Abstract: In an apparatus for folding paper sacks to Z shape, co-operating scoring wheels are provided on both sides of the conveying plane of an inlet double belt conveyor consisting of individual double conveyor belts disposed at the ends of the articles. The scoring wheels are spaced apart by a distance equal to the desired spacings of the fold-lines of the Z folds and are mounted on pairs of shafts parallel to the roller shafts of the inlet conveyor. One of the individual belts adjoins a double conveyor belt which extends obliquely to the other and which is extended by a straight individual belt which, in relation to the inlet conveyor, is closer to the other individual belt by a distance equal to the shortening of the articles caused by the folding.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying suction air to a rotary applicator comprises suction rollers planetating about a central shaft. Each suction roller carries suckers arranged in an axial row and the shafts of which are mounted in spaced discs secured on the central shaft. Two control valve discs connect the conduits leading to the suckers to a conduit leading to a suction air pump over a zone corresponding to an approximate angle of rotation of 90.degree. of the discs. The first control valve disc is formed directly by one of the discs mounting the suction roller shafts and the second control valve disc is secured in the frame and held in sealing sliding contact with the disc.

Abstract: Non-uniform drive comprising a flywheel disc for balancing masses and a slide crank drive in which the crank pin is guided in a slideway provides for an adjustable spacing between the crank shaft and the shaft of the slideway. A second crank pin lies opposite the first crank pin at substantially the same spacing from the axis of the shaft of the slideway and drives the freely rotatable flywheel disc.

Abstract: In an apparatus for coiling flat workpieces arriving in overlapping formation on a conveyor onto a winding core to form a reel of overlapping workpieces, a pivoted frame carrying rollers for an endless driven belt is mounted so that the belt lies initially against the winding core and then against the convolutions of workpieces being coiled thereon. The frame is mounted on a pivot shaft which subdivides the frame into differently long lever arms, each carrying a roller for the belt. The ends of the winding core are mounted in parallel guides extending substantially along imaginary lines passing through the winding core axis and the axis of the roller on the shorter lever arm.

Abstract: In an apparatus for placing packets of tube sections in the stacking magazine of a rotary applicator, a pivotable arm is divided between the stacking magazine and conveyor belt for supplying the tube section packets. The arm carries a longitudinally displaceable supporting frame having rollers at its ends for an endless conveyor belt. The arm is pivotable between an upper packet-receiving station and a lower packet-discharging station and is provided with an abutment for retaining the packets on the supporting frame. A braking system engages the upper run of said belt between the abutment and the rear roller and releases same to receive the packets.

Abstract: In a bag-making machine comprising a tube-making device and a device parallel thereto for forming bases on flattened individual tube sections fed longitudinally from the tube-making device, an apparatus for deflecting the tube sections comprises spaced parallel double belt conveyors respectively leading to and from a transverse double belt conveyor. A first turning device transfers the tube sections from one of the parallel conveyors to the transverse conveyor so that they continue to be fed longitudinally and a second turning device ensures that the tube sections are fed transversely to the base-forming device.

Abstract: In a cylinder with replaceable shaped plates for applying a predetermined pattern of adhesive to webs of material, the cylindrical surface has at least two axially spaced recesses each containing a rocker arm pivoted about an axial shaft, one end of the arm carrying a gripper engaging over one margin of a pattern plate and its other end carrying a quick-release screw clamp for the opposite pattern plate margin.

Abstract: An adhesive applicator comprises a reservoir closed at the front by a driven applicator roller, sealing rollers which are drivable in mutually opposite directions and can be applied to the applicator roller, and doctor blades carried by sidewalls of the reservoir and acting on the sealing rollers.

Abstract: Apparatus for successively depositing sections severed from the leading end of a web of film on a support to form a stack in which the sections are staggered comprises an output shaft carrying two suction tubes or suction tube rows which engage a respective section and transfer it to the support as the output shaft is turned intermittently by interconnected crank arms from an input shaft which is horizontally offset from the output shaft and parallel thereto. The tubes or rows of tubes include an obtuse angle and are alternately revolved by the output shaft through the obtuse angle and the explement thereof.

Abstract: A continuous web unwinder comprising at least one operative station for an operative reel of web that is being unwound and one reserve station for a full reel comprises a direction-changing roller for the web unwound from the operative reel that, on depletion of the operative reel, is displaceable to the reserve station where it defines a nip together with a circulating belt for introducing an adhesive-coated leading end from the full reel.

Abstract: A web of bag-making material has folded rectangular sheets adhered at intervals to one face by one flap of each sheet before longitudinal margins of the web are folded over, stuck to the other flap of each sheet and joined where they overlap to define a tube, whereafter sections are severed from the tube to make bags to be formed with cross-bottom closures at the ends. The size and position of the folded sheets are such that each sheet will subsequently form an internal seal for the cross-bottom closure.

