Abstract: A method and a facility produce polylactide (PLA) by polymerization, in which a lactide mixture is mixed with at least one catalyst, is introduced into a modular planetary roller extruder and the finished PLA is then removed. The lactide mixture continuously passes through segments of the extruder. The course of the reaction is measured and controlled in the segments in a targeted manner such that the temperature can be set by heating and/or cooling. The pressure can be variably set depending on pressure values to be checked by a controllable gas extraction and/or a controllable extruder speed and/or static variability of the planetary rollers and/or a variable metering speed of the lactide mixture and/or a variable mixing ratio of the lactide mixture. Flammable gas is removed in an explosion-protected zone in a partial region of the extruder. Additives are introduced into the extruder during the rolling process.

Abstract: A method and a facility produce polylactide (PLA) by polymerization, in which a lactide mixture is mixed with at least one catalyst, is introduced into a modular planetary roller extruder and the finished PLA is then removed. The lactide mixture continuously passes through segments of the extruder. The course of the reaction is measured and controlled in the segments in a targeted manner such that the temperature can be set by heating and/or cooling. The pressure can be variably set depending on pressure values to be checked by a controllable gas extraction and/or a controllable extruder speed and/or static variability of the planetary rollers and/or a variable metering speed of the lactide mixture and/or a variable mixing ratio of the lactide mixture. Flammable gas is removed in an explosion-protected zone in a partial region of the extruder. Additives are introduced into the extruder during the rolling process.

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioning device (1) for a flexible drive element, particularly for a chain or a belt, is provided, and includes a housing (2) that has a cylindrical inner surface (3) at least in some regions, a piston (4) is arranged in the housing (2) in an axially displaceable manner, and an inner chamber (5) is formed by the housing (2) and the piston (4) for receiving hydraulic fluid. At least one vent hole (6) is integrated in the housing (2) and/or in the piston (4) is in contact with the surroundings (U). In order to provide a reliably ventilated system that has a simple design and that can be implemented in a cost-effective manner, a sealing element (7) is arranged in a region of the vent hole (6), and the sealing element is permeable to gas but not to hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: A tensioning device for a traction mechanism drive. The tensioning device includes a tensioning piston which is mounted in an axially movable manner and provided with an attachment shaft facing the traction mechanism. The tensioning device also includes a tensioning shoe formed of a polymer plastic and mounted on the attachment shaft via a support hole, and a disk-shaped metallic support element which is fixed to the attachment shaft via its support hole. The force transmission between the tensioning shoe (2) and the tensioning piston (5) is improved by pre-mounting the support element (11) in or on the tensioning shoe (2) in a positively or non-positively fixed manner, and the support element (11) is connected to the tensioning piston (5), in the mounted state, via a press fit between the support hole (12) and the attachment shaft (4), and contacts a shoulder (9) of the tensioning piston (5).

Abstract: A traction engine drive (2), the components of which are integrated into an assembly unit (6) that can be pre-completed. A guide rail (7) having a clamp rail (10) is fixed in location by a clamping device (16) and a traction element (12) is disposed in conjunction with at least one traction mechanism wheel, so that a free length of the traction element is not present.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tensioning system (8) of a traction mechanism (1) to which a hydraulic fluid is applied and which interacts with a tensioning rail (6). The design of the tensioning system (8) provides that in the operating state hydraulic fluid is fed to the traction means (2) and/or the tensioning rail (6) via a transverse groove (18) which is located in the region of an attachment screw (15) and has an end-side spray nozzle (22).

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioning device (1) for a flexible drive element, particularly for a chain or a belt, is provided, and includes a housing (2) that has a cylindrical inner surface (3) at least in some regions, a piston (4) is arranged in the housing (2) in an axially displaceable manner, and an inner chamber (5) is formed by the housing (2) and the piston (4) for receiving hydraulic fluid. At least one vent hole (6) is integrated in the housing (2) and/or in the piston (4) is in contact with the surroundings (U). In order to provide a reliably ventilated system that has a simple design and that can be implemented in a cost-effective manner, a sealing element (7) is arranged in a region of the vent hole (6), and the sealing element is permeable to gas but not to hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: A traction engine drive (2), the components of which are integrated into an assembly unit (6) that can be pre-completed. A guide rail (7) having a clamp rail (10) is fixed in location by a clamping device (16) and a traction element (12) is disposed in conjunction with at least one traction mechanism wheel, so that a free length of the traction element is not present.

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioning device is provided for a traction mechanism drive, in particular for a chain or belt drive of an internal combustion engine. The device includes a tensioning piston which is guided in a displaceable manner in a cylinder, with a pressure chamber being defined between the tensioning piston and the cylinder which is used to receive hydraulic fluid. A pressure relief valve is provided which limits the pressure in the pressure chamber. The pressure relief valve (8) includes, at least partially, a pre-assembled assembly (10) which can be inserted or is inserted into the tensioning piston (4).

Abstract: Method for producing a rotation-compensated image sequence allowing simplified reconstruction of the translation of a camera by real time rotation compensation of images recorded sequentially by an electronic camera randomly displaced in a scene and provided with a rotation sensor resulting from an association of color and/or brightness values of the pixels of a camera pixel field indicated by rectangular coordinates.

