Abstract: Compounds having the formula 1

Abstract: Compounds having Formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds represented by the following structural formula, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates thereof, R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from C1-C8 alkyl, aryl-C0-2-alkyl, heteroaryl-C0-2-alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkylaryl-C0-2-alkyl or phenyl. W is O or S. R2 is H or a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl and heteroaryl. X is a C2-C5 alkylene linker wherein one carbon atom of the linker may be replaced with O, NH or S. Y is C, O, S, NH or a single bond. Furthermore, E is (CH2)nCOOH, wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, or C(R3)(R4)A, wherein A is an acidic functional group such as carboxyl, carboxamide substituted or unsubstituted sulfonamide, or substituted or unsubstituted tetrazole. R3 is H, saturated or unsaturated C1-C5 alkyl, C1-C5 alkoxy.

Abstract: A method for exposing the internal signals of a system model or software model of a dynamic system to a client application outside the original modeling environment is provided. A designer of the system model is provided with a way to select internal signals of the system model in order to expose those internal signals to other computer applications external to the modeling environment. Such computer applications are then able to access the internal signals by way of interfacing software while the system model is being exercised within the modeling environment, or while a software model based on the system model is executed outside of that environment.

Abstract: A method for automatically decomposing a dynamic system model into separate submodels for ultimate execution on diverse target platforms is provided. Embodiments of the invention provide a way for a system designer to indicate which portions of a previously-specified system model are to become submodels. Optionally, the designer may also indicate the associated target platform for the execution of each submodel. A system submodel for each portion designated by the designer is generated, keeping all critical system-level information consistent throughout the entire system model. Each of these system submodels may then be employed to generate a software version of each system submodel. Each software submodel may then be transferred to its specified target platform and executed in cooperation with the other software submodels to effect an overall system simulation executing across the associated target platforms.

Abstract: A method for generating a software model of a dynamic system takes as input a preliminary software model of the system. Normally, the preliminary software model is based on a system model that is generated by a system designer within a modeling environment. Generally speaking, the preliminary software model does not allow access to the internal variables of the system model from outside the modeling environment, but nonetheless may be executed on a computer platform in the absence of the modeling environment. Interface software is then produced which exposes the internal variables of the system model. The resulting software model, built from both the preliminary software model and the interface software, allows programmatic access to its internal variables, and potentially allows execution control, from outside the modeling environment, thus typically enhancing detailed simulation of the system model beyond the capabilities provided by the modeling environment.

Abstract: A non-destructive method for quantifying the hydrogen content or a hydrogen-bearing constituent in a material is based on the principle of moderating neutron spectroscopy. This technique is particularly suited for analyzing materials containing the high scattering/capture cross-section element of hydrogen. The method involves exposing a neutron moderator to a beam of radiation comprising neutrons and measuring thermal neutron intensities at a plurality of locations in the moderator. These measured intensities reflect the energy distribution of the beam of radiation incident upon the moderator. Thus, by measuring these intensities with the material present, and comparing these intensities to a model, to those of a composition standard(s), or combinations thereof, the hydrogen content of the material is quantified. Furthermore, the hydrogen-bearing constituent of the material is quantified by knowing or estimating the chemical or molecular structure of the material.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating skin disorders includes delivering to a mammal a composition containing a compound of formula I, or tautomers thereof, in a regimen, wherein formula I is: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inducing contraception which includes delivering to a female a composition containing a compound of formula I or formula II, or tautomers thereof, in a regimen which involves delivering one or more of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, wherein formula I is: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating skin disorders includes delivering to a mammal a composition containing a compound of formula I, or tautomers thereof, in a regimen, wherein formula I is: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inducing contraception which includes delivering to a female a composition containing a compound of formula I, or tautomers thereof, in a regimen which involves delivering one or more of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, wherein formula I is: 1

Abstract: Described herein are N′-acylated derivatives of desleucylA82846B. The compounds are useful as antibacterial agents.

