Abstract: A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock containing waxy components and having an end boiling point exceeding 650° F., which includes contacting the feedstock at superatmospheric hydrogen partial pressure with an isomerization dewaxing catalyst that includes ZSM-48 and contacting the feedstock with a hydrocracking catalyst to produce an upgraded product with a reduced wax content. Each catalyst is present in an amount sufficient to reduce the cloud point and the pour point of the feedstock at a conversion of greater than about 10%, and an overall distillate yield of greater than about 10% results from the process.

Abstract: A fuel system for on-board vehicle fuel separation to supply engine fuel compositions formulated as a function of driving cycle conditions. The invention results in improvements in one or more of feed efficiency and combustion emissions.

Abstract: A fuel system for on-board vehicle fuel separation to supply engine fuel compositions formulated as a function of driving cycle conditions. The invention results in improvements in one or more of feed efficiency and combustion emissions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for efficiently producing hydrogen that can be supplied to a fuel cell. The method and system of the present invention produces hydrogen in a reforming reactor using a hydrocarbon stream and water vapor stream as reactants. The hydrogen produced is purified in a hydrogen separating membrane to form a retentate stream and purified hydrogen stream. The purified hydrogen can then be fed to a fuel cell where electrical energy is produced and a fuel cell exhaust stream containing water vapor and oxygen depleted air is emitted. In one embodiment of the present invention, a means and method is provided for recycling a portion of the retentate stream to the reforming reactor for increased hydrogen yields. In another embodiment, a combustor is provided for combusting a second portion of the retentate stream to provide heat to the reforming reaction or other reactants.

Abstract: This invention relates to the refining of petroleum products, and more particularly to an integrated hydroprocessing scheme involving a hydrocracking stage and subsequent dewaxing stage. Materials boiling in the middle distillate or lube oil range may be dewaxed. The bottoms streams (and optionally, other streams) of each stage are maintained separately from one another, during processing. Dewaxing may occur using either hydroisomerization catalysts or shape-selective catalysts or both in series. One embodiment employs a baffle in the flash zone of a fractionator to separate bottoms streams from each other. Alternatively, the effluent from the hydrocracking stage may be processed separately from the effluent from the dewaxing stage. The bottoms fraction from the dewaxing stage may be recycled back to the hydrocracking stage for further processing or used as lube base stock.

Abstract: A liquid hydrocarbon composition, containing paraffinic hydrocarbon components in which the extent of branching, as measured by the percentage of methyl hydrogens (BI), and the proximity of branching, as measured by the percentage of recurring methylene carbons which are four or more carbons removed from an end group or branch (CH.sub.2 >4), are such that:(a) BI-0.5(CH.sub.2 >4)>15; and(b) BI+0.85(CH.sub.2 >4)<45as measured over said liquid hydrocarbon composition as a whole.

Abstract: A process for treating heavy oil by contacting the oil with hydrogen in a reactor containing an activated carbon catalyst having a specified range of Alpha value, and average pore diameter, and pore distribution, to reduce the content of nickel and vanadium in the feedstock and to achieve conversion of the carbon residue for producing a lighter oil. Demetallation capacity of the carbon catalyst is enhanced by the addition of a carbon-reactive oxidant, e.g., steam, under conditions sufficient to form additional carbon surface.

Abstract: Heavy oils are simultaneously subjected to hydrocracking and dewaxing using a catalyst based on zeolite beta together with a hydrogenation component. The process is able to effect a bulk conversion of the oil while, at the same time, yielding a low pour point product.

Abstract: Heavy oils are simultaneously subjected to hydrocracking and dewaxing using a catalyst based on zeolite beta together with a hydrogenation component. The process is able to effect a bulk conversion of the oil while, at the same time, yielding a low pour point product.

Abstract: A process for producing monosubstituted monoalkylaromatics from C.sub.8 +n-paraffins-containing feeds, by contacting the feeds with a non-acid catalyst comprising a microporous crystalline material containing tin, indium, thallium or lead, is disclosed.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon lubricants having a high viscosity index (V.I.) and low pour point are produced by hydroisomerizing a waxy lube feed such as slack wax or a waxy gas oil over zeolite beta after which aromatic components are removed by extraction, e.g. with furfural. The raffinate is then dewaxed, preferably by solvent dewaxing to target pour point with a final hydrofinishing step. The hydroisomerization coupled with the aromatics extraction and dewaxing increases the range of crudes that can be processed into high V.I. lubes while maintaining equivalent product qualities. Hydrogen consumption in the process is relatively low.

Abstract: A low acidity Group VIII metal-containing zeolite MCM-22 catalyst, said zeolite exhibiting an Alpha value of not greater than about 150, is provided for conversion of aliphatic C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon(s) to olefin(s) and/or aromatic(s).

Abstract: A two-stage method is provided for converting diamondoid-containing wash oils to gasoline comprising a first hydrocracking stage and a second reforming stage. In the most preferred embodiment, process conditions are controlled to effect a substantially hydrogen-balanced conversion of diamondoid-containing solvent to a motor gasoline blending component.

Abstract: The invention relates to framework gallium containing ultrastable Y having a framework (silica:alumina+gallium oxide) SiO.sub.2 /(Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3) mole ratio of 18:1 which contains at least 2.2% framework gallium. Moreover, the invention includes use of the framework gallium containing ultrastable Y in hydrocarbon conversion processes, such as reforming, catalytic cracking and aromatization.

Abstract: High purity benzene and high octane alkylaromatic gasoline can be obtained via a dual stage reforming process utilizing a non-acidic Group VIII metal containing microporous crystalline silicate catalyst in the first stage followed by first stage effluent treatment over acidic zeolite catalyst operating under conditions in the second stage to upgrade the first stage effluent in RON, in aromatic content or both.

Abstract: Diamondoid compounds are concentrated in a solvent mixture containing at least 20% by weight of normal and slightly branched C.sub.5 -C.sub.30 paraffins by selectively converting the paraffins to lower boiling aliphatic hydrocarbons and separating the lower boiling aliphatics from the solvent mixture to yield a concentrated solvent mixture enriched in diamondoid compounds. Useful shape selective catalysts include zeolites having Constraint Indices from about 1 to about 12, such as ZSM-5 and MCM-22.

Abstract: Aliphatic C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon(s) are converted to olefin(s) and/or aromatic(s) in the presence of a low acidity Group VIII metal-containing zeolite MCM-22 catalyst, said zeolite exhibiting an Alpha value of not greater than about 150.

Abstract: Aliphatic C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon(s) are converted to olefin(s) and/or aromatic(s) in the presence of an essentially non-acidic Group VIII metal species-containing zeolite MCM-22 catalyst.

Abstract: Long chain (C.sub.7+) paraffins are isomerized over a large pore, highly siliceous zeolite catalyst such as zeolite Y or ZSM-20 having a structural silica:alumina ratio of at least 10:1. The use of the highly siliceous zeolite inhibits the degree of cracking and also permits weaker hydrogenation components such as palladium to be used in the catalyst.

Abstract: Dewaxing, preferably catalytic dewaxing over zeolite beta or ZSM-5, improves the crackability of a heavy, waxy feed to a catalytic cracking unit. When the catalytic dewaxing occurs at temperatures above about 360.degree. C., using ZSM-5 dewaxing catalyst, high octane gasoline is obtained as a by product of catalytic dewaxing.