Abstract: Described is a server monitoring technology that is scalable to large numbers of servers, e.g., in a datacenter. Agents on servers run queries to monitor data sources for that server, such as performance counters and other events. The agents monitor their resource usage and those of monitored events to stay within an administrator-specified resource budget (policy), e.g., by modifying the running queries and/or monitoring parameters. A controller receives results of the monitoring, analyzes the results, and takes action as needed with respect to server operation and monitoring. The controller may dynamically update an agent's queries, monitoring parameters and/or monitored data post-processing operations. The controller may issue alerts and reports, including alerts indicative of inter-server problems between two or more servers.

Abstract: Described is a server monitoring technology that is scalable to large numbers of servers, e.g., in a datacenter. Agents on servers run queries to monitor data sources for that server, such as performance counters and other events. The agents monitor their resource usage and those of monitored events to stay within an administrator-specified resource budget (policy), e.g., by modifying the running queries and/or monitoring parameters. A controller receives results of the monitoring, analyzes the results, and takes action as needed with respect to server operation and monitoring. The controller may dynamically update an agent's queries, monitoring parameters and/or monitored data post-processing operations. The controller may issue alerts and reports, including alerts indicative of inter-server problems between two or more servers.

Abstract: Described is a server monitoring technology that is scalable to large numbers of servers, e.g., in a datacenter. Agents on servers run queries to monitor data sources for that server, such as performance counters and other events. The agents monitor their resource usage and those of monitored events to stay within an administrator-specified resource budget (policy), e.g., by modifying the running queries and/or monitoring parameters. A controller receives results of the monitoring, analyzes the results, and takes action as needed with respect to server operation and monitoring. The controller may dynamically update an agent's queries, monitoring parameters and/or monitored data post-processing operations. The controller may issue alerts and reports, including alerts indicative of inter-server problems between two or more servers.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling communication between a virtualized network and non-virtualized entities using a virtualization gateway. A packet is sent by a virtual machine in the virtualized network to a non-virtualized entity. The packet is routed by the host of the virtual machine to a provider address of the virtualization gateway. The gateway translates the provider address of the gateway to a destination address of the non-virtualized entity and sends the packet to the non-virtualized entity. The non-virtualized entity may be a physical resource, such as a physical server or a storage device. The physical resource may be dedicated to one customer or may be shared among customers.

Abstract: This patent application relates to an agile network architecture that can be employed in data centers, among others. One implementation provides a virtual layer-2 network connecting machines of a layer-3 infrastructure.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling communication between a virtualized network and non-virtualized entities using a virtualization gateway. A packet is sent by a virtual machine in the virtualized network to a non-virtualized entity. The packet is routed by the host of the virtual machine to a provider address of the virtualization gateway. The gateway translates the provider address of the gateway to a destination address of the non-virtualized entity and sends the packet to the non-virtualized entity. The non-virtualized entity may be a physical resource, such as a physical server or a storage device. The physical resource may be dedicated to one customer or may be shared among customers.

Abstract: Described is a server monitoring technology that is scalable to large numbers of servers, e.g., in a datacenter. Agents on servers run queries to monitor data sources for that server, such as performance counters and other events. The agents monitor their resource usage and those of monitored events to stay within an administrator-specified resource budget (policy), e.g., by modifying the running queries and/or monitoring parameters. A controller receives results of the monitoring, analyzes the results, and takes action as needed with respect to server operation and monitoring. The controller may dynamically update an agent's queries, monitoring parameters and/or monitored data post-processing operations. The controller may issue alerts and reports, including alerts indicative of inter-server problems between two or more servers.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling communication between a virtualized network and non-virtualized entities using a virtualization gateway. A packet is sent by a virtual machine in the virtualized network to a non-virtualized entity. The packet is routed by the host of the virtual machine to a provider address of the virtualization gateway. The gateway translates the provider address of the gateway to a destination address of the non-virtualized entity and sends the packet to the non-virtualized entity. The non-virtualized entity may be a physical resource, such as a physical server or a storage device. The physical resource may be dedicated to one customer or may be shared among customers.

Abstract: Described is a server monitoring technology that is scalable to large numbers of servers, e.g., in a datacenter. Agents on servers run queries to monitor data sources for that server, such as performance counters and other events. The agents monitor their resource usage and those of monitored events to stay within an administrator-specified resource budget (policy), e.g., by modifying the running queries and/or monitoring parameters. A controller receives results of the monitoring, analyzes the results, and takes action as needed with respect to server operation and monitoring. The controller may dynamically update an agent's queries, monitoring parameters and/or monitored data post-processing operations. The controller may issue alerts and reports, including alerts indicative of inter-server problems between two or more servers.

Abstract: A central NAT manager efficiently allocates ports to endpoints of a tenant application in a hosting environment for NAT purposes. In some instances, the central NAT manager may pre-allocate ports to endpoints as part of the initial configuration of the tenant application. The pre-allocation process may include persisting pre-allocated port state information in storage and configuring endpoints and a NAT device with the pre-allocated port state information. Additional ports may be dynamically allocated to endpoints during runtime using dynamically determined port allocation sizes. In other instances, the central NAT manager may reserve ports for endpoints during the initial configuration of the tenant application by assigning ports to endpoints and persisting port assignment information to storage. During runtime, endpoints may issue port allocation requests to the central NAT manager, which may allocate ports to the endpoints from the range of ports initially reserved for each endpoint.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for congestion control in computer networks achieve high burst tolerance, low latency and high throughput with shallow-buffered switches. A method for controlling congestion includes transmitting a set of data packets on a network connection from a first computing device to a second computing device, identifying each data packet in the set of data packets that experienced congestion on the network connection, sending, by the second computing device to the first computing device, a sequence of bits that represents the number of data packets in the set of data packets that were identified as having experienced congestion, and adjusting a rate of transmitting data packets on the network connection based on the sequence of bits sent to the first computing device.

