Abstract: A storage apparatus for controlling a storage unit includes a cache memory for temporarily storing data to be stored in the storage unit, and a processor for executing a process including receiving unit data which is divided from data to be migrated, calculating first checksum data from the received unit data, storing the unit data and the first checksum data to the cache memory, reading out the stored unit data and the first checksum data from the cache memory, calculating second checksum data from the read out unit data, storing the unit data to the storage unit, and determining whether data migration has been performed properly by comparing the first checksum data to the second checksum data.

Abstract: A management apparatus that performs initialization of a storage region of a storage medium is described. The management unit includes a first storage area that stores a first information representing an initialization status of the storage region of the storage medium, a second storage area that stores a second information representing an initialization progress status of the storage region of the storage medium, an initializing unit that performs initialization of the storage medium based on the second information, and a storage processing unit that updates the first information based on the second information which reflects the initialization progress status.

Abstract: In a conductive ball mounting apparatus for mounting one conductive ball on each of a plurality of pads which are provided on a substrate and on which an adhesive is formed, the conductive ball mounting apparatus includes: a conductive ball container for containing a plurality of conductive balls therein and having an opening to pass through the plurality of conductive balls; a substrate holder disposed over the conductive ball container to face the opening, and holding the substrate in such a manner that the plurality of conductive balls and the plurality of pads face each other and the substrate is disposed over the conductive ball container with a space therebetween; and a conductive ball supplying unit for supplying the plurality of conductive balls to the plurality of pads via the opening by moving up the plurality of conductive balls.

Abstract: A storage apparatus for controlling a storage unit includes a cache memory for temporarily storing data to be stored in the storage unit, and a processor for executing a process including receiving unit data which is divided from data to be migrated, calculating first checksum data from the received unit data, storing the unit data and the first checksum data to the cache memory, reading out the stored unit data and the first checksum data from the cache memory, calculating second checksum data from the read out unit data, storing the unit data to the storage unit, and determining whether data migration has been performed properly by comparing the first checksum data to the second checksum data.

Abstract: In a conductive ball mounting apparatus for mounting one conductive ball on each of a plurality of pads which are provided on a substrate and on which an adhesive is formed, the conductive ball mounting apparatus includes: a conductive ball container for containing a plurality of conductive balls therein and having an opening to pass through the plurality of conductive balls; a substrate holder disposed over the conductive ball container to face the opening, and holding the substrate in such a manner that the plurality of conductive balls and the plurality of pads face each other and the substrate is disposed over the conductive ball container with a space therebetween; and a conductive ball supplying unit for supplying the plurality of conductive balls to the plurality of pads via the opening by moving up the plurality of conductive balls.

Abstract: In a conductive ball mounting apparatus for mounting one conductive ball on each of a plurality of pads which are provided on a substrate and on which an adhesive is formed, the conductive ball mounting apparatus includes: a conductive ball container for containing a plurality of conductive balls therein and having an opening to pass through the plurality of conductive balls; a substrate holder disposed over the conductive ball container to face the opening, and holding the substrate in such a manner that the plurality of conductive balls and the plurality of pads face each other and the substrate is disposed over the conductive ball container with a space therebetween; and a conductive ball supplying unit for supplying the plurality of conductive balls to the plurality of pads via the opening by moving up the plurality of conductive balls.

