Abstract: An integrated circuit interconnect level including a lower metallization line vertically spaced from upper metallization lines. Lower metallization lines may be self-aligned to upper metallization lines enabling increased metallization line width without sacrificing line density for a given interconnect level. Combinations of upper and lower metallization lines within an interconnect metallization level may be designed to control intra-layer resistance/capacitance of integrated circuit interconnect. Dielectric material between two adjacent co-planar metallization lines may be recessed or deposited selectively to the metallization lines. Supplemental metallization may then be deposited and planarized. A top surface of the supplemental metallization may either be recessed to form lower metallization lines between upper metallization lines, or planarized with dielectric material to form upper metallization lines between lower metallization lines.

Abstract: A warming drawer for mounting within a cabinet capable of maintaining the temperature in the warming drawer at one of a proofing temperature, a warming temperature, and a slow cooking temperature. The warming drawer can also comprise a housing having opposing side walls and at least one spacer extending from each of the side walls to space the side walls from the cabinet when the warming drawer is mounted within the cabinet to form dead air spaces between the side walls and the cabinet.

Abstract: A warming drawer for mounting within a cabinet capable of maintaining the temperature in the warming drawer at one of a proofing temperature, a warming temperature, and a slow cooking temperature. The warming drawer can also comprise a housing having opposing side walls and at least one spacer extending from each of the side walls to space the side walls from the cabinet when the warming drawer is mounted within the cabinet to form dead air spaces between the side walls and the cabinet.

Abstract: A portable, battery-operated AC electromagnetic yoke for detecting surface defects in ferrous materials by employing an AC magnetic field. The yoke includes a circuit that produces a quasi AC square wave voltage. The resulting AC magnetic field is the required inspection method of common practice and is capable of demagnetizing upon completion of inspection. A first bank of batteries supplies approximately sixty volts positive DC and a second bank of batteries supplies approximately sixty volts negative DC to power transistors that are in electrical communication with the yoke. Logic circuitry is employed to switch the respective banks of batteries on and off to simulate an AC circuit. The logic circuit includes a clock for generating pulses that are fed to a phase splitter circuit and to a delay and pulse shaping circuit. The respective outputs of those circuits are fed to logic gates that are in electrical communication with a voltage level shifting circuit that triggers the power drivers.

Abstract: A system for controlling the opening and closing operation of a sliding door wherein at least two presence sensing detectors are disposed effective to cast beams in overlapping relation to one another and extending across the pathway of the door to be controlled, and manual means or motion detecting detectors effective to provide for the initiation of movement of the door to open position. Furthermore programmed computer means are included in the system for the controlled sequencing and pulsing of the presence sensing beams in the opening and closing operation of the door.

Abstract: A hemodialysis system capable of operation in either a single needle mode or a double needle mode includes an arterial blood pump which is the sole blood pump in the system during the double needle mode. For single needle mode operation a venous blood pump is employed to return blood to the patient. A pump speed control adjusts the speed of the arterial pump in the double needle mode, and the speeds of both blood pumps in the single needle mode. A controller continuously operates the arterial pump in the double needle mode, and alternately activates the two pumps in the single needle mode. A module for modifying a commercially available double needle system for operation in either of the two modes is also described.

Abstract: Blood flowrate in a hemodialysis system is controlled in accordance with the relative speeds of two periodically operated blood pumps. Information as to the speeds of the two pumps is converted to flowrate information, which is used to determine the mean flowrate of blood through the system. The mean blood flowrate may be altered by changing the speeds of the blood pumps in a control system which maintains a constant ratio of pump speeds.

Abstract: Apparatus for scanning the interior of pipelines. The apparatus comprises a pig having an elongated body, a bogie assembly adapted to maintain the body in the center of a pipeline, and a seal assembly extending radially from the body and adapted so that the pig may be propelled by fluid flow through a pipeline. The pig further includes an on-board power supply coupled to the bogie assembly to provide and store electrical power for the pig. In addition, the pig includes an odometer, sensor and recording device powered by the power supply. The odometer is coupled to the bogie assembly and provides a motion signal representative of motion of the pig through a pipeline. The sensor includes a scanning ultrasonic surface wave exciter/transponder which generates a data signal representative of the interior condition of the pipeline. The recording device records the motion and data signals for subsequent analysis.

Abstract: Apparatus for scanning the interior of pipelines. The apparatus comprises a pig having an elongated body, a bogie assembly adapted to maintain the body in the center of a pipeline, and a seal assembly extending radially from the body and adapted so that the pig may be propelled by fluid flow through a pipeline. The pig further includes an on-board power supply coupled to the bogie assembly to provide and store electrical power for the pig. In addition, the pig includes an odometer, sensor and recording device powered by the power supply. The odometer is coupled to the bogie assembly and provides a motion signal representative of motion of the pig through a pipeline. The sensor includes a scanning ultrasonic surface wave exciter/transponder which generates a data signal representative of the interior condition of the pipeline. The recording device records the motion and data signals for subsequent analysis.

Abstract: 1. A reflectance modulator exhibiting an omni-azimuttal reflectance pattern comprising a microwave lens for focusing electromagnetic energy, a plurality of reflector means positioned on a focal surface of said lens and including a gaseous plasma, means for sequentially controlling the ionization level of said plasma to modulate the reflectance of said energy.