Abstract: Described are mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase variants having improved activity in converting 3-phosphonoxyisovalerate into isobutene. Such variants can be employed in processes for biologically producing isobutene from 3-hydroxyisovalerate or from 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate into isobutene, for biologically producing isoprenol from mevalonate or from mevalonate-3-phosphate or for biologically producing 1,3-butadiene from 3-hydroxypent-4-enoate or from 3-phosphonoxypent-4-enoate. Also described is an enzyme which is characterized in that it is capable of converting 3-phosphonoxyisovalerate into isobutene with a kcat of more than 0.1 s?1.

Abstract: Described are HIV kinase variants showing an improved activity in converting 3-hydroxyisovalerate (HIV) into 3-phosphonoxyisovalerate (PIV), methods for the production of PIV using such enzyme variants as well as methods for the production isobutene in a subsequent reaction.

Abstract: Described are 3-hydroxyisovalerate (HIV) synthase variants having improved activity in converting acetone and a compound which provides an activated acetyl group into 3-hydroxyisovalerate (HIV). Moreover, described are in particular methods for the production of 3-hydroxyisovalerate and methods for the production of isobutene from acetone utilizing the HIV synthase variants of the present invention.

Abstract: Described are alkenol dehydratase variants having improved activity in catalyzing the conversion of prenol into isoprene, methods for the production of isoprene using such enzyme variants and their uses in the production of isoprene from prenol.

Abstract: Described are HIV kinase variants showing an improved activity in converting 3-hydroxyisovalerate (HIV) into 3-phosphonoxyisovalerate (PIV), methods for the production of PIV using such enzyme variants as well as methods for the production isobutene in a subsequent reaction.

Abstract: Described are alkenol dehydratase variants having improved activity in catalyzing the conversion of a compound corresponding to the general formula CnH2nO into CnH2n-2 +H2O with 3<n<7. In particular, described are alkenol dehydratase variants having, e.g., an improved activity in converting but-2-en-1-ol (crotyl alcohol) into 1,3 butadiene and/or an improved activity in converting but-3-en-2-ol into 1,3 butadiene and/or an improved activity in converting 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol (prenol) or 3-methylbut-3-en-2-ol (isoprenol) into isoprene and/or an improved activity in converting 2,3-dimethyl-but-2-en-1-ol into dimethyl-butadiene.

Abstract: Described are alkenol dehydratase variants having improved activity in catalyzing the conversion of prenol into isoprene, methods for the production of isoprene using such enzyme variants and their uses in the production of isoprene from prenol.

Abstract: Described are 3-hydroxyisovalerate (HIV) synthase variants having improved activity in converting acetone and a compound which provides an activated acetyl group into 3-hydroxyisovalerate (HIV). Moreover, described are in particular methods for the production of 3-hydoxyisovalerate and methods for the production of isobutene from acetone utilizing the HIV synthase variants of the present invention.

Abstract: Described are alkenol dehydratase variants having improved activity in catalyzing the conversion of a compound corresponding to the general formula CnH2nO into CnH2n-2+H2O with 3<n<7. In particular, described are alkenol dehydratase variants having, e.g., an improved activity in converting but-2-en-1-ol (crotyl alcohol) into 1,3 butadiene and/or an improved activity in converting but-3-en-2-ol into 1,3 butadiene and/or an improved activity in converting 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol (prenol) or 3-methylbut-3-en-2-ol (isoprenol) into isoprene and/or an improved activity in converting 2,3-dimethyl-but-2-en-1-ol into dimethyl-butadiene.

Abstract: Described are mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase variants having improved activity in converting 3-phosphonoxyisovalerate into isobutene. Such variants can be employed in processes for biologically producing isobutene from 3-hydroxyisovalerate or from 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate into isobutene, for biologically producing isoprenol from mevalonate or from mevalonate-3-phosphate or for biologically producing 1,3-butadiene from 3-hydroxypent-4-enoate or from 3-phosphonoxypent-4-enoate. Also described is an enzyme which is characterized in that it is capable of converting 3-phosphonoxyisovalerate into isobutene with a kcat of more than 0.1 s?1.