Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by defibrinating whole blood and then filtering the defibrinated whole blood, whereby at least a portion of a plasma component is separated from the red blood cells to form a suspension of red blood cells, thereby purifying the red blood cells. Whole blood is defibrinated by, for example, using a chemical coagulating agent or mechanical agitation. Separation of the plasma component from red blood cells can be completed by, for example, diafiltration. The suspension of red blood cells can then be employed to produce a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The method for preserving the deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute comprises maintaining the deoxygenated blood substitute in an oxygen barrier film overwrap package, wherein at least one face of the overwrap package comprises a transparent laminate material and wherein at least one other face of the overwrap package comprises a foil laminate material. The preserved deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute comprises a deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute and an oxygen barrier film overwrap package wherein at least one face of the overwrap package comprises a transparent laminate material and wherein at least one other face of the overwrap package comprises a foil laminate material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The method for preserving the deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute comprises maintaining the deoxygenated blood substitute in an oxygen barrier film overwrap package, wherein at least one face of the overwrap package comprises a transparent laminate material and wherein at least one other face of the overwrap package comprises a foil laminate material. The preserved deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute comprises a deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute and an oxygen barrier film overwrap package wherein at least one face of the overwrap package comprises a transparent laminate material and wherein at least one other face of the overwrap package comprises a foil laminate material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The method for preserving a deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute comprises maintaining the deoxygenated hemoglobin blood substitute in an oxygen barrier film overwrap package. In one embodiment, the package comprises a transparent laminate material comprising an oxygen barrier layer and a polyolefin layer, wherein the laminant has a thickness of between about 0.001 and about 0.01 inches (or about 0.0254 to about 0.254 millimeters) and an oxygen permeability of less than about 0.01 cubic centimeters per 100 square inches (or about 0.01 cc per 645 square centimeters) over 24 hours at 1 atmosphere and at about 23° C. The oxygen barrier layer comprises ethylene vinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by defibrinating whole blood and then filtering the defibrinated whole blood, whereby at least a portion of a plasma component is separated from the red blood cells to form a suspension of red blood cells, thereby purifying the red blood cells. Whole blood is defibrinated by, for example, using a chemical coagulating agent or mechanical agitation. Separation of the plasma component from red blood cells can be completed by, for example, diafiltration. The suspension of red blood cells can then be employed to produce a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by separating whole blood, such as by centrifugation, to form a red blood cell fraction and a liquid fraction. The whole blood can be defibrinated or treated to prevent coagulation prior to separation. Preferably, the whole blood is bovine blood. The red blood cell fraction is then diafiltered to purify the red blood cells. The purified red blood cells can then be lysed to form a lysate of purified red blood cells. The purified red blood cells and the lysate of purified red blood cells are suitable for use in producing hemoglobin blood substitute.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by defibrinating whole blood and then filtering the defibrinated whole blood, whereby at least a portion of a plasma component is separated from the red blood cells to form a suspension of red blood cells, thereby purifying the red blood cells. Whole blood is defibrinated by, for example, using a chemical coagulating agent or mechanical agitation. Separation of the plasma component from red blood cells can be completed by, for example, diafiltration. The suspension of red blood cells can then be employed to produce a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

Abstract: A method for separating unmodified hemoglobin from cross-linked hemoglobin in a hemoglobin solution. The method involves contacting the hemoglobin solution with a least one dissociating agent to form a dissociation solution wherein unmodified tetrameric hemoglobin is dissociated to form hemoglobin dimers. The hemoglobin dimers are then separated from the dissociation solution, while retaining the cross-linked hemoglobin in the dissociation solution.

