Abstract: An example device includes processing circuitry configured to receive, from an oxygen sensor, an ambient air signal indicative of an oxygen partial pressure of ambient air. The processing circuitry is further configured to receive, from an atmospheric pressure sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor signal indicative of atmospheric pressure. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, based on the atmospheric pressure sensor signal, an oxygen partial pressure of the ambient air, determine, based at least in part on the oxygen partial pressure of the ambient air and the ambient air signal, the one or more calibration parameters, and calibrate, based on the one or more calibration parameters, the oxygen sensor. The calibrated oxygen sensor may be used to, for example, determine the oxygen content of urine of a patient to monitor renal function of the patient.

Abstract: In some examples, a system comprises a catheter including an elongated body defining a lumen, the elongated body comprising a proximal portion and a distal portion; an anchoring member positioned on the proximal portion of the elongated body, the anchoring member configured to anchor the proximal portion of the elongated body to a patient; and a sensor configured to sense a biomarker in a fluid within the lumen of the elongated body, wherein the biomarker is indicative of an acute kidney infection (AKI) of the patient.

Abstract: Example systems, catheters, and methods are disclosed for actively sampling a fluid. An example system includes a pump configured to pump fluid to direct the fluid a dissolved oxygen sensor and the dissolved oxygen sensor configured to output a signal indicative of an amount of dissolved oxygen in the fluid.

Abstract: Example assemblies and techniques for introducing a conductive element into a catheter are disclosed. An example assembly includes a sensing device configured to sense a parameter of interest in a fluid, the sensing device including sensor circuitry at a distal portion, a sensing element at a proximal portion, and a conductive element communicatively coupled to the sensor circuitry and the sensing element. The assembly includes an introducer defining an introducer lumen configured to receive at least a portion of the conductive element of the sensing device, the introducer being configured to be inserted into a catheter lumen of a catheter while the at least the portion of the conductive element is in the introducer lumen. The assembly further includes a rigid member mechanically coupled to the sensing device and configured to open a longitudinal surface of the introducer as the introducer is retracted relative to the sensing device.

Abstract: An example device includes processing circuitry configured to receive, from an oxygen sensor, an ambient air signal indicative of an oxygen partial pressure of ambient air. The processing circuitry is further configured to receive, from an atmospheric pressure sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor signal indicative of atmospheric pressure. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, based on the atmospheric pressure sensor signal, an oxygen partial pressure of the ambient air, determine, based at least in part on the oxygen partial pressure of the ambient air and the ambient air signal, the one or more calibration parameters, and calibrate, based on the one or more calibration parameters, the oxygen sensor. The calibrated oxygen sensor may be used to, for example, determine the oxygen content of urine of a patient to monitor renal function of the patient.

Abstract: Example devices and techniques for sensing a parameter of a substance of interest are disclosed. An example catheter includes an elongated body defining a lumen. The lumen is configured to receive or house an oxygen sensing element. When the oxygen sensing element is located in a proximal portion of the lumen, the oxygen sensing element is configured to sense an amount of dissolved oxygen in a fluid external to the lumen. The catheter is configured to block ingress of the fluid into the lumen while the oxygen sensing element senses the amount of dissolved oxygen.

Abstract: An example device includes memory configured to store an observer and processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the memory. The processing circuitry is configured to receive, from an oxygen sensor, an oxygen sensor signal indicative of an amount of dissolved oxygen in a fluid, wherein the oxygen sensor is located in a distal portion of a catheter or distal to a distal end of the catheter, and wherein the fluid flows to the oxygen sensor from a location within a patient. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, based on the oxygen sensor signal, a measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen in the fluid. The processing circuitry is configured to apply the observer to the measurement of the amount of dissolved oxygen in the fluid. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, based on the observer, an estimate of an amount of dissolved oxygen in the fluid at the location.

Abstract: An injection apparatus for making an injection at a predetermined depth in skin comprises: a skin positioning member, an injection needle (610), and means guiding the injection needle for movement from a parking position above the skin beside said skin positioning member to slide beneath said skin positioning member to an injection position; wherein: the tip (620) of the injection needle is closer to the longitudinal axis of the shaft portion (650) than is the outside of the shaft portion (650) and/or the length of the lumen opening (625) of the needle is in a range from 5 to 15 times the diameter of the shaft (650) of the needle. An injection needle wherein the length of the lumen opening (625) of the needle is in a range from 5 to 15 times the diameter of the shaft (650) of the needle.

Abstract: Solid pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral injection comprising a binder and at least one therapeutic agent. The pharmaceutical composition has the strength to be injected directly with the need of using cannulas or the like.

