Abstract: The invention relates to carbonyl derivatives which are histamine H-2 antagonists and which inhibit gastric acid secretion. According to the invention where is provided a guanidine derivative of the formula I: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, same or different, are hydrogen or 1-10C alkyl, 3-8C cycloalkyl or 4-14C cycloalkylalkyl, each alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl optionally carrying one or more F, Cl or Br atoms, provided that one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is halogen substituted, or R.sup.2 is hydrogen and R.sup.1 is R.sup.5 -E-W in which W is 2-6C alkylene optionally substituted by 1 or 2 1-4C alkyls, E is O, S, SO, SO.sub.2 or NR.sup.6 in which R.sup.6 is H or 1-6C alkyl, R.sup.5 is H or 1-6C alkyl optionally substituted by 1 or 2 1-4C alkyls, or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are joined to form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, piperazine or N-methylpiperazine ring, or R.sup.2 is H and R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds useful for inhibiting gastric acid secretion and for the treatment of peptic ulcers caused or exacerbated by gastric acidity having the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, are H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, C.sub.3-8 cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl in which the alkyl part is C.sub.1-6 and the cycloalkyl part is C.sub.3-8, each of the alkyl, cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyls being optionally substituted by one or more halogens selected from F, Cl and Br, provided that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a halogen substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl and provided that there is no halogen substituent on the carbon directly attached to the nitrogen; and X, m, Y, n and R.sup.3 are as described in the specification; and the pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for converting p-hydroxymandelic acid or a salt thereof to p-hydroxyphenylglycine. The product is a useful intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with novel dioxolane derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.a is hydrogen or (1-4C)alkyl and R.sub.b is (1-4C)alkyl or phenyl optionally bearing a halogeno substituent; their production; and their use for the manufacture of certain known anti-arthritic acids of the formula: ##STR2## and, in particular, those acids in which R.sub.a =R.sub.b =methyl or R.sub.a =ethyl and R.sub.b =phenyl, by a novel reduction process. The preferred reduction procedures involve the use of an alkali metal borohydride or cyanoborohydride in the presence of a noble metal catalyst, or the use of an .alpha.-branched alkyl or cycloalkyl Grignard agent.The use of the derivatives of formula I avoids the need for potentially toxic reagents and reactive intermediates in the previously known processes for the production of the acids of formula V.

Abstract: Solid sodium or potassium p-hydroxymandelate monohydrate and a process for isolating it from a known reaction mixture of phenol, glyoxylic acid and sodium or potassium hydroxide. The product is a useful intermediate for the preparation of the .beta.-adrenergic blocking agent atenolol.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by the reduction of p-hydroxymandelic acid. The product is a useful intermediate for the preparation of the .beta.-adrenergic blocking agent atenolol.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of p-hydroxybenzyl cyanide which comprises reacting p-hydroxymandelic acid with cyanide ion. The product is a useful intermediate for the preparation of the .beta.-adrenergic blocking agent atenolol.