Abstract: An apparatus for crimping continuous tow of textile material and application of the finish to the crimped continuous tow, including a pair of rollers and a stuffer box chamber having two regions therein. In particular, the stuffer box chamber has a first region for crimping the tow and a larger second region for application of a finish to the tow. Using the novel apparatus to crimp the tow and apply finish thereto, improves adherence of the finish to the tow.

Abstract: A composition for short cut, synthetic polymeric staple fibers that are used in a wet lay application for the production of nonwovens is disclosed and claimed herein along with a fiber having the finish thereon and the process for dispersing the fiber in an aqueous medium. Synthetic polymeric filaments are cut into staple lengths, generally in a range of from about 1/4 to about 3 inches in length, and are dispersed in an aqueous medium in conjunction with a composition that includes as an essential ingredient, an ethoxylated primary emulsifier that contains at least five moles of ethylene oxide, and exhibits a surface tension of at least 30 dynes per centimeter in a 0.10 weight percent aqueous solution at 25 degrees Centigrade plus or minus 2 degrees Centigrade. Optionally a lubricant may be added to the finish composition to improve processability of the fiber during manufacture. The lubricant should be compatible with the primary emulsifier.

Abstract: A two-component staple fiber finish is disclosed which renders polyester staple fiber having low to normal modulus and tenacity-at-break fit for "100%" open end spinning. A synthetic fiber having from about 0.08 to about 0.15 weight percent, based on the total weight of the fiber, of a primary finish comprising(a) from 25 to 85 weight percent of at least one alkyl phosphate ester salt, and(b) from 15 to 75 weight percent of a second component selected from the group consisting of quaternary trialkyl ethyl ammonium ethosulfate salts and the reaction products of polyoxyethylene ethers and C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty acids is claimed.The use of a secondary lubricant to enhance the carding and drawing characteristics of the staple fiber is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition for short cut, synthetic polymeric staple fibers that are used in a wet lay application for the production of nonwovens is disclosed and claimed herein along with a fiber having the finish thereon and the process for dispersing the fiber in an aqueous medium. Synthetic polymeric filaments are cut into staple lengths, generally in a range of from about 1/4 to about 3 inches in length, and are dispersed in an aqueous medium in conjunction with a composition that includes as an essential ingredient, an ethoxylated primary emulsifier that contains at least five moles of ethylene oxide, and exhibits a surface tension of at least 30 dynes per centimeter in a 0.10 weight percent aqueous solution at 25 degrees Centigrade plus or minus 2 degrees Centigrade. Optionally, a lubricant may be added to the finish composition to improve processability of the fiber during manufacture. The lubricant should be compatible with the primary emulsifier.

Abstract: A composition for short cut, synthetic polymeric staple fibers that are u in a wet lay application for the production of nonwovens is disclosed and claimed herein along with a fiber having the finish thereon and the process for dispersing the fiber in an aqueous medium. Synthetic polymeric filaments are cut into staple lengths, generally in a range of from about 1/4 to about 3 inches in length, and are dispersed in an aqueous medium in conjunction with a composition that includes as an essential ingredient, an ethoxylated primary emulsifier that contains at least five moles of ethylene oxide, and exhibits a surface tension of at least 30 dynes per centimeter in a 0.10 weight percent aqueous solution at 25 degrees Centigrade plus or minus 2 degrees Centigrade. Optionally, a lubricant may be added to the finish composition to improve processability of the fiber during manufacture. The lubricant should be compatible with the primary emulsifier.

Abstract: A composition for short cut, synthetic polymeric staple fibers that are used in a wet lay application for the production of nonwovens is disclosed and claimed herein along with a fiber having the finish thereon and the process for dispersing the fiber in an aqueous medium. Synthetic polymeric filaments are cut into staple lengths, generally in a range of from about 1/4 to about 3 inches in length, and are dispersed in an aqueous medium in conjunction with a composition that includes as an essential ingredient, an ethoxylated primary emulsifier that contains at least five moles of ethylene oxide, and exhibits a surface tension of at least 30 dynes per centimeter in a 0.10 weight percent aqueous solution a 25.degree. C. plus or minus 2.degree. C. Optionally, a lubricant may be added to the finish composition to improve processability of the fiber during manufacture. The lubricant should be compatible with the primary emulsifier.

Abstract: An improved, low fuming, thermally stable, texturing finish for a synthetic filamentary material is disclosed comprising 40 to 75 percent of a lubricant, exemplified by pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate; 20 to 50 percent of an emulsifier, exemplified by condensates of castor oil with from about 2 to about 12 moles of ethylene oxide; 2 to 20 percent of an antistat-auxiliary emulsifier, such as a neutralized phosphate ester of an alcohol; and optionally 0 to 2 percent of a thermal stabilizer, exemplified by a condensate of 3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol with crotonaldehyde. An oil in water emulsion is produced having an oil content of from about 5 to 20 weight percent.

Abstract: An improved, low fuming, thermally stable, texturing finish for a synthetic filamentary material is disclosed comprising 40 to 75 percent of a lubricant, exemplified by pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate; 20 to 50 percent of an emulsifier, exemplified by condensates of castor oil with from about 2 to about 12 moles of ethylene oxide; 2 to 20 percent of an antistat-auxiliary emulsifier, such as a neutralized phosphate ester of an alcohol; and optionally 0 to 2 percent of a thermal stabilizer, exemplified by a condensate of 3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol with crotonaldehyde. An oil in water emulsion is produced having an oil content of from about 5 to 20 weight percent.