Abstract: In a conductive ball mounting apparatus for mounting one conductive ball on each of a plurality of pads which are provided on a substrate and on which an adhesive is formed, the conductive ball mounting apparatus includes: a conductive ball container for containing a plurality of conductive balls therein and having an opening to pass through the plurality of conductive balls; a substrate holder disposed over the conductive ball container to face the opening, and holding the substrate in such a manner that the plurality of conductive balls and the plurality of pads face each other and the substrate is disposed over the conductive ball container with a space therebetween; and a conductive ball supplying unit for supplying the plurality of conductive balls to the plurality of pads via the opening by moving up the plurality of conductive balls.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and a system for selling content capable of ensuring a fair profit of a copyrighter of a creation in content. More specifically, this invention provides a method and a system for selling content for judging whether an user terminal has purchase information of each creation in content including one or two creations or more or not and for calculating forwarding charge of the content based on whether the user terminal has purchase information of each creation in the content or not, in forwarding the content to the user terminal. The method and system for selling content enable to circulate the creation itself in the content as the object of dealing and to gain profit directly from the user of content. Therefore, the copyrighter can gain the fair profit without being influenced by the achievement of the content including the creation. This is also to encourage the creative urge of the creator and to improve the creative level of the creator.

Abstract: A system and method for distributing digital content is capable of preventing illegal use of digital content and leak of user information. A creator terminal 110 forwards content, copyright information and conditions for quotation to a content distribution server 120. A user terminal 130 forwards an application for using the content to the content distribution server 120. The content distribution server 120 embeds copyright information in the content to which the user terminal 130 has forwarded the application for using the content and the user information is embedded in the content to which the user terminal 130 has forwarded the application for using the content. The relation among a content size Sq which is permitted to be quoted according to conditions for quotation, a content size Sc in which the copyright information is embedded and a content size Su in which the user information is embedded is expressed by Sc<Sq<Su.

Abstract: This invention provides a system and method for distributing digital content capable of preventing illegal use of digital content and leak of user information. More specifically, this invention provides a system and method for distributing digital content comprising steps in which a creator terminal 110 forwards content, copyright information and conditions for quotation to a content distribution server 120 (step S101 and S103), a step in which an user terminal 130 forwards an application for using the content to the content distribution server 120 (S109), a step in which the content distribution server 120 embeds the copyright information in the content to which the user terminal 130 has forwarded the application for using the content (S110) and a step in which the user information is embedded in the content to which the user terminal 130 has forwarded the application for using the content (S111).

Abstract: This invention provides a method and a system for selling content capable of ensuring a fair profit of a copyrighter of a creation in content. More specifically, this invention provides a method and a system for selling content for judging whether an user terminal has purchase information of each creation in content including one or two creations or more or not and for calculating forwarding charge of the content based on whether the user terminal has purchase information of each creation in the content or not, in forwarding the content to the user terminal. The method and system for selling content enable to circulate the creation itself in the content as the object of dealing and to gain profit directly from the user of content. Therefore, the copyrighter can gain the fair profit without being influenced by the achievement of the content including the creation. This is also to encourage the creative urge of the creator and to improve the creative level of the creator.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for papermaking which comprises forming a sheet in the presence of a neutral sizing agent and optionally a filler using as a paper quality improver a cationic polymer which is prepared by copolymerizing an acrylamide compound of the formula:CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sub.1)CONH.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or methyl group, and an inorganic or organic acid salt of a diallylamine compound of the formula:?CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sub.2)CH.sub.2 !.sub.2 N--R.sub.3wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sub.3 is hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in the presence or absence of a vinyl monomer copolymerizable with said acrylamide compound and/or said diallylamine compound salt.When the above paper quality improver is used, the yield per each additive particularly in case of neutral or alkaline papermaking is excellent and hence the sizing properties are sufficiently given, and there can be obtained a paper having sufficiently improved paper strength.

Abstract: A shield tunnel boring machine having a parallel link excavator includes excess excavating cutters joined to the excavator and divided into a plurality of steps. The excess excavating cutters of the respective steps are coupled to separate corresponding jacks that are actuatable and controlled independently of each other for allowing the position of the machine to be effectively controlled to be able to quickly correct any undesired change in direction of the tunnel boring operation.

Abstract: A current transformer detects a ground fault current and outputs a secondary current signal to heat a filament disposed in an airtight flash lamp upon the occurrence of a ground fault. With heating of the filament, an ignition material is ignited in the lamp and causes weakening of the glass bulb of the lamp. A moving member pressing against the lamp shatters the weakened lamp and is displaced, thus releasing an indicator to project from a holder to a ground fault indicating position.

