory including cache segments, and memorizing validity data indicative of whether or not each of the sectors contained in each cache segment is a valid sector inclusive of valid data; and a cache controlling component for controlling access to the cache memory. The cache controlling component includes a detecting component for detecting, when writing a cache segment back to the main memory, areas having consecutive invalid sectors by accessing validity data corresponding to the cache segment, and a write-back controlling component issuing a read command to the main memory, the read command being for reading data into each area detected, making the area a valid sector, and writing the data in the cache segment back to the main memory.

Abstract: A memory apparatus having a cache memory including cache segments, and memorizing validity data indicative of whether or not each of the sectors contained in each cache segment is a valid sector inclusive of valid data; and a cache controlling component for controlling access to the cache memory. The cache controlling component includes a detecting component for detecting, when writing a cache segment back to the main memory, areas having consecutive invalid sectors by accessing validity data corresponding to the cache segment, and a write-back controlling component issuing a read command to the main memory, the read command being for reading data into each area detected, making the area a valid sector, and writing the data in the cache segment back to the main memory.

Abstract: A memory apparatus having a cache memory including cache segments, and memorizing validity data indicative of whether or not each of the sectors contained in each cache segment is a valid sector inclusive of valid data; and a cache controlling component for controlling access to the cache memory. The cache controlling component includes a detecting component for detecting, when writing a cache segment back to the main memory, areas having consecutive invalid sectors by accessing validity data corresponding to the cache segment, and a write-back controlling component issuing a read command to the main memory, the read command being for reading data into each area detected, making the area a valid sector, and writing the data in the cache segment back to the main memory.

Abstract: To ensure efficient access to a memory whose writing process is slow. There is provided a storage device for caching data read from a main memory and data to be written in the main memory, comprises a cache memory having a plurality of cache segments, one or more cache segments holding data matching with data in the main memory being set in a protected state to protect the cache segments from a rewrite state, an upper limit of a number of the one or more cache segments being a predetermined reference number; and a cache controller that, in accordance with a write cache miss, allocates a cache segment selected from those cache segments which are not in the protected state to cache write data and writes the write data in the selected cache segment.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a novel water-absorbing agent, which exhibits an excellent absorption capacity under a load (AAP), gel layer liquid permeation rate under a load (FRUP), saline flow conductivity (SFC), and shape-maintaining property and ball burst strength (BBS) of a swollen water-absorbing agent aggregate, and excellent persistency of these effects for a long time. The water-absorbing agent, which comprises a polymer obtained by a process including the steps of polymerizing and then crosslinking a monomer including acrylic acid and/or a salt thereof, with the water-absorbing agent being characterized by: (1) exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g/g (GV), a gel deformation of not more than 12.5 cm under a short-time load (0.5 hrPT), and a gel deformation deterioration of not more than 3.

Abstract: To improve the efficiency of access to a system memory associated with changes (writes) to cache data, a cache line having the same memory size as write data is selected and the write data is written into the selected cache line, thereby reducing the number of accesses to the system memory to cache data from the system memory associated with partial replacement of cache lines. Further, valid data at an address contiguous with the address of the write data is combined with the write data, and written into a cache line having the same size as the combined data, thereby reducing the number of accesses to the system memory to flush data from the cache associated with writes to the cache.

Abstract: A memory apparatus that exclusive ORs, for validity data having an array of logical values indicative of whether the sectors are valid, each bit of the validity data with the next bit, masks a bit string having an array of the exclusive ORs except the first bit of bits whose logical values are true in a preset detection range, detects the position of a bit whose logical value is true in the masked bit string, and every time the bit position is detected, executes the process of setting the bit position adjacent to the end with respect to the bit position as the detection range and repeats it until no bit position is detected, calculates the address of the main memory corresponding to each area of consecutive invalid sectors according to the bit position detected in sequence, issues a read command to the calculated address, and writes back the cache segment.

Abstract: A memory apparatus having a cache memory including cache segments, and memorizing validity data indicative of whether or not each of the sectors contained in each cache segment is a valid sector inclusive of valid data; and a cache controlling component for controlling access to the cache memory. The cache controlling component includes a detecting component for detecting, when writing a cache segment back to the main memory, areas having consecutive invalid sectors by accessing validity data corresponding to the cache segment, and a write-back controlling component issuing a read command to the main memory, the read command being for reading data into each area detected, making the area a valid sector, and writing the data in the cache segment back to the main memory.

Abstract: To ensure efficient access to a memory whose writing process is slow. There is provided a storage device for caching data read from a main memory and data to be written in the main memory, comprises a cache memory having a plurality of cache segments, one or more cache segments holding data matching with data in the main memory being set in a protected state to protect the cache segments from a rewrite state, an upper limit of a number of the one or more cache segments being a predetermined reference number; and a cache controller that, in accordance with a write cache miss, allocates a cache segment selected from those cache segments which are not in the protected state to cache write data and writes the write data in the selected cache segment.