Abstract: A method of networking a plurality of servers together within a data center is disclosed. The method includes the step of addressing a data packet for delivery to a destination server by providing the destination server address as a flat address. The method further includes the steps of obtaining routing information required to route the packet to the destination server. This routing information may be obtained from a directory service servicing the plurality of servers. Once the routing information is obtained, the data packet may be routed to the destination server according to the flat address of the destination server and routing information obtained from the directory service.

Abstract: A method of enabling an electronic privately addressable source to be publicly addressable starts at a receiver where an electronic message is received. It is communicated from a sender with a private address outside a subnet of the receiver through a translator. The translator retrieves a lease to at least one of a public address or a port from a lease manager, translates the private address and the private port into a public address and a public port and communicates identifying data such as the public address and the public port to the receiver. If a response is communicated to the private sender, the response may be communicated to the private sender through the network. The public address and the public port on the message may be translated to the private address and the port of the private sender and the private address and the private port may be used to properly route the response to the private sender.

Abstract: Systems and methods that facilitate inter-process networking are described that can provide inter-process communication, firewall restrictions, process and host mobility, as well as parallelization of task performance. In various embodiments, a computer process can be provided with its own internet protocol address and network stack to facilitate inter-process networking. In further embodiments, a gateway process can facilitate process mobility, host mobility, and parallelization of task performance, as well as management of a host area network by facilitating inter-process communication between suitably configured processes.

Abstract: A central NAT manager efficiently allocates ports to endpoints of a tenant application in a hosting environment for NAT purposes. In some instances, the central NAT manager may pre-allocate ports to endpoints as part of the initial configuration of the tenant application. The pre-allocation process may include persisting pre-allocated port state information in storage and configuring endpoints and a NAT device with the pre-allocated port state information. Additional ports may be dynamically allocated to endpoints during runtime using dynamically determined port allocation sizes. In other instances, the central NAT manager may reserve ports for endpoints during the initial configuration of the tenant application by assigning ports to endpoints and persisting port assignment information to storage. During runtime, endpoints may issue port allocation requests to the central NAT manager, which may allocate ports to the endpoints from the range of ports initially reserved for each endpoint.

Abstract: Exemplary methods, systems, and computer program products describe selecting a gateway based on health and performance information of a plurality of gateways. The techniques describe gateways advertising health and performance information, computing devices creating a table of this health and performance information, and selecting a gateway using the table. In response to changes in the health and performance information, the computing device may select a different gateway. The process allows network traffic load to be distributed across a plurality of gateways. This process further provides resilience by allowing a plurality of active gateways to substitute for a non-functioning gateway.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for controlling communication between a virtualized network and non-virtualized entities using a virtualization gateway. A packet is sent by a virtual machine in the virtualized network to a non-virtualized entity. The packet is routed by the host of the virtual machine to a provider address of the virtualization gateway. The gateway translates the provider address of the gateway to a destination address of the non-virtualized entity and sends the packet to the non-virtualized entity. The non-virtualized entity may be a physical resource, such as a physical server or a storage device. The physical resource may be dedicated to one customer or may be shared among customers.

Abstract: A system for commoditizing data center networking is disclosed. The system includes an interconnection topology for a data center having a plurality of servers and a plurality of nodes of a network in the data center through which data packets may be routed. The system uses a routing scheme where the routing is oblivious to the traffic pattern between nodes in the network, and wherein the interconnection topology contains a plurality of paths between one or more servers. The multipath routing may be Valiant load balancing. It disaggregates the function of load balancing into a group of regular servers, with the result that load balancing server hardware can be distributed amongst racks in the data center leading to greater agility and less fragmentation. The architecture creates a huge, flexible switching domain, supporting any server/any service, full mesh agility, and unregimented server capacity at low cost.

Abstract: A method of enabling an electronic privately addressable source to be publicly addressable starts at a receiver where an electronic message is received. It is communicated from a sender with a private address outside a subnet of the receiver through a translator. The translator retrieves a lease to at least one of a public address or a port from a lease manager, translates the private address and the private port into a public address and a public port and communicates identifying data such as the public address and the public port to the receiver. If a response is communicated to the private sender, the response may be communicated to the private sender through the network. The public address and the public port on the message may be translated to the private address and the port of the private sender and the private address and the private port may be used to properly route the response to the private sender.

Abstract: Described is a server monitoring technology that is scalable to large numbers of servers, e.g., in a datacenter. Agents on servers run queries to monitor data sources for that server, such as performance counters and other events. The agents monitor their resource usage and those of monitored events to stay within an administrator-specified resource budget (policy), e.g., by modifying the running queries and/or monitoring parameters. A controller receives results of the monitoring, analyzes the results, and takes action as needed with respect to server operation and monitoring. The controller may dynamically update an agent's queries, monitoring parameters and/or monitored data post-processing operations. The controller may issue alerts and reports, including alerts indicative of inter-server problems between two or more servers.