Abstract: A method for separating unmodified hemoglobin from cross-linked hemoglobin in a hemoglobin solution. The method involves contacting the hemoglobin solution with a least one dissociating agent to form a dissociation solution wherein unmodified tetrameric hemoglobin is dissociated to form hemoglobin dimers. The hemoglobin dimers are then separated from the dissociation solution, while retaining the cross-linked hemoglobin in the dissociation solution.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by separating whole blood, such as by centrifugation, to form a red blood cell fraction and a liquid fraction. The whole blood can be defibrinated or treated to prevent coagulation prior to separation. Preferably, the whole blood is bovine blood. The red blood cell fraction is then diafiltered to purify the red blood cells. The purified red blood cells can then be lysed to form a lysate of purified red blood cells. The purified red blood cells and the lysate of purified red blood cells are suitable for use in producing hemoglobin blood substitute.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The invention also involves a method for producing a stable polymerized hemoglobin blood-substitute from blood. The method of this invention includes mixing blood with an anticoagulant to form a blood solution, washing the red blood cells in the blood solution and then separating the washed red blood cells from the white blood cells. This method also includes disrupting the red blood cells to release hemoglobin and form a hemoglobin solution, which is then treated by high performance liquid chromatography to form a hemoglobin eluate. The hemoglobin eluate is then deoxygenated, contacted with a first sulfhydryl compound to form an oxidation-stabilized deoxygenated hemoglobin solution, and mixed with a cross-linking agent to form a polymerization reaction mixture, which is then polymerized.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by defibrinating whole blood and then filtering the defibrinated whole blood, whereby at least a portion of a plasma component is separated from the red blood cells to form a suspension of red blood cells, thereby purifying the red blood cells. Whole blood is defibrinated by, for example, using a chemical coagulating agent or mechanical agitation. Separation of the plasma component from red blood cells can be completed by, for example, diafiltration. The suspension of red blood cells can then be employed to produce a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by defibrinating whole blood and then filtering the defibrinated whole blood, whereby at least a portion of a plasma component is separated from the red blood cells to form a suspension of red blood cells, thereby purifying the red blood cells. Whole blood is defibrinated by, for example, using a chemical coagulating agent or mechanical agitation. Separation of the plasma component from red blood cells can be completed by, for example, diafiltration. The suspension of red blood cells can then be employed to produce a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by defibrinating whole blood and then filtering the defibrinated whole blood, whereby at least a portion of a plasma component is separated from the red blood cells to form a suspension of red blood cells, thereby purifying the red blood cells. Whole blood is defibrinated by, for example, using a chemical coagulating agent or mechanical agitation. Separation of the plasma component from red blood cells can be completed by, for example, diafiltration. The suspension of red blood cells can then be employed to produce a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The invention also involves a method for producing a stable polymerized hemoglobin blood-substitute from blood. The method of this invention includes mixing blood with an anticoagulent to form a blood solution, washing the red blood cells in the blood solution and then separating the washed red blood cells from the white blood cells. This method also includes disrupting the red blood cells to release hemoglobin and form a hemoglobin solution, which is then treated by high performance liquid chromatography to form a hemoglobin eluate. The hemoglobin eluate is then deoxygenated, contacted with a first sulfhydryl compound to form an oxidation-stabilized deoxygenated hemoglobin solution, and mixed with a cross-linking agent to form a polymerization reaction mixture, which is then polymerized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The invention also involves a method for producing a stable polymerized hemoglobin blood-substitute from blood. The method of this invention includes mixing blood with an anticoagulent to form a blood solution, washing the red blood cells in the blood solution and then separating the washed red blood cells from the white blood cells. This method also includes disrupting the red blood cells to release hemoglobin and form a hemoglobin solution, which is then treated by high performance liquid chromatography to form a hemoglobin eluate. The hemoglobin eluate is then deoxygenated, contacted with a first sulfhydryl compound to form an oxidation-stabilized deoxygenated hemoglobin solution, and mixed with a cross-linking agent to form a polymerization reaction mixture, which is then polymerized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preserving the stability of a hemoglobin blood substitute comprising maintaining the hemoglobin blood substitute in an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The invention also involves a method for producing a stable polymerized hemoglobin blood-substitute from blood. The method of this invention includes mixing blood with an anticoagulent to form a blood solution, washing the red blood cells in the blood solution and then separating the washed red blood cells from the white blood cells. This method also includes disrupting the red blood cells to release hemoglobin and form a hemoglobin solution, which is then treated by high performance liquid chromatography to form a hemoglobin eluate. The hemoglobin eluate is then deoxygenated, contacted with a first sulfhydryl compound to form an oxidation-stabilized deoxygenated hemoglobin solution, and mixed with with a cross-linking agent to form a polymerization reaction mixture, which is then polymerized.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified hemoglobin product includes loading a hemoglobin solution onto an anion exchange chromatography column. At least one tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane acetate buffer solution is injected into the column. The buffer solution has a pH lower than that of the column, whereby a purified hemoglobin product elutes from the column. In one embodiment, the hemoglobin solution initially can be equilibrated at a pH of greater than about 8.7. In another embodiment, contaminants can be removed by equilibrating the column with at least about eleven column void volumes of buffer solution at an intermediate pH of between about 8.2 and about 8.6, to thereby form a stepped pH gradient. In still another embodiment, all buffer solutions employed are tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane acetate.

Abstract: A method for producing a stable polymerized hemoglobin blood-substitute from blood. The method of this invention includes mixing blood with an anticoagulant to form a blood solution, washing the red blood cells in the blood solution and then separating the washed red blood cells from the white blood cells. This method also includes disrupting the red blood cells to release hemoglobin and form a hemoglobin solution, which is then treated by high performance liquid chromatography to form a hemoglobin eluate. The hemoglobin eluate is then deoxygenated, contacted with a first sulfhydryl compound to form an oxidation-stabilized deoxygenated hemoglobin solution, and mixed with a cross-linking agent to form a polymerization reaction mixture, which is then polymerized.

Abstract: A method for separating unmodified hemoglobin from cross-linked hemoglobin in a hemoglobin solution. The method involves contacting the hemoglobin solution with a least one dissociating agent to form a dissociation solution wherein unmodified tetrameric hemoglobin is dissociated to form hemoglobin dimers. The hemoglobin dimers are then separated from the dissociation solution, while retaining the cross-linked hemoglobin in the dissociation solution.