Abstract: Methods and systems for enhancing the detectability of electronic tracking messages are provided. Transmitters apply error protection encoding to the payload portion of messages to be transmitted. Transmitted messages are received by a satellite or other surveillance platform employing a compatible radio frequency receiver to collect message signals over a large area or great distance. Candidate messages are identified and the error protection encoding decoded to recover messages.

Abstract: A spray dispensing device is provided which can be used with non-pressurized containers. The device includes passageways for directing streams of air and, liquid where the liquid is broken up into droplets and emitted as a fine spray through an orifice. An annular air passageway is concentrically disposed around a liquid passageway, and the air is lead through air swirl passages, where the annular stream of air is given a rotary motion as the result of swirl vanes forming the air swirl passages. The velocity of air past a product passageway exit orifice also creates a Bernoulli effect which reduces pressure at that orifice, which acts to draw liquid to the spray orifice. The device may include a dip tube for the liquid which is provided with a check valve for retaining liquid at a high level in the dip tube after each spray cycle so that spraying is nearly instantaneous upon actuation.

Abstract: Automated pulmonary function testing apparatus includes a spirometer responsive to the breathing efforts of a patient for producing electrical signals which vary in accordance with volumes of breathed gas and central processing means for calculating one or more pulmonary function parameters associated with such volumes. Display means are adapted to visually display information supplied from the central processing means to an operator and/or a patient under test. In addition, keyboard means coupled to the central processing means are also provided such that upon operation of a particular key, tests may be selected and volumes or other calculated parameters may be visually displayed and/or printed on a permanent record medium.