Abstract: Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal composition which upon contact with a salt water (e.g., saline) composition, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be provided adjacent to or surrounding the heat engine that includes an impermeable material (e.g., impermeable to water and/or air or other gas), which includes one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure directs water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad.

Abstract: A combustible charcoal igniting device may include first elongate grid members generally parallel to one another when the device is in an uncollapsed configuration and second elongate grid members generally parallel to one another and transverse relative to the first elongate grid members when the device is in the uncollapsed configuration. The first and second elongate grid members define chimney cells on or above which charcoal briquets may be placed for ignition. The elongate grid members may comprise a combustible material that can be ignited and that will continue to bum, igniting charcoal briquets placed on the chimney cells. The first elongate grid members may include creases that align with one another, so that the device is collapsible from opposed sides towards a crease line defined by the creases to reduce the length of the device when in a collapsed configuration.

Abstract: Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal composition which upon contact with a salt water (e.g., saline) composition, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be provided adjacent to or surrounding the heat engine that includes an impermeable material (e.g., impermeable to water and/or air or other gas), which includes one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure directs water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad.

Abstract: Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal oxide which upon contact with water, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be provided adjacent to or surrounding the heat engine that includes an impermeable material (e.g., impermeable to water and/or air or other gas), which includes one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure directs water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad.

Abstract: Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal composition which upon contact with a salt water (e.g., saline) composition, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be provided adjacent to or surrounding the heat engine that includes an impermeable material (e.g., impermeable to water and/or air or other gas), which includes one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure directs water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad.

Abstract: Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal oxide which upon contact with water, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be provided adjacent to or surrounding the heat engine that includes an impermeable material (e.g., impermeable to water and/or air or other gas), which includes one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure directs water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad.

Abstract: A combustible charcoal igniting device may include first elongate grid members generally parallel to one another when the device is in an uncollapsed configuration and second elongate grid members generally parallel to one another and transverse relative to the first elongate grid members when the device is in the uncollapsed configuration. The first and second elongate grid members define chimney cells on or above which charcoal briquets may be placed for ignition. The elongate grid members may comprise a combustible material that can be ignited and that will continue to bum, igniting charcoal briquets placed on the chimney cells. The first elongate grid members may include creases that align with one another, so that the device is collapsible from opposed sides towards a crease line defined by the creases to reduce the length of the device when in a collapsed configuration.

Abstract: A combustible charcoal igniting device may include first elongate grid members generally parallel to one another when the device is in an uncollapsed configuration and second elongate grid members generally parallel to one another and transverse relative to the first elongate grid members when the device is in the uncollapsed configuration. The first and second elongate grid members define chimney cells on or above which charcoal briquets may be placed for ignition. The elongate grid members may comprise a combustible material that can be ignited and that will continue to burn, igniting charcoal briquets placed on the chimney cells. The first elongate grid members may include creases that align with one another, so that the device is collapsible from opposed sides towards a crease line defined by the creases to reduce the length of the device when in a collapsed configuration.

Abstract: A combustible charcoal igniting device may include first elongate grid members generally parallel to one another when the device is in an uncollapsed configuration and second elongate grid members generally parallel to one another and transverse relative to the first elongate grid members when the device is in the uncollapsed configuration. The first and second elongate grid members define chimney cells on or above which charcoal briquets may be placed for ignition. The elongate grid members may comprise a combustible material that can be ignited and that will continue to burn, igniting charcoal briquets placed on the chimney cells. The first elongate grid members may include creases that align with one another, so that the device is collapsible from opposed sides towards a crease line defined by the creases to reduce the length of the device when in a collapsed configuration.

Abstract: Vaccine adjuvant food nanoemulsion compositions comprising a food safe nonionic surfactant, a hydrophobic food flavorant (e.g., an essential oil), a kosmotrope, and water. The nanoemulsion composition can be used as a vaccine adjuvant composition to enhance inactivated antigens, including protein antigens. Such compositions may be delivered as a nasal or oral spray. The compositions may inherently contain natural antimicrobials and antioxidants and are advantageous over other compositions which often require preservatives, flavorings and antimicrobials.

Abstract: An improved LED lead frame packaging assembly includes a thermally conducting, electrically insulating material that enhances the thermal conduction and structural integrity of the assembly, a UV-resistant encapsulantmaterial, and an integral ESD material that reduces electrostatic discharge. The thermally conducting, electrically insulating material creates an electrically insulating, thermally conductive path in the lead frame assembly for dissipation of power and also acts as a mounting structure thus allowing for the use of a soft encapsulant material, preferably a silicone.

Abstract: The multistage process for the chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) of Cu commences with forming a primary aqueous or non-aqueous (e.g., using alcohols and ketones as non-aqueous carriers) slurry from (i) between about 0 and 7 wt-% of an oxidizer, (ii) between 0 and 7 wt-% of a chelating agent, (iii) between about 0 and 5 wt-% of a surfactant, (iv) between about 0.001 and 5 wt-% diamond particles having an average particle size not substantially above about 0.4 &mgr;, and (v) an amount of a pH adjustment agent so that the aqueous slurry has a pH of between about 3 and 10, and advantageously about 5). The Cu of the semiconductor wafer then is subjected to CMP using the primary aqueous slurry and then is subjected to a cleaning operation. Next, a secondary aqueous slurry from (i) between about 0 and 5 wt-% of an a hydroxyl amine compound, (ii) between about 0 and 7 wt-% of a chelating agent, (iii) between about 0 and 5 wt-% of a surfactant, (iv) between about 0.

Abstract: The multistage process for the chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) of Cu commences with forming a primary aqueous or non-aqueous (e.g., using alcohols and ketones as non-aqueous carriers) slurry from (i) between about 0 and 7 wt-% of an oxidizer, (ii) between 0 and 7 wt-% of one or more of a complexing agent or a passivating agent, (iii) between about 0 and 5 wt-% of a surfactant, (iv) between about 0.001 and 5 wt-% diamond particles having an average particle size not substantially above about 0.4 &mgr;m, and (v) an amount of a pH adjustment agent so that the aqueous slurry has a pH of between about 3 and 10, and advantageously about 5). The Cu of the semiconductor wafer then is subjected to CMP using the primary aqueous slurry and then is subjected to a cleaning operation. Next, a secondary aqueous slurry from (i) between about 0 and 7 wt-% of one or more a complexing agent or a passivating agent, (ii) between about 0 and 5 wt-% of a surfactant, (iii) between about 0.

Abstract: Fluorescent brightening compounds increase the apparent color intensity or shine of cosmetic compositions.