Abstract: A cleaning component that cleans an image holding section having a high-hardness surface layer, the cleaning component including: a plate-shaped cleaning member coming into contact with a surface of the image holding section, in which a portion of the cleaning member coming into contact with the surface of the image holding section has 100% modulus equal to or more than 7 Mpa and rebound resilience equal to or less than 30%, as physical properties.

Abstract: A cleaning component that cleans an image holding section having a high-hardness surface layer, the cleaning component including: a plate-shaped cleaning member coming into contact with a surface of the image holding section, in which a portion of the cleaning member coming into contact with the surface of the image holding section has 100% modulus equal to or more than 7 Mpa and rebound resilience equal to or less than 30%, as physical properties.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a first peel-off unit whose end portion is in contact with the image carrier and that peels off a recording medium from the image carrier, and a second peel-off unit whose end portion is not in contact with the image carrier and that peels off a recording medium from the image carrier. The second peel-off unit is disposed in such a way that the end portion thereof is located at a position that is the same as or upstream of a position of the end portion of the first peel-off unit in a rotation direction of the image carrier, and the second peel-off unit is movable so that the end portion thereof moves away from the image carrier.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrying unit that carries an image to be transferred to a sheet which is brought into contact with the image carrying unit and passed through; a separation unit that separates the sheet from the image carrying unit; and a removal unit that comes into contact with the image carrying unit, and removes toner remaining after the sheet passes through the separation unit. A non-transferred toner image that is not transferred to the sheet is formed in a range, where the separation unit is not present, of the image carrying unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrying unit that carries an image to be transferred to a sheet which is brought into contact with the image carrying unit and passed through; a separation unit that separates the sheet from the image carrying unit; and a removal unit that comes into contact with the image carrying unit, and removes toner remaining after the sheet passes through the separation unit. A non-transferred toner image that is not transferred to the sheet is formed in a range, where the separation unit is not present, of the image carrying unit.

Abstract: A peeling device includes a peeling member and a cover member. The peeling member peels a recording medium, to which an unfixed developer has been transferred from an image holding member, from the image holding member. The leading end of the peeling member contacts the image holding member. The cover member covers a surface of the peeling member with a gap interposed between the peeling member and the cover member. The surface of the peeling member includes at least the leading end of the peeling member, and includes at least a surface of the peeling member on the side opposite to the image holding member.

Abstract: A peeling device includes a peeling member and a cover member. The peeling member peels a recording medium, to which an unfixed developer has been transferred from an image holding member, from the image holding member. The leading end of the peeling member contacts the image holding member. The cover member covers a surface of the peeling member with a gap interposed between the peeling member and the cover member. The surface of the peeling member includes at least the leading end of the peeling member, and includes at least a surface of the peeling member on the side opposite to the image holding member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a first peel-off unit whose end portion is in contact with the image carrier and that peels off a recording medium from the image carrier, and a second peel-off unit whose end portion is not in contact with the image carrier and that peels off a recording medium from the image carrier. The second peel-off unit is disposed in such a way that the end portion thereof is located at a position that is the same as or upstream of a position of the end portion of the first peel-off unit in a rotation direction of the image carrier, and the second peel-off unit is movable so that the end portion thereof moves away from the image carrier.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner-image holding unit that transports a toner image to a transfer position, a sheet-guide unit that guides a sheet to the transfer position, and a transfer unit that transfers the unfixed toner image onto the sheet at the transfer position. The sheet-guide unit includes a projecting portion including a pair of end guide portions that project further toward the transfer position than an end edge does and that are arranged on opposite sides of a central guide portion in a width direction and the central guide portion that is disposed at the center position between the end guide portions in the width direction and that projects toward the transfer position while an amount of projection thereof decreases from its apex, which is closer to the transfer position than the end edge is, toward its opposite ends in the width direction.

Abstract: Provided is a simulation system capable of improving productivity in a construction site.

Abstract: A cleaning member includes a base member comprised of a first material that has a peak temperature of tan ? less than approximately zero degrees Celsius and a contact portion comprised of a second material that has a higher hardness than the first material and a tear strength of approximately 49 kilonewtons per meter or higher, the contact portion contacting an image carrier and cleaning the image carrier.

