Abstract: A composition for application to foliage of a plant to elicit a biological effect is provided.

Abstract: Compositions of exogenous chemicals, particularly phloem-mobile exogenous chemicals, are provided for treatment of plants, wherein the composition comprises the exogenous chemical and an enhancing agent consisting of an anthraquinone or substituted anthraquinone. Specific compositions contain herbicides, particularly N-phosphonomethylglycine and herbicidal derivatives thereof, i.e., glyphosate. The compositions exhibit enhanced effectiveness compared to compositions in which the enhancing agent is not present. Also provided are processes for applying an exogenous chemical with an anthraquinone or substituted anthraquinone enhancing agent to achieve enhanced biological effectiveness.

Abstract: There is provided a concentrate herbicidal composition comprising a first herbicide selected from glyphosate and glufosinate, a second herbicide that is a chloroacetamide, e.g., acetochlor or metolachlor, and a third herbicide that is a triazine, e.g., atrazine, wherein the composition is a suspoemulsion having an aqueous phase, an oil phase, and particles dispersed in the aqueous and/or oil phases, and is stabilized by a stabilizing amount of one or more emulsifiers. Also provided is a method of use of a composition of the invention for killing or controlling weeds in a field.

Abstract: A plant treatment composition for application of an anionic exogenous chemical substance such as glyphosate herbicide to foliage of a plant is provided. The composition is a colloidal dispersion having supramolecular aggregates dispersed in an aqueous application medium. The supramolecular aggregates comprise one or more amphiphilic salt(s) having anions of the exogenous chemical substance and cations derived by protonation of one or more polyamine(s) or polyamine derivative(s) each having (a) at least two nitrogen-containing groups, of which a number n not less than 1 are amino groups that can be protonated to form cationic primary, secondary or tertiary ammonium groups, and (b) at least one hydrocarbyl or acyl group having about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid composition is provided for application of a water-soluble exogenous chemicalsubstance, such as the herbicide N-phosphonomethylglycine in the form of one or more salts thereof, to foliage of a plant, following dilution of the composition in water, to elicit a biological effect. The composition comprises a continuous aqueous phase having a discontinuous oil phase dispersed therein. The aqueous phase includes water wherein is dissolved the exogenous chemical substance in a biologically effective amount. The oil phase includes (a) an adjuvant amount of a siloxane surfactant of formula (I) ##STR1## and (b) a substantially water-insoluble organic solvent for the siloxane surfactant. The organic solvent is present in an amount such that substantially all of the siloxane surfactant is contained in or associated with the oil phase.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed wherein exogenous chemicals are applied to plants to generate a desired biological response. One embodiment of the present invention is a plant treatment composition that comprises (a) an exogenous chemical; (b) a first excipient substance which is a compound or mixture of compounds having the formulaR.sup.14 --CO--A--R.sup.15wherein R.sup.14 is a hydrocarbyl group having about 5 to about 21 carbon atoms, R.sup.15 is a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to about 14 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in R.sup.14 and R.sup.15 is about 11 to about 27, and A is O or NH; and (c) a second excipient substance which is an amphiphilic substance having a critical packing parameter greater than 1/3.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a microencapsulated composition comprises: (a) combining (i) a triisocyanate that is an adduct of linear aliphatic isocyanates having the formula O.dbd.C.dbd.N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --N.dbd.C.dbd.O, where n is from about 4-18, (ii) an aliphatic diisocyanate that contains a cycloaliphatic or aromatic ring moiety, the aliphatic diisocyanate having from about 6-32 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 8-18 carbon atoms, and (iii) a water-immiscible composition comprising a core chemical; (b) adding an aqueous liquid and forming an oil-in-water emulsion; (c) adding a polyamine to the emulsion; and (d) reacting the triisocyanate, the diisocyanate, and the polyamine, thereby producing a plurality of microcapsules having a capsule wall, with at least a major portion of the core chemical encapsulated within the capsule wall of the microcapsules. Suitable core chemicals include agricultural chemicals such as herbicides and safeners.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions are provided comprising glyphosate or a salt thereof and an etheramine surfactant having the representative chemical structure (a) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a straight or branched chain C.sub.6 to about C.sub.22 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group, m is an average number from 1 to about 10, R.sub.2 in each of the m (O--R.sub.2) groups is independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene, R.sub.3 groups are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene, and x and y are average numbers such that x+y is in the range from 2 to about 60; or (b) ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is a straight or branched chain C.sub.6 to about C.sub.22 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group, m is an average number from 1 to about 10, R.sub.2 in each of the m (O--R.sub.2) groups is independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene, R.sub.3 groups are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene, R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, x and y are average numbers such that x+y is in the range from 0 to about 60, and A.sup.

Abstract: Acids, esters, amides and salts of benzhydryl compounds are antidotes for thiocarbamate and acetamide herbicides. These antidote compounds are especially effective to safen acetamide herbicides used to control grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds in rice, sorghum, corn and wheat.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to the use of certain amides of dichloroacetic acid and other compounds as safener/antidotal compounds to reduce the phytotoxicity to crop plants, especially corn, of imidazolinone-type herbicides alone or in admixture with other co-herbicidal compounds, e.g., .alpha.-haloacetamides.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to a new family of haloalkyl oxazolidinyl derivatives as antidotal compounds to reduce injury to crop plants by a variety of herbicides. The antidotal compounds are characterized particularly by having heterocyclyl or spiroheterocyclyl radicals attached to the 5-position of haloalkyl oxazolidine compounds and are especially useful as in-can antidotes against injury by acetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides to corn, sorghum, soybeans, wheat, rice and other crops.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to a new family of haloalkyl oxazolidinyl derivatives as antidotal compounds to reduce injury to crop plants by a variety of herbicides. The antidotal compounds are characterized particularly by having heterocyclyl or spiroheterocyclyl radicals attached to the 5-position of haloalkyl oxazolidine compounds and are especially useful as in-can antidotes against injury by acetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides to corn, sorghum, soybeans, wheat, rice and other crops.

Abstract: Acids, esters, amides and salts of benzhydryl compounds are antidotes for thiocarbamate and acetamide herbicides. These antidote compounds are especially effective to safen acetamide herbicides used to control grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds in rice, sorghum, corn and wheat.

Abstract: Acids, esters, amides and salts of benzhydryl compounds are antidotes for thiocarbamate and acetamide herbicides. These antidote compounds are especially effective to safen acetamide herbicides used to control grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds in rice, sorghum, corn and wheat.

Abstract: Haloacyl 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds are antidotes for thiocarbamate, triazine-type and acetamide herbicides. These antidote compounds are especially effective in safening acetamide herbicides used to control grassy and broadleaf weeds in corn.