Abstract: The use of specific active substances, alone or in combination, for controlling virus infections in plants and a method for using said specific active substances for controlling said virus infections in the field of plant protection and the protection of materials are disclosed.

Abstract: The use of specific active substances, alone or in combination, for controlling virus infections in plants and a method for using said specific active substances for controlling said virus infections in the field of plant protection and the protection of materials are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of specific active substances, alone or in combination, for controlling virus infections in plants and to a method for using said specific active substances for controlling said virus infections in the field of plant protection and the protection of materials.

Abstract: The use of specific active substances, alone or in combination, for controlling virus infections in plants and a method for using said specific active substances for controlling said virus infections in the field of plant protection and the protection of materials are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of specific active substances, alone or in combination, for controlling virus infections in plants and to a method for using said specific active substances for controlling said virus infections in the field of plant protection and the protection of materials.

Abstract: Disclosed are a variety of methods for achieving enhanced expression from a target nucleotide sequence in a plant e.g. comprising the step of transiently introducing into a tissue of a plant (e.g. a leaf) a first nucleic acid comprising the target nucleotide sequence and a second nucleic acid encoding a Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) suppressor protein (preferably of viral or plant origin), wherein the first and second nucleic acids are comprised within a single binary vector, construct, or the first and second nucleic acid sequences are comprised within a first binary vector and a second binary vector construct respectively. The plant tissue may then be harvested for the protein. Such methods can give much higher levels of gene expression than are obtainable using stable transgenes, or certain replicating vectors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the delivery rates and/or efficiency of a siRNA, miRNA or related molecule to target organs or cells, a kit and the use of proteins or lipids involved in the formation of the endolysosomal system for modulating the activity and/or the cell-to-cell transfer of RNA, small RNA, for example miRNA, siRNA and piRNA, mRNA or non-coding RNA. It finds many applications in particular in methods for identifying the target(s) of miRNA or siRNA therapeutics, in methods for determining the efficiency of a treatment with siRNA and/or miRNA therapeutics, in methods for determining the efficiency of a treatment with siRNA and/or miRNA therapeutics, and in methods for genotyping and/or characterizing the condition of a person, a tumor or a fetus.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of nucleic acid miRNA derived molecules for producing a drug for treating a myelogenous leukemia and to a method for identifying therapeutic agents or the efficient combination thereof for inducing the differentiation of myelogenous leukemia cells.

Abstract: Disclosed are a variety of methods for achieving enhanced expression from a target nucleotide sequence in a plant e.g. comprising the step of transiently introducing into a tissue of a plant (e.g. a leaf) a first nucleic acid comprising the target nucleotide sequence and a second nucleic acid encoding a Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) suppressor protein (preferably of viral or plant origin), wherein the first and second nucleic acids are comprised within a single binary vector, construct, or the first and second nucleic acid sequences are comprised within a first binary vector and a second binary vector construct respectively. The plant tissue may then be harvested for the protein. Such methods can give much higher levels of gene expression than are obtainable using stable transgenes, or certain replicating vectors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a variety of methods for achieving enhanced expression from a target nucleotide sequence in a plant e.g. comprising the step of transiently introducing into a tissue of a plant (e.g. a leaf) a first nucleic acid comprising the target nucleotide sequence and a second nucleic acid encoding a Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) suppressor protein (preferably of viral or plant origin), wherein the first and second nucleic acids are comprised within a single binary vector construct, or the first and second nucleic acid sequences are comprised within a first binary vector and a second binary vector construct respectively. The plant tissue may then be harvested for the protein. Such methods can give much higher levels of gene expression than are obtainable using stable transgenes, or certain replicating vectors.

Abstract: Provided are methods of silencing a target gene in an organism, which methods comprises the steps of: (a) providing a recombinant DNA construct including an expression cassette comprising: (i) a promoter, operably linked to, (ii) a chimeric nucleotide sequence encoding all or part of the target gene and a transgene, (b) transforming the organism with said DNA construct such that the expression cassette is inserted into the genome, and (c) initiating post transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) of said transgene in said organism, whereby initiation of PTGS of the transgene causes silencing of the target gene in the organism. The methods are based on a phenomenon termed “spreading” whereby PTGS of the transgene can be used to spread in trans to silence, for example, endogenous target genes in the same genetic background as the chimeric gene to give consistent, maintained, silencing thereof. Also provided are related materials (e.g. recombinant constructs) and uses and methods based on these.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for silencing a target nucleotide sequence (preferably representing one or more endogenous genes, preferably in a systemic fashion) which is present in a first part of the plant, which method comprises transiently introducing into the cytoplasm of a cell in a second part of the plant, which cell comprises a nucleic acid encoding the target sequence and which is remote from said first part of the plant, a nucleic acid construct.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for silencing a target nucleotide sequence (preferably representing one or more endogenous genes, preferably in a systemic fashion) which is present in a first part of the plant, which method comprises transiently introducing into the cytoplasm of a cell in a second part of the plant, which cell comprises a nucleic acid encoding the target sequence and which is remote from said first part of the plant, a nucleic acid construct.