Abstract: A memory system including a bus 10, 11, a memory 17, a memory controller 16, a first device 13 having a cache, and a second device 15, all connected to the bus, wherein the memory controller includes a buffer 20 for temporarily storing cache data and write data that the second device writes in the memory. The buffer of the memory controller temporarily stores cached data and the write data to be written on write access to the memory by the second device, which enables maintenance of data coherency while avoiding a write access retry by the second device.

Abstract: A memory system including a bus 10, 11, a memory 17, a memory controller 16, a first device 13 having a cache, and a second device 15, all connected to the bus, wherein the memory controller includes a buffer 20 for temporarily storing cache data and write data that the second device writes in the memory. The buffer of the memory controller temporarily stores cached data and the write data to be written on write access to the memory by the second device, which enables maintenance of data coherency while avoiding a write access retry by the second device.

Abstract: A method for the production of a water-absorbent agent comprises mixing an absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with the carboxyl group. A water-absorbent agent obtained by adding from 0.005 to 8 parts by weight of an epoxy compound to 100 parts by weight of a water-absorbent resin, exhibiting an absorption capacity without load of at least 45 (g/g), an absorption capacity under load of 20 g/cm2 of not less than 30 (ml/g) and having a residue amount of an epoxy compound of not more than 2 ppm. A water-absorbent composition comprises a polyamino acid (salt) and a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group.

Abstract: A particulate water retaining material for cultivating plant comprising (A) a carboxyl group-containing water-insoluble water absorbent resin and (B) a polyvalent metal compound, by having the compound (B) deposited on the the rerin (A), it is made possible to possess an outstanding water absorbing property without impairing the growth of a plant.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a novel water-absorbing agent, which exhibits an excellent absorption capacity under a load (AAP), gel layer liquid permeation rate under a load (FRUP), saline flow conductivity (SFC), and shape-maintaining property and ball burst strength (BBS) of a swollen water-absorbing agent aggregate, and excellent persistency of these effects for a long time. The water-absorbing agent, which comprises a polymer obtained by a process including the steps of polymerizing and then crosslinking a monomer including acrylic acid and/or a salt thereof, with the water-absorbing agent being characterized by: (1) exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g/g (GV), a gel deformation of not more than 12.5 cm under a short-time load (0.5 hrPT), and a gel deformation deterioration of not more than 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a novel water-absorbing agent, which exhibits an excellent absorption capacity under a load (AAP), gel layer liquid permeation rate under a load (FRUP), saline flow conductivity (SFC), and shape-maintaining property and ball burst strength (BBS) of a swollen water-absorbing agent aggregate, and excellent persistency of these effects for a long time. The water-absorbing agent, which comprises a polymer obtained by a process including the steps of polymerizing and then crosslinking a monomer including acrylic acid and/or a salt thereof, with the water-absorbing agent being characterized by: (1) exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g/g (GV), a gel deformation of not more than 12.5 cm under a short-time load (0.5 hrPT), and a gel deformation deterioration of not more than 3.

Abstract: To improve the efficiency of access to a system memory associated with changes (writes) to cache data, a cache line having the same memory size as write data is selected and the write data is written into the selected cache line, thereby reducing the number of accesses to the system memory to cache data from the system memory associated with partial replacement of cache lines. Further, valid data at an address contiguous with the address of the write data is combined with the write data, and written into a cache line having the same size as the combined data, thereby reducing the number of accesses to the system memory to flush data from the cache associated with writes to the cache.

Abstract: A method for the production of a water-absorbent agent comprises mixing an absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with the carboxyl group. A water-absorbent agent obtained by adding from 0.005 to 8 parts by weight of an epoxy compound to 100 parts by weight of a water-absorbent resin, exhibiting an absorption capacity without load of at least 45 (g/g), an absorption capacity under load of 20 g/cm2 of not less than 30 (ml/g) and having a residue amount of an epoxy compound of not more than 2 ppm. A water-absorbent composition comprises a polyamino acid (salt) and a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group.

Abstract: A method for the production of a water-absorbent agent comprises mixing an absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with the carboxyl group. A water-absorbent agent obtained by adding from 0.005 to 8 parts by weight of an epoxy compound to 100 parts by weight of a water-absorbent resin, exhibiting an absorption capacity without load of at least 45 (g/g), an absorption capacity under load of 20 g/cm2 of not less than 30 (ml/g) and having a residue amount of an epoxy compound of not more than 2 ppm. A water-absorbent composition comprises a polyamino acid (salt) and a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group.