Abstract: A tensioning device for a traction mechanism drive. The tensioning device includes a tensioning piston which is mounted in an axially movable manner and provided with an attachment shaft facing the traction mechanism. The tensioning device also includes a tensioning shoe formed of a polymer plastic and mounted on the attachment shaft via a support hole, and a disk-shaped metallic support element which is fixed to the attachment shaft via its support hole. The force transmission between the tensioning shoe (2) and the tensioning piston (5) is improved by pre-mounting the support element (11) in or on the tensioning shoe (2) in a positively or non-positively fixed manner, and the support element (11) is connected to the tensioning piston (5), in the mounted state, via a press fit between the support hole (12) and the attachment shaft (4), and contacts a shoulder (9) of the tensioning piston (5).

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioner intended for use in chain drives of internal combustion engines. The hydraulic tensioner has a pot-shaped housing in which a piston is elastically suspended against a traction element and guided for longitudinal displacement. A damping device forms a leak gap which serves to damp adjusting movements of the piston. The leak gap is defined by a bushing which is inserted into the housing and, at the same time, guides the piston. During an adjusting movement of the piston towards a pressure chamber filled with a hydraulic fluid, a fractional quantity of the hydraulic fluid is displaced via the leak gap. An adjusting movement of the piston in the opposite direction causes a re-flow of the hydraulic fluid via a one-way valve arranged in the housing.

Abstract: A check valve includes a housing with an inlet opening and an outlet opening along with a cage-like insert disposed therein as a support for a spring element and for guiding a closing body which can be moved against the spring element and which can be moved between a first end position, in which the spring body lies in contact with a seat to form a seal, and a second end position, in which the valve is completely open. The closing body, which is constructed cylindrically and pot-like, is guided with its cylindrical casing surface at the cage-like insert and in contact with the seat with a flat outer surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tensioning system (8) of a traction mechanism (1) to which a hydraulic fluid is applied and which interacts with a tensioning rail (6). The design of the tensioning system (8) provides that in the operating state hydraulic fluid is fed to the traction means (2) and/or the tensioning rail (6) via a transverse groove (18) which is located in the region of an attachment screw (15) and has an end-side spray nozzle (22).

Abstract: A tensioning device for a traction mechanism drive. The tensioning device includes a tensioning piston which is mounted in an axially movable manner and provided with an attachment shaft facing the traction mechanism. The tensioning device also includes a tensioning shoe formed of a polymer plastic and mounted on the attachment shaft via a support hole, and a disk-shaped metallic support element which is fixed to the attachment shaft via its support hole. The force transmission between the tensioning shoe (2) and the tensioning piston (5) is improved by pre-mounting the support element (11) in or on the tensioning shoe (2) in a positively or non-positively fixed manner, and the support element (11) is connected to the tensioning piston (5), in the mounted state, via a press fit between the support hole (12) and the attachment shaft (4), and contacts a shoulder (9) of the tensioning piston (5).

Abstract: A compensating drive for driving a compensating shaft of an internal combustion engine, comprising a toothed belt or a chain, which connects a crankshaft driven wheel of the internal combustion engine to a drive wheel on the compensating shaft or shafts, in which case the crankshaft driven wheel (2, 2?) and/or the drive wheel or wheels (5) of the compensating shafts (4) are shaped to be non-circular in such a way that they transmit to the drive a variability, which at least partially compensates the vibrations produced during the rotation of the crankshaft (1).

Abstract: A traction mechanism that includes at least one guide (1, 1?-1???) for tensioning or guiding a continuous traction drive element, especially a chain of the control drive of an internal combustion engine is provided. The guide (1, 1?-1???) is made of plastic and metal inserts and has a double T cross-section having an upper member (3) and a lower member (4) that are connected by a central web (5) and ribs (6) arranged endwise on both ends of the web (5). The invention provides a rigid, compact and inexpensive guide. For this purpose, the guide (1, 1?-1???) includes two lateral plates (2, 2?-2???, 18, 19), preferably made from steel, that are inserted into recesses (7) in the side faces (29) of the ribs (6) in a play-free manner and are held in position by form fitting fastening elements.

Abstract: A compensating drive for driving a compensating shaft of an internal combustion engine, comprising a toothed belt or a chain, which connects a crankshaft driven wheel of the internal combustion engine to a drive wheel on the compensating shaft or shafts, in which case the crankshaft driven wheel (2, 2?) and/or the drive wheel or wheels (5) of the compensating shafts (4) are shaped to be non-circular in such a way that they transmit to the drive a variability, which at least partially compensates the vibrations produced during the rotation of the crankshaft (1).

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioner for traction means, especially of internal combustion engines is provided, and includes a tensioner piston, in the bottom of which an externally opening pressure relief valve is disposed in an axial central bore. The central bore is provided with a hole and is secured with a pot-shaped cap which rests against the piston bottom and is frictionally engaged therewith. In order to make the hydraulic tensioner inexpensive to produce and easy to handle, the pot-shaped cap is provided as a thin-walled sleeve (27) having a bottom (32) while being connected to the outer circumference of a reduced end (31) of the piston bottom (19), preferably by a press fit. Furthermore, the hole (34) is located in the bottom (32) of the sleeve and is disposed in an axial direction.

Abstract: A hydraulic tensioning device is provided for a traction mechanism drive, in particular for a chain or belt drive of an internal combustion engine. The device includes a tensioning piston which is guided in a displaceable manner in a cylinder, with a pressure chamber being defined between the tensioning piston and the cylinder which is used to receive hydraulic fluid. A pressure relief valve is provided which limits the pressure in the pressure chamber. The pressure relief valve (8) includes, at least partially, a pre-assembled assembly (10) which can be inserted or is inserted into the tensioning piston (4).