Abstract: A sanitary product disposal container includes a container housing having a movable housing top cover. A cover hinge assembly allows the top cover to pivot between open and closed positions. Accordingly, a used feminine hygiene product may be placed in the interior space of the container housing in the open position of the housing top cover while minimizing touching the container housing to open the housing top cover. The housing may be selectively opened to facilitate removal of the used feminine hygiene products from the interior space all without exposure to the used products or the escape of unpleasant odors.

Abstract: A multi-mode transmitter architecture is configurable for multiple modulation modes using either polar or polar-lite modulation. Multiplexed signal paths and reconfigurable components are controlled for performance in GMSK and EDGE burst modes. Polar-lite EDGE modulation is programmed by setting a multiplexer coupling a first amplitude modulated signal path with a frequency modulated signal path input to a dual-mode power amplifier for amplification of the combined EDGE transmission signal. In full-polar EDGE modulation, amplitude modulated signal is multiplexed into a second amplitude modulated signal path for A/D conversion and comparison with a polar feedback signal coupled from the power amplifier output. The resulting comparison is applied to a power control port of the power amplifier to amplitude modulate the EDGE transmission output. Multiplexers are configured to disconnect the amplitude modulated paths when operating in GMSK signaling for both full-polar and polar-lite modulation.

Abstract: A common mode choke may include a generally rectangular body including bottom and top ferrite portions, at least one pair of laterally spaced apart interior conductors between the bottom and top ferrite portions and extending between the first and second ends of the generally rectangular body, and a dielectric material layer between the bottom and top ferrite portions. Moreover, the dielectric material layer may also extend laterally between the at least one pair of interior conductors and may also at least partially encapsulate the at least one pair of interior conductors at portions thereof opposite at least one of the bottom and top ferrite portions. The choke may also include end conductors on the opposite ends of the generally rectangular body and connected to the interior conductors. A compact footprint is provided for the common mode choke while maintaining a high level of electrical performance.

Abstract: A sonde is movable lengthwise in and relative to tubular structure such as a drill collar; slits extend through the tubular structure; and antennae coils on the sonde come into registration with the slits, for transmitting electromagnetic energy into the underground formation via certain slits, and for receiving such transmitted energy back through other of the slits, for processing.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved logging apparatus. The logging apparatus includes transmitters, receivers, and a controller member. The controller member is utilized to selectively energize the transmitters to generate an interrogation signal. The receivers are utilized to obtain measurements of the interrogation signal. The controller member can be utilized to substantially simultaneously process the recorded samples--such as by mathematically combining a plurality of measurements in order to obtain a measure of an attribute value which relates to at least one of the wellbore and surrounding formation.

Abstract: A logging-while-drilling system is disclosed which includes a pair of receiving antenna disposed between upper and lower transmitting antenna. The upper and lower transmitting antenna are energized successively to generate an electromagnetic wave which propagates through the formation surrounding the borehole. The amplitude attenuation and phase shift of the electromagnetic wave between the receiving antenna is measured. Measurements from both the upper and lower transmitting antenna can be combined to eliminate by cancellation system error components. In order to further improve the performance of the logging-while-drilling system, separate and dedicated driver circuits are provided proximate each transmitter. In addition, reference signals which are utilized to coordinate and synchronize the operation of the various components of the logging-while-drilling system are provided at frequencies which are substantially different from the interrogation frequency of the electromagnetic interrogation signal.

Abstract: A well logging apparatus and method for measuring the resistivity of the formation surrounding a borehole is disclosed. The invention provides two transmitting antennas arranged around a housing means or drill collar in spaced relation from one another. A transmitting circuit alternately supplies an oscillating drive signal to each transmitting antenna with a sufficiently high frequency such that one and then the other of the transmitting antennas radiates an electromagnetic wave signal which propagates through the formation. Two receiving antennas are located equally spaced between the transmitting antennas to produce pick-up signals from the electromagnetic wave propagating through the formation. Each receiving antenna includes a single turn coil connected in series with a capacitor to provide a reduced impedance circuit to resonate in the frequency region embracing the oscillating drive signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring formation parameters by transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals by antennas disposed in recesses in a tubular housing member and including apparatus for reducing the coupling of electrical noise into the system resulting from conducting elements located adjacent the recesses and housing. More particularly, a method and apparatus employing electrostatic, but not magnetic, shielding of the low impedance antenna systems and inductive signal coupling to enhance the signal at the receiver is disclosed. This system is capable of measuring formation parameters in the presence of conducting bodies, e.g., the drill string, permitting incorporation of the apparatus in a measuring while drilling (MWD) logging system. In a particular embodiment, high frequency electromagnetic energy is used to measure formation resistivity.

Abstract: An electrode insulated from and mounted to the outside of a drill collar in a drill string positioned in a borehole is used for measuring formation spontaneous potential. A current measuring device, such as an ammeter, is connected through a varible ammeter resistor and a switch between the electrode and the drill collar. The ammeter measures current flow from the formation along the walls of the borehole to the drill string to determine the spontaneous potential of the formation at various points along the borehole while it is being drilled. The switch in the ammeter circuit is interrupted at a pre-selected rate and the ammeter current signal is connected through a lock-in amplifier to cancel random noise in the signal and produce an accurate measurement of the very small currents flowing between the electrode and the drill collar. The currents are indicative of spontaneous potentials in the formation.

