Abstract: A battery module comprises a plurality of secondary battery cells arranged side-by-side; and a flame-retardant composition disposed atop the plurality of secondary battery cells; where the flame-retardant composition comprises a first composition and a second composition. The first composition comprises porous particles upon which are disposed a first metal catalyst particle and a first flame-retardant particle. The second composition comprises a fibrous composition that comprises a fibrous substrate upon which is disposed a second metal catalyst particle and a second flame-retardant particle.

Abstract: A battery module comprises a plurality of secondary battery cells arranged side-by-side; and a flame-retardant composition disposed atop the plurality of secondary battery cells; where the flame-retardant composition comprises a first composition and a second composition. The first composition comprises porous particles upon which are disposed a first metal catalyst particle and a first flame-retardant particle. The second composition comprises a fibrous composition that comprises a fibrous substrate upon which is disposed a second metal catalyst particle and a second flame-retardant particle.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system with independent intake air compressor includes an engine having at least one cylinder communicating with a cylinder exhaust passage. A bypass valve positioned in the cylinder exhaust passage when selectively aligned in a first position directs all exhaust from the at least one cylinder to an exhaust passage and when selectively aligned in a second position directs all exhaust from the at least one cylinder into an EGR dedicated passage. An intake manifold is in communication with the EGR dedicated passage. An electrically powered eBoost compressor when activated receives atmospheric air and generates a required boosted air pressure flow during a mid-load engine operation portion and a high-load engine operation portion for introduction into the intake manifold independently of the EGR dedicated passage. The eBoost compressor is deactivated during a low-load engine operation portion.

Abstract: Provided herein are turbocharger manifolds, and turbocharger and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems incorporating the same. The manifold comprises a body, at least one non-dedicated EGR vein, a dedicated EGR vein, and an EGR bypass valve in fluid communication with the dedicated EGR vein, wherein the dedicated EGR vein converges with the at least one non-dedicated EGR veins downstream from the EGR bypass valve. The dedicated EGR vein is in fluid communication with an EGR conduit. The EGR bypass valve can selectively allow or prevent fluid communication between the dedicated EGR vein and the EGR conduit. The EGR bypass valve can comprise a two-way valve having a gate movable from a first position to a second position. The manifold can comprise a one-piece construction with a turbocharger turbine housing.

Abstract: An engine control system for a vehicle includes a coefficients determination module and a braking torque estimation module. The coefficients determination module determines first and second torque estimation coefficients that are set based on a braking torque versus air per cylinder (APC) line. The coefficients determination module determines third, fourth, and fifth torque estimation coefficients that are set based on a maximum braking torque (MBT) spark timing versus APC line. The braking torque estimation module estimates a braking torque of an engine based on APC, spark timing, and the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth torque estimation coefficients.

Abstract: An engine control system for a vehicle includes a coefficients determination module and a braking torque estimation module. The coefficients determination module determines first and second torque estimation coefficients that are set based on a braking torque versus air per cylinder (APC) line. The coefficients determination module determines third, fourth, and fifth torque estimation coefficients that are set based on a maximum braking torque (MBT) spark timing versus APC line. The braking torque estimation module estimates a braking torque of an engine based on APC, spark timing, and the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth torque estimation coefficients.

Abstract: A method of camshaft scheduling is disclosed which includes measuring a driver input; calculating a driver requested torque based on a measured driver input; and scheduling the camshaft based upon the driver requested torque. In one example, the driver input is an accelerator pedal position, which is related to a percentage of driver torque requested. The cam position is selected based on the driver requested torque and the cam position is adjusted to provide one of a best fuel economy cam position and a best torque output cam position based upon the percentage of driver torque requested.

Abstract: A method of camshaft scheduling is disclosed which includes measuring a driver input; calculating a driver requested torque based on a measured driver input; and scheduling the camshaft based upon the driver requested torque. In one example, the driver input is an accelerator pedal position, which is related to a percentage of driver torque requested. The cam position is selected based on the driver requested torque and the cam position is adjusted to provide one of a best fuel economy cam position and a best torque output cam position based upon the percentage of driver torque requested.