Abstract: An injection apparatus for making an injection at a predetermined depth in skin comprises: a first skin positioning member, a second skin positioning member, wherein the first and second skin positioning members lie or are moveable to lie in an injection arrangement; an injection needle; and an injection needle movement guide to guide the injection needle for movement from a parking position above the skin, through the lower surface of the second skin positioning member to slide beneath the first skin positioning member to an injection position. A further injection apparatus comprises: an injection needle; a plunger within the injection needle; and a retractor to retract the injection needle such that material to be injected is expelled from the injection needle by the plunger.

Abstract: In apparatus for the production and detection of fluorescence at a sample surface, the height of the apparatus above the sample surface is reduced, and loss of the emitted fluorescence due to reflection loss and light scattering is minimized. The apparatus comprises a three-dimensionally curved light reflecting surface (40) that directs light from a light source (32) transversely to its original path and focuses the light on to an illumination zone (30) at or below the sample surface. The reflecting surface (40) also collects, directs and at least partially collimates emitted fluorescence transversely to its original path and towards a detector (46).

Abstract: Solid pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral injection comprising a binder and at least one therapeutic agent. The pharmaceutical composition has the strength to be injected directly with the need of using cannulas or the like.

Abstract: Solid pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making and administering for parenteral injection comprising a binder and at least one therapeutic agent. The pharmaceutical composition has the strength to be injected directly with the need of using cannulas or the like.

Abstract: An injection apparatus for making an injection at a predetermined depth in skin comprises: a skin positioning member, an injection needle (610), and means guiding the injection needle for movement from a parking position above the skin beside said skin positioning member to slide beneath said skin positioning member to an injection position; wherein: the tip (620) of the injection needle is closer to the longitudinal axis of the shaft portion (650) than is the outside of the shaft portion (650) and/or the length of the lumen opening (625) of the needle is in a range from 5 to 15 times the diameter of the shaft (650) of the needle. An injection needle wherein the length of the lumen opening (625) of the needle is in a range from 5 to 15 times the diameter of the shaft (650) of the needle.

Abstract: A first light source emits a light signal along a measurement optical path that includes a sample and a second light source emits a light signal along a dummy measurement optical path. A measurement circuit receives the light signals and provides outputs separated in time which are indicative of the phase of the respective light signals. A phase shift is induced in light in the measurement optical path by the sample. A reference circuit receives a signal indicative of the phase of the light signals emitted by the first and second light sources. Circuitry compares the phases of light output from the two circuits to provide output indicative of a first measured phase difference during operation of the first light source. Correction is applied to this measurement by taking a similar phase difference measurement during operation of the second light source and comparing the two phase differences.

Abstract: In apparatus for the production and detection of fluorescence at a sample surface, the height of the apparatus above the sample surface is reduced, and loss of the emitted fluorescence due to reflection loss and light scattering is minimized. The apparatus comprises a three-dimensionally curved light reflecting surface (40) that directs light from a light source (32) transversely to its original path and focuses the light on to an illumination zone (30) at or below the sample surface. The reflecting surface (40) also collects, directs and at least partially collimates emitted fluorescence transversely to its original path and towards a detector (46).

Abstract: An injection apparatus (1) for making an injection at a predetermined depth in skin comprises: a first skin positioning member (4, 26); a second skin positioning member (3, 54), wherein the first and second skin positioning members lie or are moveable to lie in an injection arrangement; an injection needle (50); and means guiding the injection needle for movement from a parking position above the skin, through the lower surface of the second skin positioning member to slide beneath the first skin positioning member to an injection position. A further injection apparatus comprises: an injection needle; a plunger (44) within the injection needle; and means for retracting the injection needle such that material to be injected is expelled from the injection needle by the plunger.

Abstract: In apparatus for the production and detection of fluorescence at a sample surface, the height of the apparatus above the sample surface is reduced, and loss of the emitted fluorescence due to reflection loss and light scattering is minimized. The apparatus comprises a three-dimensionally curved light reflecting surface (40) that directs light from a light source (32) transversely to its original path and focuses the light on to an illumination zone (30) at or below the sample surface. The reflecting surface (40) also collects, directs and at least partially collimates emitted fluorescence transversely to its original path and towards a detector (46).

Abstract: Solid pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making and administering for parenteral injection comprising a binder and at least one therapeutic agent. The pharmaceutical composition has the strength to be injected directly with the need of using cannulas or the like.

Abstract: In apparatus for the production and detection of fluorescence at a sample surface, the height of the apparatus above the sample surface is reduced, and loss of the emitted fluorescence due to reflection loss and light scattering is minimized. The apparatus comprises a three-dimensionally curved light reflecting surface (40) that directs light from a light source (32) transversely to its original path and focuses the light on to an illumination zone (30) at or below the sample surface. The reflecting surface (40) also collects, directs and at least partially collimates emitted fluorescence transversely to its original path and towards a detector (46).