Abstract: Compounds having Formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, are useful for treating pathological states which arise from or are exacerbated by angiogenesis. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to methods of inhibiting angiogenesis in a mammal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing the quantum efficiency of a photomultiplier tube by providing a photocathode with an increased surface-to-volume ratio. The photocathode includes a transparent substrate, upon one major side of which is formed one or more large aspect-ratio structures, such as needles, cones, fibers, prisms, or pyramids. The large aspect-ratio structures are at least partially composed of a photoelectron emitting material, i.e., a material that emits a photoelectron upon absorption of an optical photon. The large aspect-ratio structures may be substantially composed of the photoelectron emitting material (i.e., formed as such upon the surface of a relatively flat substrate) or be only partially composed of a photoelectron emitting material (i.e., the photoelectron emitting material is coated over large aspect-ratio structures formed from the substrate material itself.

Abstract: A non-destructive method for quantifying the hydrogen content or a hydrogen-bearing constituent in a material is disclosed. The method is based on the principle of moderating neutron spectroscopy which is particularly suited for analyzing materials containing the high scattering/capture cross-section element of hydrogen. The method comprises the steps of exposing a neutron moderator to a beam of radiation comprising neutrons and measuring thermal neutron intensities at a plurality of locations in the moderator. These measured intensities reflect the energy distribution of the beam of radiation incident upon the moderator. Thus, by measuring these intensities with the material present, and comparing these intensities to a model, to those of a composition standard(s), or combinations thereof, the hydrogen content of the material is quantified. Furthermore, the hydrogen-bearing constituent of the material is quantified by knowing or estimating the chemical or molecular structure of the material.

Abstract: An exhaust control device for use with a circuit interrupter includes a casing having a first expansion chamber and a second expansion chamber that are operationally disposed upstream of a heat sink and a damper, with the second expansion chamber being in fluid communication with the first expansion chamber and being in register with an inlet of the casing. The first expansion chamber extends between the inlet and the heat sink. The heat sink is a porous member that is annular in cross-section and includes a central cavity formed therein, the second expansion chamber being disposed in the central cavity. The first and second expansion chambers are configured to separate a blast of gases from the circuit interrupter into first and second pressure waves that sequentially travel through the heat sink and the damper, which reduces the peak intensity of the blast, extends its duration, and reduces its ionization level.

Abstract: A non-destructive method for quantifying the hydrogen content or a hydrogen-bearing constituent in a material. Moderating neutron spectroscopy is particularly suited for analyzing materials containing the high scattering/capture cross-section element of hydrogen. A neutron moderator is exposed to a beam of neutron radiation and the thermal neutron intensities at a number of locations in the moderator are then measured. The measured intensities reflect the energy distribution of the radiation beam incident upon the moderator. By measuring intensities with the material present and comparing the intensities to a model, or to those of a composition standard(s), the hydrogen content of the material is quantified. The hydrogen-bearing constituent of the material may be further quantified by knowing or estimating the chemical or molecular structure of the material.

Abstract: A system for controlling the amount data downloaded from a server to a terminal over a network. The terminal comprises a browser and a client proxy the function of which is to communicate to the web server requests for information on the size of text data and image data in web pages requested by the browser and to retrieve the text and images associated with the web pages provided that this would not cause certain user defined data download limits to be exceeded. The client proxy is arranged so that a user may select that it automatically performs a partial download of web page data if it determines that a complete download of the data would result in a user defined data limit being exceeded or if such a determination is made that the client proxy downloads no data at all.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus for detecting ionizing radiation, having: a waveguide having a first end and a second end, the waveguide formed of a scintillator material wherein the therapeutic ionizing radiation isotropically generates scintillation light signals within the waveguide. This apparatus provides a measure of radiation dose. The apparatus may be modified to permit making a measure of location of radiation dose. Specifically, the scintillation material is segmented into a plurality of segments; and a connecting cable for each of the plurality of segments is used for conducting scintillation signals to a scintillation detector.

Abstract: An exhaust control device for use with a circuit interrupter includes a casing having a first expansion chamber and a second expansion chamber that are operationally disposed upstream of a heat sink and a damper, with the second expansion chamber being in fluid communication with the first expansion chamber and being in register with an inlet of the casing. The first expansion chamber extends between the inlet and the heat sink. The heat sink is a porous member that is annular in cross-section and includes a central cavity formed therein, the second expansion chamber being disposed in the central cavity. The first and second expansion chambers are configured to separate a blast of gases from the circuit interrupter into first and second pressure waves that sequentially travel through the heat sink and the damper, which reduces the peak intensity of the blast, extends its duration, and reduces its ionization level.