Abstract: An absolute encoder preferable in being made compact is provided. The absolute encoder includes a first drive gear, a first permanent magnet, a first angle sensor, and a first driven gear of a central axis that is perpendicular to a central axis of the first drive gear, the first driven gear engaging with the first drive gear. The absolute encoder includes a second drive gear coaxially provided with the first driven gear, the second drive gear being configured to rotate in accordance with rotation of the first driven gear. The absolute encoder includes a second driven gear of which a central axis is perpendicular to the central axis of the first driven gear, the second driven gear engaging with the second drive gear. The absolute encoder includes a second permanent magnet provided on a top end side of the second driven gear.

Abstract: A light source module is switchable between a high beam and a low beam, and is mounted on a vehicle. A first light source is arranged such that its output light is irradiated to a low-beam region by a first optical system. A second light source is arranged such that its output light is irradiated to a high-beam region by a second optical system. A lighting circuit supplies a driving current to the first light source in response to a turn-on instruction for either the high beam or the low beam. Furthermore, the lighting circuit supplies the output current to the second light source in response to a turn-on instruction for the high beam.

Abstract: A light source module is switchable between a high beam and a low beam, and is mounted on a vehicle. A first light source is arranged such that its output light is irradiated to a low-beam region by a first optical system. A second light source is arranged such that its output light is irradiated to a high-beam region by a second optical system. A lighting circuit supplies a driving current to the first light source in response to a turn-on instruction for either the high beam or the low beam. Furthermore, the lighting circuit supplies the output current to the second light source in response to a turn-on instruction for the high beam.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp has a lamp housing, a lamp unit having a light source and disposed in a lamp chamber formed as an internal space of the lamp housing, and a controller configured to output a drive current that drives a light emission of the light source. The controller has a temperature detector. The controller is configured to control a current amount of the drive current on the basis of a detection result of the temperature detector. The controller is disposed above the light source.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a first semiconductor light emitting device, a second semiconductor light emitting device and a heat sink having a device mounting portion on which the first semiconductor light emitting device and the second semiconductor light emitting device are mounted. The heat sink is formed so as to define a lamp compartment which the first semiconductor light emitting device and the second semiconductor light emitting device face and a space which is defined outside the lamp compartment. The device mounting portion has a first device disposing surface and a second device disposing surface on which the first semiconductor light emitting device and the second semiconductor light emitting device are disposed, respectively, and a recess portion which defines a space which is opened towards the space defined outside the lamp compartment.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp has a lamp housing, a lamp unit having a light source and disposed in a lamp chamber formed as an internal space of the lamp housing, and a controller configured to output a drive current that drives a light emission of the light source. The controller has a temperature detector. The controller is configured to control a current amount of the drive current on the basis of a detection result of the temperature detector. The controller is disposed above the light source.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a first semiconductor light emitting device, a second semiconductor light emitting device and a heat sink having a device mounting portion on which the first semiconductor light emitting device and the second semiconductor light emitting device are mounted. The heat sink is formed so as to define a lamp compartment which the first semiconductor light emitting device and the second semiconductor light emitting device face and a space which is defined outside the lamp compartment. The device mounting portion has a first device disposing surface and a second device disposing surface on which the first semiconductor light emitting device and the second semiconductor light emitting device are disposed, respectively, and a recess portion which defines a space which is opened towards the space defined outside the lamp compartment.

Abstract: An image forming method is provided to attain a higher security for preventing forgery and falsification of information by using an optical diffraction structure. In a body (10) whereupon a layer is to be transferred, printing information (2) is recorded. On the body (10), a layer (20d) including a hologram and a diffraction lattice provided on an optical diffraction structure transfer sheet (20) is transferred, and an image including recorded printing information (2) and optical diffraction structures (3, 4, 5) is formed. The layer (20d) including the optical diffraction structure is transferred so that the diffraction lattice (5) to be transferred forms diffraction lattice information (5) showing a prescribed regularity in a corresponding relationship between the printing information (2).

Abstract: An image forming method is provided to attain a higher security for preventing forgery and falsification of information by using an optical diffraction structure. In a body (10) whereupon a layer is to be transferred, printing information (2) is recorded. On the body (10), a layer (20d) including a hologram and a diffraction lattice provided on an optical diffraction structure transfer sheet (20) is transferred, and an image including recorded printing structures (3, 4, 5) is formed. The layer (20d) including the optical diffraction structure is transferred so that the diffraction lattice (5) to be transferred forms diffraction lattice information (5) showing a prescribed regularity in a corresponding relationship between the printing information (2).

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity on an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: An architecture providing a human interface includes a user input device, a studio or workplace receiving an output of the user input device, the studio being capable of storing and sharing information, and a plurality of agents or functional modules connected to supply/receive data from the studio. The agents are connected in parallel and perform processing as distributed and cooperative processing of functions by the user. The agents are independent components having independent functions performing processing on data in the studio to receive and store items of information, respectively, from and to the studio as a shared information medium, the studio being accessible to the user and to the plurality of agents. Each of the plurality of agents can be independently started depending upon a status of the studio.

Abstract: A reflector for a vehicular headlamp in which glare formed by light reflected from a stepped part at the boundary of the adjacent segments constituting a reflector is reduced. Of the distribution control segmental areas on the reflecting surface, a first reflecting area consisting of an aggregation of hyperbolic paraboloid segments forms a pattern widely diffused in the horizontal direction. Second reflecting areas each consisting of elliptic paraboloid segments form a pattern contributing to the formation of the luminous-intensity center of a distribution pattern. A third reflecting area consisting of an aggregation of paraboloid-of-revolution segments forms a pattern contributing to the formation of a cut line tilted a given angle with respect to the horizontal line in the distribution pattern of a passing beam. The focal distance of the reference surface for the paraboloid-of-revolution surface changes for each segment.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.