Abstract: Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising MOS transistors having gate electrodes (15, 16) formed in a number of metal layers (8, 9, 13; 8, 12, 13) deposited upon one another. In this method, active silicon regions (4, 5) provided with a layer of a gate dielectric (7) and field-isolation regions (6) insulating these regions with respect to each other are formed in a silicon body (1). Then, a layer off a first metal (8) is deposited in which locally, at the location of a part of the active regions (4), nitrogen is introduced. On the layer of the first metal, a layer of a second metal (13) is then deposited, after which the gate electrodes are etched in the metal layers. Before nitrogen is introduced into the first metal layer, an auxiliary layer of a third metal (9) which is permeable to nitrogen is deposited on the first metal layer. Thus, the first metal layer can be nitrided locally without the risk of damaging the underlying gate dielectric.

Abstract: Compositions of angiostatic agents for treating choroidal neovascularization resulting from ocular surgery or from trauma to ocular tissue and methods for their use are disclosed.

Abstract: Agents that stimulate nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein and the subsequent increases in gene products that detoxify and eliminate cytotoxic metabolites are provided in a method for treating glaucomatous retinopathy or optic neuropathy. The structurally diverse agents that act on the Nrf2/ARE pathway induce the expression of enzymes and proteins that possess chemically versatile cytoprotective properties and are a defense against toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. Agents include certain electrophiles and oxidants such as a Michael Addition acceptor, diphenol, thiocarbamate, quinone, 1,2-dithiole-3-thione, butylated hydroxyanisole, flavonoid, an isothiocyanate, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, ethoxyquin, a coumarin, combinations thereof, or a pharmacologically active derivative or analog thereof.

Abstract: Agents that stimulate nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein and the subsequent increases in gene products that detoxify and eliminate cytotoxic metabolites are provided in a method for treating diabetic retinopathy or drusen formation in age-related macular degeneration. The structurally diverse agents that act on the Nrf2/ARE pathway induce the expression of enzymes and proteins that possess chemically versatile cytoprotective properties and are a defense against toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. Agents include certain electrophiles and oxidants such as a Michael Addition acceptor, diphenol, thiocarbamate, quinone, 1,2-dithiole-3-thione, butylated hydroxyanisole, flavonoid other than genistein, an isothiocyanate, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, ethoxyquin, a coumarin, combinations thereof, or a pharmacologically active derivative or analog thereof.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention relates to a method for fabricating a semiconductor device having a semiconductor structure with a silicon region which forms at least one connection region in and/or on a surface of a substrate. The method comprises forming a metal cluster layer from a first, non-siliciding metal, followed by the deposition of a metal layer consisting of a second, siliciding metal. A subsequent heat treatment is responsible for forming a metal silicide from the second metal, the atoms of the first metal being displaced in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the substrate. According to one embodiment of the invention, the atoms of the first metal are displaced by the Kirkendall effect to beneath the metal silicide. If an MOST, for example, is being fabricated, this has advantages both at the location of the source and drain region and at the location of the gate electrode.

Abstract: ASIC libraries generally have some form of multi-port register file with 2 or more write ports and 2-8 read ports. Such register files can be exploited to implement a memory system using less external logic (fewer external-to-the memory MUXes to achieve desired narrow read ports) and/or fewer RAM instances. The desired memory system (including a single multi-port RAM that is configured to have a single very-wide write port and multiple narrow read ports) will then no longer require multiple instances of RAMs, and will therefore require less area due to overall reduced bit density.

Abstract: Tarpaulin support bows are provided on a vehicle trailer or bed for supporting the tarpaulin which covers the material being hauled on the vehicle. The support bows are hingedly mounted so they are able to move when they are contacted by a material loading bucket or compacted material. The movement of the support bows reduces the opportunity for damage or breakage of the bows or the vehicle sideboards to which the bows are mounted.