Abstract: Substituted 5,6-dihydro-5-oxo-1,4-dithiino-(2,3-d)-pyridazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles are prepared which correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents ##STR2## wherein X.sup.1 is Cl, Br, NO.sub.2 or CH.sub.3, y is 0 or 1 and n is 0, 1 or 2.These compounds have been found to exhibit antimicrobial and marine antifouling activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing these compounds are so employed.

Abstract: Substituted thiadiazoles which correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents ##STR2## X represents --Br, --Cl, --F, --CH.sub.3, --OCH.sub.3, --COOCH.sub.3, --NO.sub.2, --SCH.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or --CF.sub.3 and Y is --SCN or --SCH.sub.2 SCN.These compounds have been found to exhibit antimicrobial and marine antifouling activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing these compounds are so employed.

Abstract: Various 4,5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiolo-2-one or thione maleimides corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents --H, phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 straight or branched chain alkyl radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl radical, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 straight or branched chain alkoxy radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 cycloalkoxy, an ester of the formula --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--C(O)--R.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 straight or branched chain alkyl radical or a C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 cycloalkyl radical and Z represents oxygen or sulfur are disclosed.These compounds have been found to exhibit antimicrobial and marine antifouling activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing these compounds are so employed.

Abstract: Disclosed are substituted-5-thiomethylthiocyanato-1H-tetrazole compounds corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 straight or branched chain alkyl radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl or a phenyl radical of the formula ##STR2## wherein each X independently represents hydrogen, halo, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 straight or branched chain alkyl radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl radical, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 straight or branched chain alkoxy radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkoxy radical, cyano or nitro and n is 0-5.These compounds have been found to exhibit antimicrobial and marine antifouling activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing these compounds are so employed.

Abstract: 5-Acylamino-1,2,4-triazole-3-sulfonamides, which are useful intermediates for the preparation of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide herbicides are prepared from 5-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole by sequential acylation to 5-acylamino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles, chlorination to 5-acylamino-3-chlorosulfonyl-1,2,4-triazoles, and condensation with substituted anilines to 5-acylamino-1,2,4-triazole-3-sulfonamides. 5-Acylamino-3-chlorosulfonyl-1,2,4-triazole compounds are key intermediates in the process.

Abstract: 5-Acylamino-1,2,4-triazole-3-sulfonamides, which are useful intermediates for the preparation of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide herbicides are prepared from 5-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole by sequential acylation to 5-acylamino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles, chlorination to 5-acylamino-3-chlorosulfonyl-1,2,4-triazoles, and condensation with substituted anilines to 5-acylamino-1,2,4-triazole-3-sulfonamides. 5-Acylamino-3-chlorosulfonyl-1,2,4-triazole compounds are key intermediates in the process.

Abstract: The invention is a bis-BCB compound of the structure: ##STR1## a method for making same and polymers made therefrom. The novel compounds of this invention are useful in preparing polymers that can form thin film coatings for multichip midules (MCMs) and integrated circuits (ICs). These compounds can be isolated as liquids at room temperature, and can form polymers that are hydrophobic and have low dielectrical and dissipative properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substituted or unsubstituted 3- or 4-hydroxyalkylbenzocyclobutene compound comprises reducing a corresponding 3- or 4-formyl or ketobenzocyclobutene compound with a hydride at a temperature below that at which dimerization or oligomerization of the formyl- or ketobenzocycloutene compound or the thus-produced hydroxyalkylbenzocyclobutene compound is a significant side reaction, for a time sufficient to convert the formyl- or ketobenzocyclobutene compound to the hydroxyalkylbenzocyclobutene compound. In a two-step process, formylbenzocyclobutenes are prepared from bromobenzocyclobutenes in 90% yield or from benzocyclobutenes in a 70% yield, and then converted to hydroxymethylbenzocyclobutenes for an overall yield of about 85% from a bromobenzocyclobutene or of about 65% from a benzocyclobutene.

Abstract: A compound is prepared which corresponds to the formula: ##STR1## This compound has been found to exhibit antimicrobial activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing this compound are so employed.

