Abstract: T cell receptor (TCR) diversity of a subject, including TCR diversity in CD8+ T cell subsets, is used as a predictive indicator of responsiveness of the subject to cancer immunotherapy prior to initiation of the immunotherapy. Exemplified immunotherapy comprises administering an immune checkpoint inhibitor to a subject, wherein a TCR diversity value in CD8+ T cell subsets from the subject, such as CD8+ T cell subpopulations defined by differential cell surface marker expression, is higher than a reference value.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique whereby the influence of an endogenous TCR is eliminated in TCR gene transfer. A TCR gene is edited using a genome editing enzyme, said genome editing enzyme having one characteristic that amino acids at two specific positions in DNA-binding modules contained in a DNA-binding domain thereof show repeating patterns which differ from one module to another among the four DNA-binding modules. Thus, a lowering in the expression efficiency of the transferred TCR caused by mispairing with an endogenous TCR and the occurrence of a self-reactive TCR are avoided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique for producing regulatory T cells specific to a desired antigen. Regulatory T cells specific to an antigen are produced by a method that includes: a step for identifying a T cell receptor (TCR) clone present in an effector T cell population specific to an antigen in an effector T cell donor; and a step for introducing all or part of the nucleic acid sequence of the TCR? gene and all or part of the nucleic acid sequence of the TCR? gene included in the clone into a regulatory T cell, said step comprising introducing the TCR? and the TCR? so as to be expressed in pairs.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique for introducing an antigen receptor-encoding nucleic acid into a definite site in a nucleic acid that is contained in an immune cell of a target organism. In the technique according to the present disclosure, a vector, which contains an antigen receptor-encoding nucleic acid, and a nuclease are introduced into an immune cell. The nuclease cleaves the vector and the genome sequence of the immune cell. The vector can be configured so that, when cleaved with the nuclease, a sequence, which is an antigen receptor-encoding sequence and which is introduced by microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) at the nuclease cleavage site of the genome sequence of the immune cell, is formed.

Abstract: The repertoire of the variable region of T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) is quantitatively analyzed using non-biased gene sequence analysis. The present invention provides the following: a method for quantitatively analyzing the repertoire of the variable region of the T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) of a subject by using a database, wherein the method includes (1) a step for providing a nucleic acid sample containing the nucleic acid sequence of T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) amplified in a non-biased manner from the subject; (2) a step for determining the nucleic acid sequence contained in the nucleic acid sample; and (3) a step for calculating the frequency of appearance of each gene or combination thereof on the basis of the determined nucleic acid sequence and deriving the TCR or BCR repertoire of the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique for producing regulatory T cells specific to a desired antigen. Regulatory T cells specific to an antigen are produced by a method that includes: a step for identifying a T cell receptor (TCR) clone present in an effector T cell population specific to an antigen in an effector T cell donor; and a step for introducing all or part of the nucleic acid sequence of the TCR? gene and all or part of the nucleic acid sequence of the TCR? gene included in the clone into a regulatory T cell, said step comprising introducing the TCR? and the TCR? so as to be expressed in pairs.

Abstract: The repertoire of the variable region of T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) is quantitatively analyzed using non-biased gene sequence analysis. The present invention provides the following: a method for quantitatively analyzing the repertoire of the variable region of the T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) of a subject by using a database, wherein the method includes (1) a step for providing a nucleic acid sample containing the nucleic acid sequence of T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) amplified in a non-biased manner from the subject; (2) a step for determining the nucleic acid sequence contained in the nucleic acid sample; and (3) a step for calculating the frequency of appearance of each gene or combination thereof on the basis of the determined nucleic acid sequence and deriving the TCR or BCR repertoire of the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for analyzing a functional subunit pair gene of a T cell receptor (TCR) or a B cell receptor (BCR). The present disclosure provides a method comprising: (1) a step for providing a nucleic acid sample containing a nucleic acid of a TCR or BCR from a cell expressing an activated TCR or BCR; (2) a step for determining the nucleic acid sequence of the functional pair gene of the TCR or the BCR; and (3) a step for calculating the frequency of appearance of each gene and combinations thereof on the basis of the determined nucleic sequences, and identifying a functional subunit pair gene of the TCR or the BCR.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique whereby the influence of an endogenous TCR is eliminated in TCR gene transfer. A TCR gene is edited using a genome editing enzyme, said genome editing enzyme having one characteristic that amino acids at two specific positions in DNA-binding modules contained in a DNA-binding domain thereof show repeating patterns which differ from one module to another among the four DNA-binding modules. Thus, a lowering in the expression efficiency of the transferred TCR caused by mispairing with an endogenous TCR and the occurrence of a self-reactive TCR are avoided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for predicting an effective patient prior to starting cancer immunotherapy. The present invention provides a method of using T cell receptor (TCR) diversity of a subject as an indicator of responsiveness of the subject to cancer immunotherapy. The present invention also provides a composition for treating cancer in a subject with high TCR diversity of T cells, comprising an immune checkpoint inhibitor. The present invention is also directed to a companion medicament using such TCR diversity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for analyzing the variable region repertoire of the T-cell receptors (TCR) or the B-cell receptors (BCR) of a subject, said method including: (1) a step for providing a nucleic acid sample that is amplified from RNA obtained from the subject using one-step reverse transcription template-switching PCR and that includes the nucleic acid sequences of a plurality of types of T-cell receptors (TCR) or B-cell receptors (BCR); (2) a step for determining the nucleic acid sequences included in the nucleic acid sample; and (3) a step for calculating the frequencies of occurrence of individual genes or combinations thereof on the basis of the determined nucleic acid sequences and deriving the TCR or BCR repertoire of the subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a peptide for the treatment (in particular, immunotherapy), monitoring, or diagnosis of a disease in a subject.

