Abstract: This invention relates to a novel method and a device for quantitative concentration measurements of protein bound and middle sized uremic toxins and advanced glycation end-products in the biological fluids, preferably in the spent dialysate. Invention combines unique spectral ranges of fluorescence and absorption to determine concentration of uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulphate, beta-2-microglobulin and 4-pyridoxic acid in a way that provides significantly higher precision than previously known solutions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel method and a device for determining middle and protein bound uremic toxins in the biological fluids. More specifically, the present invention relates to an optical method utilizing fluorescence, preferable fluorescence of the spent dialysate, and a specific model, including a unique set of optical spectral components at certain wavelengths, to determine, preferable on-line, the concentration of the middle and protein bound uremic toxins such as beta2-microglobulin (B2M), and indoxyl sulfate (IS).

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel method and a device for determining middle and protein bound uremic toxins in the biological fluids. More specifically, the present invention relates to an optical method utilizing fluorescence, preferable fluorescence of the spent dialysate, and a specific model, including a unique set of optical spectral components at certain wavelengths, to determine, preferable on-line, the concentration of the middle and protein bound uremic toxins such as beta2-microglobulin (B2M), and indoxyl sulfate (IS).

Abstract: A remote indication compass, a sensor of which is formed by a magnetic compass (1) and magnetoresistive sensors (2) attached thereto, by means of which sensors the field created by the magnetic compass is measured. The signal of the sensors is analogous as well as cyclic with respect to the angle between the fastening plate of the sensors and the northern direction indicated by the magnetic compass, the length of a cycle being 360.degree.. The angle between the sensors is selected in such a manner that the flat areas of the signals do not coincide.The sensor signals are amplified and digitalized and scaled. The determination of direction is carried out by comparing the sensor readings to tabulated sensor readings corresponding to different directions or alternatively by comparing the ratio of the sensor readings to the ratios of the tabulated sensor readings. The direction data so obtained is further corrected by means of a deviation correction table created in the operating condition and stored in a memory.