Abstract: In one or more embodiments described herein, there is provided an apparatus for a user interface, the user interface including a user interface surface, the user interface surface including at least part of a self cleaning composition, the composition being configured to draw away at least one dermatological contaminant from one or more contaminated regions of the user interface surface to thereby provide a self-cleaning user interface surface.

Abstract: An apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to provide a first state or a second state for an electrode, wherein in the first state, the electrode is configured for use in the detection of touch input, and in the second state, the electrode is configured for use in the provision of haptic feedback.

Abstract: An apparatus including including a first sensor configured to couple capacitively to a stylus when said stylus is in proximity to the first sensor, capacitive coupling between the first sensor and the stylus configured to generate a first touch input signal to enable detection of a first touch input; and a layer configured to couple capacitively to the stylus when said stylus is in proximity to the layer, capacitive coupling between the layer and the stylus configured to provide haptic feedback, wherein the layer is positioned adjacent the first sensor, the positioning resulting in capacitive cross-coupling between the first sensor and the layer, and wherein the layer comprises includes a first aperture configured to reduce the capacitive cross-coupling.

Abstract: An apparatus including a microphone; and a profilometer system including the microphone. The profilometer system is configured to use vibrations received at the microphone to create a Surface Texture File (STF).

Abstract: Apparatus including a first surface electrode and an arrangement of second insulated surface electrodes; a display configured to display an image; and a controller configured to apply a potential difference between the first surface electrode and the arrangement of second insulated surface electrodes and configured to control at least a variation in the applied potential difference in dependence upon the displayed image.

Abstract: Apparatus including: a face including a first surface electrode and a second insulated surface electrode; and a controller configured to apply a time varying potential difference between the first surface electrode and the second insulated surface electrode and configured to control at least the time variation in the potential difference.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an optically transparent sheet having an electrically conductive layer, an electrode element, and electro-vibration circuitry configured to provide a time-varying voltage signal across the electrically conductive layer and the electrode element so as to cause a user to experience electro-vibration in a first body part of the user when the first body part is moved across an exterior surface of the optically transparent sheet while a second body part of the user is in contact with the electrode element.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an optically transparent electrode configured to provide transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to a user contacting a portion of an exterior surface of said apparatus proximal to said optically transparent electrode.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to improve the performance of electronic and optoelectronic devices made using organic semiconductor processing technology. An ink-jet device dispenses an organic composite mixture onto a substrate. The mixture includes a semiconducting polymer and nanomaterials dispersed into an organic solvent. The type of solvent used preferably achieves effective dispersion of the polymer and nanomaterials in the solvent to minimize the occurrence of clogging of the ink-jet nozzles. The range of nanomaterials include, but are not limited to, organic and inorganic, single or multi-walled nanotubes, nanowires, nanodots, quantum dots, nanorods, nanocrystals, nanotetrapods, nanotripods, nanobipods, nanoparticles, nanosaws, nanosprings, nanoribbons, any branched nanostructure, and any mixture of these nanoshaped materials. The nanostructures can be aligned on the substrate to improve the carrier mobility in the organic semiconductors.