Abstract: A process for preparing carboxylic acid esters of of the formulaX--(COOCH.sub.2 A).sub.nwherein A is the residue of a substituted or unsubstituted 3- or 4-benzocyclobutene compound, X is an n-valent organic bridging group, and n is 2,3, or 4, comprises reacting a substituted or unsubstituted 3- or 4-hydroxymethylbenzocyclobutene compound with a compound of the formula X--(COY).sub.n, wherein X is an n-valent organic bridging group and Y is Cl or Br. Esters of inorganic acids of the formulaX'(OCH.sub.2 A).sub.nwherein X' is a residue of an inorganic acid halide, n is 2 or 3, and A is the residue of a substituted or unsubstituted 3- or 4-benzocyclobutene compound, are prepared by reacting an inorganic halide of the formula X'Y.sub.n, wherein Y is Br or Cl, with a substituted or unsubstituted 3- or 4-hydroxymethylbenzocyclobutene compound. Biscarbonates of the formula X"[OC(.dbd.O)CH.sub.2 A].sub.

Abstract: Diphenylcarbonate is produced by contacting phenol with phosgene or phenylchloroformate or mixture thereof in the presence of one or more heterogeneous catalysts. The catalysts include Group VB metal oxides: silicates of Groups IIA, IIIB, IVB, VB, and the lanthanide and actinide metals: tungsten oxides: and clays. The more preferred catalysts are silicates of yttrium, titanium, or zirconium.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 3- or 4-hydroxybenzocyclobutene comprises reacting a 3- or 4-halogenzocyclobutene reactant with an alkali metal hydroxide by heating in an aqueous alcohol medium at a temperature from about 50.degree. C. to a temperature at which dimerization or oligomerization of a benzocyclobutene reactant or product is a significant side reaction, in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst, for a time sufficient to convert the halobenzocyclobutene reactant to the hydroxybenzocyclobutene product.

Abstract: An improved process for the nitration of a substituted or unsubstituted benzocyclobutene compound in a reaction mixture comprising a nitrating agent, an unhalogenated carboxylic acid anhydride, clay and a solvent to produce a corresponding nitrobenzocyclobutene compound, is that wherein:(a) the solvent has a density above that of the nitrating agent or an extractable precursor thereof;(b) the reaction mixture is heated at a temperature such that solvent is removed from the reaction mixture to a site outside the reaction mixture to extract nitrating agent or extractable precursor thereof; and(c) the thus-extracted nitrating agent or precursor thereof is fed into the reaction mixture to nitrate the benzocyclobutene compound.

Abstract: Substituted 1,3-dithiolo- and 1,4-dithiinoquinoxalines are prepared which correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein X represents: ##STR2## and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, arylcarbonyl, or an alkoxy carbonyl group.These compounds have been found to exhibit antimicrobial and marine antifouling activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing these compounds are so employed.

Abstract: Dimercapto-substituted dinitriles are prepared which correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein X represents: ##STR2## These compounds have been found to exhibit antimicrobial activity in industrial and commercial applications and compositions containing these compounds are so employed.

Abstract: Hydroxy-functional poly(ether sulfonamides) prepared by polymerizing an N,N'-dialkyl or N,N'-diaryldisulfonamide with a diepoxide in the presence of a suitable catalyst exhibit high barrier properties. These are suitable for use in the manufacture of articles such as rigid containers and flexible films exhibiting high barrier to oxygen.

Abstract: Hydroxy arylcyclobutenes are prepared by the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of arylcyclobutene aldehydes with permonophosphoric acid.

Abstract: 3-chloromethylbenzocyclobutene is prepared by reacting benzocyclobutene with chloromethyl methyl ether in the presence of stannic chloride at a temperature of about -120.degree. C. to about -40.degree. C. and neutralizing the resulting reaction mixture comprising 3-chloromethylbenzocyclobutene at a temperature of about -80.degree. C. to about -70.degree. C.

Abstract: 2,6-Difluoroaniline is prepared from 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene by partial fluorine exchange to a mixture of 2,6-difluorochlorobenzene and 2,3-difluorochlorobenzene, amination of the chloro substituents, and separation of the desired product from the isomeric 2,3-difluoroaniline. By incorporating a selective reduction into the process immediately after the partial fluorine exchange, the undesirable 2,3-difluorochlorobenzene is converted into valuable ortho-difluorobenzene and the 2,3-difluoroaniline isomer is avoided.

Abstract: Substituted 2-haloanilines are prepared from the correspondingly substituted 2,4-dichloro- or 2,4-dibromoanilines by selectively reducing a chloro or bromo substituent para to a protected amino group in the presence of the same halogen as an ortho substituent. The selective reductions are accomplished by protecting the amino function of the aniline with two protecting groups, e.g., as the diacetanilide or the succinimide.