Abstract: In one embodiment, a polymer includes a recurring unit containing a bivalent group expressed by a formula (1) shown below. A weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is in a range of 3000 or more to 1000000 or less. R1 is a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group. X is an atom selected from oxygen, sulfur, and selenium. Y and Z are each independently a bivalent group selected from a carbonyl group, a sulfinyl group, and a sulfonyl group. A case where Y and Z are both the carbonyl groups is excluded.

Abstract: A solar cell module according to an embodiment includes: a light transmissive first substrate; a second substrate; at least one cell array disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the cell array including a plurality of cells arranged, each of the cells including a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, an organic photoelectric conversion film disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the organic photoelectric conversion film; a plurality of light transmissive partition walls disposed at portions on the first substrate, the portions being located between adjacent ones of the cells and at both end portions of the cell array; and a first resin film disposed between the second substrate and each of the cells between adjacent ones of the partition walls, the cells being connected in series.

Abstract: A polymer of an embodiment includes a repeating unit containing at least one bivalent group selected from the following formula (1) and the following formula (2). In the formulas (1) and (2), R is hydrogen, fluorine, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, or the like. X and Y are each an alkanoyl group, an aminocarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, or the like. Ar is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.

Abstract: To provide a polymer excellent enough in photoelectric 5 conversion efficiency and in light resistance to be suitable for solar cells, also to provide a solar cell using the polymer, and further to provide an electronic product comprising the cell. Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a polymer comprising a repeating unit of the following formula (M1). In the formula, R1 is a substituent group selected from the group 15 consisting of alkyl groups, and alkoxy groups; each R2 is independently a substituent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, and aryl groups; and each X is independently an atom selected from the group consisting of O, S and Se. The embodiments 20 also provide a solar cell having an active layer containing the above polymer and further an electronic product comprising that cell.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a polymer includes a repeating unit represented by a formula (1) shown below. A weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is in a range of 3000 or more to 1000000 or less. R1 indicates a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted hetero-aromatic group. R2, R3, and R4 indicate independently a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted hetero-aromatic group. X, Y, and Z indicate independently an atom selected from O, S, and Se.

Abstract: A polymer of an embodiment includes a recurring unit containing at least one bivalent group selected from among a formula (1), a formula (2), a formula (3), and a formula (4). Z1 indicates carbon having an R1 group, nitrogen, or the like. Z2 indicates oxygen, sulfur, selenium, nitrogen having an R2 group, or the like. The R1 and R2 groups indicate hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, or the like, X indicates oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or the like.

Abstract: A polymer of an embodiment includes a repeating unit containing a bivalent group represented by the following formula (1). R is hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group, an alkanoyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, or the like. X is oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or the like. Y and Z each is a bivalent group selected from a carbonyl group, a sulfinyl group, and a sulfonyl group. However, a case where Y and Z are both the carbonyl groups is excluded.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a polymer includes a recurring unit containing a bivalent group expressed by a formula (1) shown below. A weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is in a range of 3000 or more to 1000000 or less. R1 is a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted awl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group. X is an atom selected from oxygen, sulfur, and selenium. Y and Z are each independently a bivalent group selected from a carbonyl group, a sulfinyl group, and a sulfonyl group. A case where Y and Z are both the carbonyl groups is excluded.

Abstract: A polymer of an embodiment includes a repeating unit containing a bivalent group represented by the following formula (1). R is hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group, an alkanoyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, or the like. X is oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or the like. Y and Z each is a bivalent group selected from a carbonyl group, a sulfinyl group, and a sulfonyl group. However, a case where Y and Z are both the carbonyl groups is excluded.

Abstract: A polymer of an embodiment includes a repeating unit containing at least one bivalent group selected from the following formula (1) and the following formula (2). In the formulas (1) and (2), R is hydrogen, fluorine, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, or the like. X and Y are each an alkanoyl group, an aminocarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, or the like. Ar is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.

Abstract: A solar cell module according to an embodiment includes: a light transmissive first substrate; a second substrate; at least one cell array disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the cell array including a plurality of cells arranged, each of the cells including a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, an organic photoelectric conversion film disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the organic photoelectric conversion film; a plurality of light transmissive partition walls disposed at portions on the first substrate, the portions being located between adjacent ones of the cells and at both end portions of the cell array; and a first resin film disposed between the second substrate and each of the cells between adjacent ones of the partition walls, the cells being connected in series.

