Abstract: A method of surge protection for a dynamic compressor that has a corresponding compressor map. A control system continually calculates an equivalent polytropic head parameter in order to define a surge limit line. The system then calculates a control parameter and determines the distance the control parameter to the surge limit line wherein the control parameter is dynamic to changes in gas compressibility and invariant to changes in suction conditions and gas compressibility. As a result of the distance of the control parameter to the surge limit line, the surge valve of a dynamic compressor is actuated to prevent surge.

Abstract: A method of preventing surge in a dynamic compressor is disclosed. The method includes providing an anti-surge valve having an adjustable opening for increasing the flow through a dynamic compressor. The next step is sensing process conditions in the dynamic control to determine a compressor load variable. A control system estimates a process disturbance model using the compressor load variable. The control system then adjusts a safety margin using a rate limited response and initiates a closed loop response using process feedback based on the process disturbance model. The control system adjusts the opening of the anti-surge valve according to the safety margin and closed loop response.

Abstract: A method of correcting surge control parameters that includes providing a dynamic compressor having a compressor, driver, surge valve, and control system. The control system establishes surge control parameters such as surge detection lines, surge limit lines, and then detects the onset of a surge in the dynamic compressor. When the surge is detected the control system measures variables of the dynamic compressor such as fluid pressure, fluid speed, power, speed and valve position and based on these variables the control system automatically corrects the surge control parameters based on these variables at the time of the onset of the surge is detected. Advisory information is provided by control system to user for corrective actions to prevent surge.

Abstract: A method of surge protection for a dynamic compressor that has a corresponding compressor map. A control system continually calculates an equivalent polytropic head parameter in order to define a surge limit line. The system then calculates a control parameter and determines the distance the control parameter to the surge limit line wherein the control parameter is dynamic to changes in gas compressibility and invariant to changes in suction conditions and gas compressibility. As a result of the distance of the control parameter to the surge limit line, the surge valve of a dynamic compressor is actuated to prevent surge.

Abstract: A method of preventing surge in a dynamic compressor is disclosed. The method includes providing an anti-surge valve having an adjustable opening for increasing the flow through a dynamic compressor. The next step is sensing process conditions in the dynamic control to determine a compressor load variable. A control system estimates a process disturbance model using the compressor load variable. The control system then adjusts a safety margin using a rate limited response and initiates a closed loop response using process feedback based on the process disturbance model. The control system adjusts the opening of the anti-surge valve according to the safety margin and closed loop response.

Abstract: A method of preventing surge in a dynamic compressor is disclosed. The method includes providing an anti-surge valve having an adjustable opening for increasing the flow through a dynamic compressor. The next step is sensing process conditions in the dynamic control to determine a compressor load variable. A control system estimates a process disturbance model using the compressor load variable. The control system then adjusts a safety margin using a rate limited response and initiates a closed loop response using process feedback based on the process disturbance model. The control system adjusts the opening of the anti-surge valve according to the safety margin and closed loop response.

Abstract: A method of correcting surge control parameters that includes providing a dynamic compressor having a compressor, driver, surge valve, and control system. The control system establishes surge control parameters such as surge detection lines, surge limit lines, and then detects the onset of a surge in the dynamic compressor. When the surge is detected the control system measures variables of the dynamic compressor such as fluid pressure, fluid speed, power, speed and valve position and based on these variables the control system automatically corrects the surge control parameters based on these variables at the time of the onset of the surge is detected. Advisory information is provided by control system to user for corrective actions to prevent surge.

Abstract: A method of preventing surge in a dynamic compressor is disclosed. The method includes providing an anti-surge valve having an adjustable opening for increasing the flow through a dynamic compressor. The next step is sensing process conditions in the dynamic control to determine a compressor load variable. A control system estimates a process disturbance model using the compressor load variable. The control system then adjusts a safety margin using a rate limited response and initiates a closed loop response using process feedback based on the process disturbance model. The control system adjusts the opening of the anti-surge valve according to the safety margin and closed loop response.

Abstract: A method of surge protection for a dynamic compressor that has a corresponding compressor map. A control system continually calculates an equivalent polytropic head parameter in order to define a surge limit line. The system then calculates a control parameter and determines the distance the control parameter to the surge limit line wherein the control parameter is dynamic to changes in compressor load and invariant to changes in suction conditions and gas compressibility. As a result of the distance of the control parameter to the surge limit line, the surge valve of a dynamic compressor is actuated to prevent surge.

Abstract: A method of surge protection for a dynamic compressor that has a corresponding compressor map. A control system continually calculates an equivalent polytropic head parameter in order to define a surge limit line. The system then calculates a control parameter and determines the distance the control parameter to the surge limit line wherein the control parameter is dynamic to changes in compressor load and invariant to changes in suction conditions and gas compressibility. As a result of the distance of the control parameter to the surge limit line, the surge valve of a dynamic compressor is actuated to prevent surge.

Abstract: A driveline clunk control system for a vehicle having an engine that drives a driveline through a transmission includes a transmission output shaft speed (TOSS) sensor that generates a TOSS signal and a first module that receives the TOSS signal and that determines a secondary parameter (?TOSS) based on the TOSS signal. A second module detects onset of a clunk condition based on the ?TOSS and a third module regulates operation of the vehicle to inhibit the clunk condition when the onset of the clunk condition is detected.

Abstract: A fuel savings informational system is provided for implementation on an alternative fuel vehicle the operation of which may be characterized by a first plurality of fixed parameters and a second plurality of variable parameters. The system compares the fuel consumption of the alternative fuel vehicle to that of a virtual comparison vehicle characterized by a third plurality of fixed parameters, and comprises a plurality of sensors for monitoring the second plurality and a processor coupled thereto. The processor is configured to recall the first and third pluralities, capture data corresponding to the second plurality, and determine the fuel consumption of the alternative fuel vehicle from the second plurality. The processor is further configured to estimate the fuel consumption of the comparison vehicle from the first, second, and third pluralities, and compare the fuel consumption of the alternative fuel vehicle to the estimated fuel consumption of the comparison vehicle.

Abstract: Endless abrasive belt useful for polishing or otherwise abrading surfaces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for maintaining a main process gas parameter such as suction pressure discharge pressure, discharge flow, etc. of a compressor station with multiple dynamic compressors, which enables a station controller controlling the main process gas parameter to increase or decrease the total station performance to restore the main process gas parameter to a required level, first by simultaneous change of performances of all individual compressors, for example, by decreasing their speeds, and then after operating points of all machines reach their respective surge control lines, by simultaneous opening of individual antisurge valves. In the proposed load-sharing scheme, one compressor is automatically selected as a leading machine. For parallel operation, the compressor which is selected as the leader is the one having the largest distance to its surge control line.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for efficiently protecting dynamic compressors from surge under changing inlet conditions and in response to flow disturbances of varying size and speed. An antisurge control system based on this disclosed method will compute the relative proximity of the compressor operating point to its surge limit as a multi-variable parameter which is self-compensated for changes in gas composition, inlet temperature and pressure, compressor efficiency, guide-vane position, and rotational speed. A combination of adaptive closed- and open-loop control responses is used to maintain a margin of safety between the operating point and the surge limit. Both the safety margin and the magnitude of the open-loop response are proportional to the rate at which the operating point approaches the surge limit, thus maximizing process efficiency.