Abstract: A cleaning blade includes a polyurethane member that constitutes at least a contact portion that comes in contact with a member to be cleaned. The polyurethane member contains a polyurethane containing a hard segment component and a soft segment component. The hard segment component has a domain particle size of about 45 nm or more and about 100 nm or less.

Abstract: A machining control device controls spindle rotational speed. A set of stability limit curve data is stored indicating a relation between a spindle rotational speed and a limit cutting-in amount whereby chatter vibrations are inhibited. Spindle rotational speed and tool cutting-in amount in starting machining are set based on the data. Vibrations of the spindle are detected during cutting. Whether chatter vibrations have occurred is determined based on vibrations detection. Spindle rotational speed is controlled with reference to the data to inhibit chatter vibrations. Cutting-in amount in starting machining is set to be less than a maximum cutting-in amount within a stable region of the data, and spindle rotational speed in starting machining is set to be less than a rotational speed when the cutting-in amount is maximum within the stable region. Spindle rotational speed is increased by an amount of a predetermined rotational speed when chatter vibrations have occurred.

Abstract: A cleaning blade includes a polyurethane member that constitutes at least a contact portion that comes in contact with a member to be cleaned. The polyurethane member contains a polyurethane containing a hard segment component and a soft segment component. The hard segment component has a domain particle size of about 45 nm or more and about 100 nm or less.

Abstract: A cutting resistance analysis device is adapted to calculate cutting resistance at a plurality of machining points along a path of movement of a multi-blade rotary cutting tool in cutting and machining of a workpiece using the multi-blade rotary cutting tool. The cutting resistance analysis device includes a data storage section, a cutting resistance calculating section, a contact blade count calculating section and a per-blade cutting resistance calculating section. The contact blade count calculating section is configured to calculate a number of blades of the multi-blade rotary cutting tool that are simultaneously in contact with a machining face of the workpiece. The per-blade cutting resistance calculating section is configured to calculate the cutting resistance per blade of the multi-blade rotary cutting tool based on the amount of cutting resistance and a calculation result of the contact blade count calculating section.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cleaning blade of which a contact portion brought into contact with at least a member to be cleaned is formed of a polyurethane member that includes a polyurethane material containing a hard segment and a soft segment and has a ratio of an area occupied by a hard segment aggregate having a diameter of 0.3 ?m to 0.7 ?m in a cross section being in a range of 2% to 10%.

Abstract: A cleaning member includes a base member comprised of a first material that has a peak temperature of tan ? less than approximately zero degrees Celsius and a contact portion comprised of a second material that has a higher hardness than the first material and a tear strength of approximately 49 kilonewtons per meter or higher, the contact portion contacting an image carrier and cleaning the image carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cleaning blade of which a contact portion brought into contact with at least a member to be cleaned is formed of a polyurethane member that includes a polyurethane material containing a hard segment and a soft segment and has a ratio of an area occupied by a hard segment aggregate having a diameter of 0.3 ?m to 0.7 ?m in a cross section being in a range of 2% to 10%.

Abstract: A cleaning member includes a body and an edge. The body has rubber hardness of about 68 to 75 degrees and is fixed to a support member at one end of the body. The body has a plate-like shape in which a corner portion of the body is missing. The edge is provided at the corner portion and fits into it. The edge is in contact with a subject to be cleaned and has a thickness of about 0.1 to 1 mm. The cleaning member satisfies the following conditions: 80?y?90; y??40x+95; and y??40x+110 where x denotes a ratio of a length of the edge in a predetermined direction to a length of a portion of the body which is not fixed to the support member in the predetermined direction, and y denotes rubber hardness of the edge.

Abstract: A cleaning blade includes a portion which comes in contact with a member to be cleaned, and the portion is configured of a member containing polyurethane rubber having a structure derived from polyester polyol in which a first diol component having 10 or more carbon atoms and a second diol component having 5 or less carbon atoms are condensed with dicarboxylic acid at a molar ratio (first diol component/second diol component) of 50/50 to 80/20, a structure derived from polyisocyanate, and a structure derived from a triol.