Abstract: A dielectric well logging system is provided to determine dielectric constant and resistivity in formations invaded by water to determine oil and water saturations of the formations. Plural transmitters are activated in a time division multiplex manner and sensed by receiver coils. The amplitude ratio and phase difference between the signals sensed by the receiver coils are then used to determine dielectric constant and resistivity which may then be used to determine invasion characteristics.

Abstract: Connectors for electrically coupling conductors wherein the connection is effected by current coupling are disclosed. Each connector includes a toroidal coil and a housing member. The connection is accomplished by aligning the toroidal coils generally parallel and closing the housing members to provide a generally toroidal conductive path enclosing the paired coils. Cable segments extending along tubular members may end in electrical connectors at both ends of the tubular members so that a pipe string may be assembled to include a sequence of cable segments interconnected by current coupling transformers.

Abstract: A high permeability ferrite core, which includes a gap between adjacent ends thereof, is combined with a magnetic coil encircling the core, and is located in a sub positioned in the drill string just above the drill bit of a borehole drilling rig. The core is positioned so that the gap thereof lies across a recess region formed in the outer wall of the sub. Drilling fluids flow along the outer surface of the sub on the return path from the drill bit to the mud pits located at the surface of the borehole. A constant current, or voltage, at a frequency within the range of 20 KHz-20 MHz is applied to the terminals of the coil encircling the core and the eddy currents developed in the gap region produce a measurable back emf at the coil terminals. The current produced by this emf voltage is indicative of the resistivity of the drilling fluid within the recess region in the wall of the sub and the fluctuations of the voltage accurately follow the variations in drilling fluid resistivity.

Abstract: Transmitting and receiving coils for radio frequency (RF) dielectric well logging are shielded in copper enclosures to substantially remove unwanted electrostatic or capacitive signals introduced by the conductive fluids in the well bore.

Abstract: A crude oil production stream analyzer includes a device which measures the dielectric constant of the crude oil production stream and provides a signal corresponding thereto. A densitometer provides a density signal representative of the density of the crude oil production stream. At least one constituent of the crude oil production stream is determined in accordance with the dielectric constant signal and the density signal and the temperature of the crude oil production stream which is sensed by a temperature sensor.

Abstract: A wireline logging system for measuring formation resistivity includes a longitudinal housing having three transmitters and three receivers arranged at measured distances on the housing, with about four feet between the outermost ends of the array. The transmitters are operated at three different frequencies, with each receiver receiving all three frequencies. The output of each receiver is the three received frequencies, which is amplified and fed to a mixer. A local oscillator frequency is also fed to each mixer. The output from each mixer of the three received frequencies mixed with a local frequency is passed through a filter to output one of the three received signals at a lower frequency. The frequency mix is arranged so that the output of each of the filters is at a common frequency.

Abstract: An improvement to dipmeter logs has very closely spaced radio frequency sensor coils mounted in pairs in each of the formation contacting pads. A transmitter mounted in a sonde emits the radio frequency energy, such as in the range of from two to one hundred megahertz. The phase difference in radio frequency signals between receiver coil pairs in each pad is measured, providing improved data resolution for computing formation dip, and making possible dip measurements in wells drilled with oil base mud or air (invert type muds).

Abstract: The salt content of a fluid in a pipeline or container in petroleum producing or refining operations is determined by obtaining a measure of water cut of an oil-water-free gas fluid mixture. The conductivity of the fluid is measured by radio frequency (RF) induction techniques, while the density of the fluid is measured and related to the liquid phase fraction of the fluid using gamma radiation techniques. The conductivity and liquid phase fraction are then used to determine salt content of the liquid phase.

Abstract: A dielectric well logging system has its coils aligned radially, rather than in alignment, with respect to the longitudinal axis of a sonde which moves the coils through a borehole. Improved shielding is also provided. The coils have different and improved response characteristics.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein includes methods and apparatus for determining true formation resistivity, flushed zone resistivity and invasion diameter of the earth formation in the vicinity of a well borehole. A radio frequency electromagnetic field in the frequency range from 800 kilohertz to 4 megahertz is generated in a borehole and the electromagnetic field is detected at a plurality of longitudinally spaced locations. Measurements of the attenuation and propagation velocity of the electromagnetic wave at the longitudinally spaced receivers may then be interpreted according to predetermined relationships in terms of the formation resistivity, flushed zone resistivity and invasion diameter surrounding the borehole.

Abstract: A system operating at radio frequencies in the range of 10 MHZ to 60 MHZ is provided for simultaneously determining the resistivity and dielectric constant of earth formations in the vicinity of a well bore. A transmitter coil and two longitudinally spaced receiver coils are provided in the system. Circuit means for measuring the unnormalized amplitude ratio and the relative phase shift of electromagnetic waves at the spaced receiver coils are provided. A relationship is given whereby the formation dielectric constant and resistivity may be obtained from the amplitude ratio and relative phase shift measurements.