Abstract: The repertoire of the variable region of T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) is quantitatively analyzed using non-biased gene sequence analysis. The present invention provides the following: a method for quantitatively analyzing the repertoire of the variable region of the T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) of a subject by using a database, wherein the method includes (1) a step for providing a nucleic acid sample containing the nucleic acid sequence of T cell receptors (TCR) or B cell receptors (BCR) amplified in a non-biased manner from the subject; (2) a step for determining the nucleic acid sequence contained in the nucleic acid sample; and (3) a step for calculating the frequency of appearance of each gene or combination thereof on the basis of the determined nucleic acid sequence and deriving the TCR or BCR repertoire of the subject.

Abstract: An illumination controlling device for a vehicle includes a controlling portion to change a luminance phase of a meter based on operation of an operating portion and to maintain a luminance phase of a lighting while the lighting is extinguished. The controlling portion changes the luminance phase of the meter based on the operation of the operating portion and changes the luminance phase of the lighting to correspond to the luminance phase of the meter if the operating portion is operated in a state that the luminance phase is different between the meter and the lighting while the lighting is illuminated.

Abstract: A cooling device which prevents ambient persons from being exposed to an unpleasant feeling as much as possible by properly controlling an exhausting direction of the air which is used for cooling and exhausted from a chassis and an image projection apparatus having the cooling device are obtained. The cooing device cools first and second members to be cooled provided in the chassis, has first and second exhaust fans for guiding winds which have cooled the respective first and second members to an outside of the chassis, and is characterized in that the first and second exhaust fans are arranged so as to face the same surface of the chassis and the winds exhausted from the first and second exhaust fans are mixed.

Abstract: An LED with a semiconductor light emitting element that emits a blue or a blue-violet light, and a fluorescent material that absorbs some or all of the light emitted from the element and emits a fluorescent light of a wavelength different from the absorbed light. The fluorescent material is a mixed fluorescent material obtained by mixing a first fluorescent material that emits a blue-green or a green light, a second fluorescent material that has a peak emission wavelength longer than that of the first fluorescent material and emits a green or a yellow-green light, a third fluorescent material that has a 1 peak emission wavelength longer than that of the second fluorescent material and emits a yellow-green, a yellow or a yellow-red light, and a fourth fluorescent material that has a peak emission wavelength longer than that of the third fluorescent material and emits a yellow-red or a red light.

Abstract: An illumination controlling device for a vehicle includes a controlling portion to change a luminance phase of a meter based on operation of an operating portion and to maintain a luminance phase of a lighting while the lighting is extinguished. The controlling portion changes the luminance phase of the meter based on the operation of the operating portion and changes the luminance phase of the lighting to correspond to the luminance phase of the meter if the operating portion is operated in a state that the luminance phase is different between the meter and the lighting while the lighting is illuminated.

Abstract: An enamel substrate for mounting light emitting elements includes a core metal, an enamel layer that is covering on a surface of the core metal, and one or more through holes. In this enamel substrate for mounting light emitting elements, the core metal is exposed at inner surfaces of the through holes.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a light-emitting element mounting board is provided including an enamel layer which covers the surface of a core metal, wherein reflective cup portions for mounting light-emitting elements are provided on one face of the board, and wherein a heat radiating part is formed by at least partially removing the enamel layer on the other face of the board, and exposing the core metal. Further, a light-emitting element module including light-emitting elements mounted thereon, a lighting device including the light-emitting element, a display device, and traffic signal equipment are provided.

Abstract: An enamel substrate for mounting light emitting elements includes a core metal, an enamel layer that is covering on a surface of the core metal, and one or more through holes. In this enamel substrate for mounting light emitting elements, the core metal is exposed at inner surfaces of the through holes.