Abstract: A polymer of an embodiment includes a recurring unit containing at least one bivalent group selected from among a formula (1), a formula (2), a formula (3), and a formula (4). Z1 indicates carbon having an R1 group, nitrogen, or the like. Z2 indicates oxygen, sulfur, selenium, nitrogen having an R2 group, or the like. The R1 and R2 groups indicate hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, or the like, X indicates oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or the like.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a polymer includes a repeating unit represented by a formula (1) shown below. A weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is in a range of 3000 or more to 1000000 or less. R1 indicates a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted hetero-aromatic group. R2, R3, and R4 indicate independently a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted hetero-aromatic group. X, Y, and Z indicate independently an atom selected from O, S, and Se.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a polymer excellent enough in photoelectric conversion efficiency and in light resistance to be suitable for solar cells, also to provide a solar cell using the polymer, and further to provide an electronic product comprising the cell. [Means] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a polymer comprising a repeating unit of the following formula (M1). (In the formula, R1 is a substituent group selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, and alkoxy groups; each R2 is independently a substituent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, and aryl groups; and each X is independently an atom selected from the group consisting of O, S and Se. The embodiments also provide a solar cell having an active layer containing the above polymer and further an electronic product comprising that cell.

Abstract: A hologram-recording medium containing: a recording layer containing a polymerizable monomer containing a structural framework represented by the following general formula (1). In general formula (1), X and Y are not the same, and X and Y are selected from hydrogen, iodine, bromine, and chlorine atoms and from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, naphthyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, tert-butoxy, phenoxy, naphthoxy, acetyl, carboxyl, acetoxy, thiophenyl, thionaphthyl, thiomethyl, thioethyl, thioisopropyl, thio-tert-butyl, and thiol groups; and W is selected from the group consisting of benzylvinyl, styryl, acryloyl, and methacryloyl groups.

Abstract: A holographic recording method includes the following steps: irradiating an optical recording medium with a coherent reference beam and a coherent information beam to produce a hologram in the optical recording medium while irradiating the optical recording medium with an incoherent pretreatment beam to consume a polymerization inhibitor; irradiating the hologram with the reference beam to extract a reproduction beam while stopping irradiating the optical recording medium with the reference beam; sensing the signal beam with an image pick-up unit to detect an intensity of the signal beam; and calculating a bit error rate with a control unit to irradiate the hologram with the information beam if the bit error rate is larger than a prescribed value, or to stop irradiating the optical recording medium with the reference beam, the information beam and the pretreatment beam if the bit error rate is smaller than the prescribed value.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a first substrate having a groove on the side of an outer peripheral portion thereof; a second substrate in contact with the first substrate in the outer peripheral portion; and a recording layer being disposed in a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate and forming a void in cooperation with the first substrate at the portion of the groove.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the invention, an optical information recording apparatus includes a spatial beam modulator, an optical component, a drive unit, and a control unit. The apparatus performs angle-multiplex recording of the information so that an absolute value of a bisector angle ?x for n-th recording (1?n?rN) is smaller than an absolute value of a bisector angle ?x for m-th recording (m>n and rN<m?N). Here, N is the number of pages to be defined as the total number of recording times performed on a recording spot of an optical information recording medium. The n-th recording is performed on the recording spot with the reference beam and the information beam. r is a rate to be determined by a volumetric shrinkage of the optical information recording medium. The volumetric shrinkage increases with irradiating the optical information recording medium with the reference beam and the information beam.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium includes a recording layer. The recording layer includes a framework being expressed with the following general formula (1), In the above formula (1), Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from benzothiophene group, naphthothiophene group, dibenzothiophene group, thienothiophene group, dithienobenzene group, benzothiazole group, naphthothiazole group, benzoisothiazole group, naphthoisothiazole group, phenothiazine group, phenoxathiin group, dithianaphthalene group, thianthrene group, thioxanthene group, and bithiophene group. In addition, n is an integer from 1 to 4.

Abstract: An optical information recording apparatus includes a first optical system that radiates an information beam that carries information onto a recording medium; a second optical system that radiates reference beams onto the recording medium; a radiation position specifying unit that specifies a plurality of recording spots positioned within a radiation range of the reference beams; and an incident angle obtaining unit that specifies an incident angle of the reference beams that is used for recording an i'th interference fringe into a second recording spot adjacent to a first recording spot, as a value obtained by adding a product of 1/(1+m) and an absolute value of a difference between an incident angle of a first reference beam used for recording an i'th interference fringe into the first recording spot and an incident angle of a second reference beam used for recording an (i+1)'th interference fringe into the first recording spot.