Abstract: An underground excavator includes a chamber defined in the forward section of an excavator body for receiving excavated material such as soil, sand, gravel, clay and their mixtures. A rotary cutter is mounted to the forward end of a rotary shaft for penetrating through the chamber for axial rotation and simultaneous rocking in an axial direction. The cutter has a conical cutter face plate having holes for passing the excavated material of a diameter smaller than an opening disposed in the chamber. Any gravel or the like present in the advancing route to the underground excavator and smaller than the holes of the cutter is received into the chamber to be discharged from the excavator. Any gravel larger than the holes or the like not receivable into the chamber is moved quickly along the conical cutter face plate toward peripheral ground layer by being subjected to the rocking motion of the conical cutter face plate simultaneously with the rotation of the cutter during advancement of the excavator.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a cationic polymer is disclosed, which is obtained by reacting an ethylene copolymer comprising from 40 to 80% by weight of ethylene and from 20 to 60% by weight of at least one aminoalkyl acrylamide comonomer represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of from 2 to 4, and having a melt index, as measured in accordance with JIS K-6760, of from 10 to 1,000 g/10 min with hydrochloric acid in water to form a quaternary salt and subsequently reacting the resulting quaternary salt with an epihalohydrin compound through addition reaction. The aqueous dispersion provides a coating film having an improved electrical conductivity or produces effects to simultaneously improve degree of sizing and wet strength of paper.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a cationic polymer is disclosed, which is obtained by reacting an ethylene copolymer comprising from 40 to 80% by weight of ethylene and from 20 to 60% by weight of at least one aminoalkyl acrylamide comonomer represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of from 2 to 4,and having a melt index, as measured in accordance with JIS K-6760, of from 10 to 1,000 g/10 min with hydrochloric acid in water to form a quaternary salt and subsequently reacting the resulting quaternary salt with an epihalohydrin compound through addition reaction. The aqueous dispersion provides a coating film having an improved electrical conductivity or produces effects to simultaneously improve degree of sizing and wet strength of paper.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a cationic polymer is disclosed, which is obtained by reacting an ethylene copolymer comprising from 40 to 80% by weight of ethylene and from 20 to 60% by weight of at least one aminoalkyl acrylamide comonomer represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of from 2 to 4, and having a melt index, as measured in accordance with JIS K-6760, of from 10 to 1,000 g/10 min with hydrochloric acid in water to form a quaternary salt and subsequently reacting the resulting quaternary salt with an epihalohydrin compound through addition reaction. The aqueous dispersion provides a coating film having an improved electrical conductivity or produces effects to simultaneously improve degree of sizing and wet strength of paper.

Abstract: A caisson sinking method comprises the steps of excavating the ground to make a support ditch having the same plan-view shape as a caisson to be sunk, casting into the excavated ditch a bearing material that can carry the caisson as supported in the ditch but collapses easily by itself, placing entire tapered bottom edge of the caisson on the bearing material cast in the support ditch as aligned therewith, and sequentially removing the bearing material immediately below the bottom edge of the caisson, the caisson being thereby smoothly sunk down to a caisson sinking position without any tilting of the caisson.

Abstract: A shield tunnel boring machine having at its boring head a pressure-resisting mud kneading chamber defined by a bulkhead, wherein the bulkhead is divided into outer peripheral and central bulkhead parts. The outer peripheral bulkhead part is fixed to the inner periphery of a cylindrical shield. The central bulkhead part is made rotatable in association with a head-positioned rotary cutter as driven by a main motor. The sealing means required for the bulkhead is limited to seal one for a gap between the fixed outer peripheral bulkhead part and the rotatable central bulkhead part and the number of necessary related parts can be remarkably reduced.