Abstract: Overlapping sheet articles on a first suction conveyor are intermittently diverted in groups by a lowerable second suction conveyor having a direction-changing roller which can be intermittently applied to the first conveyor and moved along therewith at the same speed and then returned.

Abstract: A web of bag-making material has longitudinally folded rectangular sheets adhered at intervals to one face by one flap before longitudinal margins of the web are folded over, stuck to the other flap of each sheet and joined where they overlap to define a tube, whereafter sections are severed from the tube to make bags to be formed with cross-bottom closures at the ends. The size and position of each folded sheet is such that it will subsequently form an internal seal for the respective cross-bottom closure but the sheet for the closure at one end is made as two longitudinally aligned segments of which one segment has been transversely pre-folded back onto itself to define a tab adjacent the edge of the other segment with the length of a subsequent filling valve for the bag. Following formation of the cross-bottom closures, the filling valve is formed by unfolding the pre-folded tab.

Abstract: In the production of sacks or bags provided with soldered bases, the correct folding of the bases is verified while the bags are being successively conveyed transversely to their longitudinal axes and while they are in a flattened condition with each folded base perpendicular to the remainder of the bag. Verification is effected by photocells activated by a cam plate of the bag-making machine. The photocells are electrically connected to circuits which compare certain dimensions of the bases with desired values therefor, a defective bag destined to be eliminated being indicated by a departure from the desired value.

Abstract: A machine for cutting or perforating webs of materials comprises a frame, a splined first shaft carrying a plurality of angularly spaced first tools and rotatable in the frame, a second shaft rotatable in the frame and parallel to the first shaft, supporting plates carried by the second shaft, a third shaft parallel to the first and second shafts and carrying a plurality of angularly spaced second tools for co-operating with the first tools, the third shaft being rotatable in the supporting plates eccentrically to the second shaft, a spur gear fixed to the third shaft, an intermediate gear in mesh with the spur gear loosely rotatable on one of the supporting plates, a central gear in mesh with the intermediate gear and mounted on the second shaft for rotation relatively to the supporting plates, a lever fixed to the central gear, an entrainment bolt on the lever selectively insertable in one of a plurality of holes which are provided in a swing arm at the same angular spacing as the first tools, the swing arm

Abstract: A sheet applicator particularly suitable for bag-making machines comprises suction members controlled by a three-way valve to apply a vacuum to them at a sheet withdrawing station and atmospheric pressure when they have been reciprocated to a sheet releasing station. The valve comprises a first chamber communicating with atmospheric pressure and a second chamber of larger diameter than the first communicating with a source of vacuum, the chambers being alternately connected to the suction members by a valve plate displaceable between the chambers to close one of them and open the other. A spring acts on the valve plate with a force insufficient to displace it when it is closing the said second chamber but sufficient to hold it closed when it is closing the first chamber. Actual displacement of the valve plate is effected by a valve rod therefor striking abutments at the sheet withdrawing and sheet releasing stations.

Abstract: Cutting or perforating apparatus for a web of material enabling at least one knife on at least one rotary knife shaft to cut the web at adjustable intervals comprises mounting plates for the knife shaft that are fixed on a rotatable plate shaft. The knife shaft is driven by a central gear freely rotatable on the plate shaft. An operative connection between the plate shaft and control gear comprises a first gear fixed to the plate shaft and engaging a second gear rotatable on a fixed pin, a third gear rotatable on said pin and engaging a fourth gear fixed to said central gear. Said second and third gears are coupled by a mechanism comprising a first gear segment connected to said third gear and engaging a second gear segment secured to a freely rotatable pin eccentrically positioned on said second gear, said rotatable pin also carrying a slotted link slidable on a fixed projection.

Abstract: A sack made from a tube of plastics material has its bottom constructed by folding an end portion of the tube so as to form two coplanar substantially isosceles triangular flattened portions with spaced confronting bases defined by plain edges and sides defined by fold lines. The space between the bases is bridged by a strip of material that overlaps the bases of the triangles and also projects beyond the base angles of the triangles. The projecting ends of the strip are folded over and the strip is welded to the sack bottom by seams which intersect at the fold lines.

Abstract: Overlapping sheet articles continuously arriving on a belt conveyor are separated into groups by brake bands which are intermittently pressed against respective rails disposed between the belts substantially flush with the conveying runs. The brake bands lie loosely on the sheet articles which pass thereunder unimpeded until they are to be temporarily halted, which is done by successively lowering a plurality of weights on the brake bands starting at the leading ends of the brake bands.

Abstract: Sacks are successively filled and closed in an automatic process by suspending each sack from near the mouth and spreading the side walls apart, filling the sack, allowing it to settle on a support while keeping the side walls taut, bringing the side walls together near the mouth and folding them over onto themselves, welding a closure tape over the folded-over portion and the adjoining unfolded portion of the sack, crimping the unfilled upper part of the sack and gathering it to form a frill, and applying a clamping ring beneath the frill.