Abstract: A method for treating a tumor with a decreased level of the 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, a method for suppressing the growth of a tumor cell with a decreased level of the 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), which comprises contacting said tumor cell with an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, and a method for identifying a subject who would be responsive to a fatty acid derivative, comprising, (i) obtaining a biological sample from said subject; and (ii) measuring 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) level are provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, provided is a composition including a prostaglandin compound for modulating stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation in a mammalian subject. In another embodiment, the instant application is directed to a composition which includes a prostaglandin compound for modulating proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells of a mammalian subject, in which the stem cells are contacted directly or indirectly with the composition of the invention.

Abstract: A method for suppressing tumorigenicity of stem cells in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative and a method for suppressing tumorigenicity of stem cells of a mammalian subject, which comprises contacting said stem cell with an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, are provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, provided is a composition including a prostaglandin compound for modulating stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation in a mammalian subject. In another embodiment, the instant application is directed to a composition which includes a prostaglandin compound for modulating proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells of a mammalian subject, in which the stem cells are contacted directly or indirectly with the composition of the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel use of a chloride channel opener, especially a prostaglandin compound for the treatment of abdominal discomfort. Further disclosed is a novel use of a chloride channel opener, especially a prostaglandin compound for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Abstract: A method for treating irritable bowel syndrome in a mammalian subject includes administering an effective amount of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-16,16-difluoro-18-methyl-prostaglandin E1 or 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-16,16-difluoro-prostaglandin E1, or a salt, ether, ester or amide thereof, to the subject. A method for treating abdominal discomfort associated with irritable bowel syndrome in a mammalian subject includes administering an effective amount of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-16,16-difluoro-18-methyl-prostaglandin E1 or 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-16,16-difluoro-prostaglandin E1, or a salt, ether, ester or amide thereof, to the subject.

Abstract: The invention achieves certain advantages in pharmaceutical development over large multinational companies by forming a multilateral alliance of independent entities, each with their own geographical focus. In accordance with the invention, a method is provided whereby multiple entities, within the coverage of a common patent portfolio, undertake their own research and development in their own territory. Under a second feature of the invention, the entities may each utilize the information obtained by the others in order to advance their own development program.

Abstract: In one embodiment, provided is a composition comprising a prostaglandin compound for modulating stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation in a mammalian subject. In another embodiment, the instant application is a composition comprising a prostaglandin compound for, which comprises a prostaglandin compound for modulating proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells of a mammalian subject, in which the stem cells are contacted directly or indirectly with the composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for protecting mitochondria from damage in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a prostaglandin compound to a subject in need thereof. Also provided is a method for treating mitochondrial dysfunction as well as a condition associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a prostaglandin compound to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a specific bicyclic compound of formula (I): and/or a tautomer thereof to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating mucosal disorders using a specific prostaglandin compound. The prostaglandin compound induces a conformational change in the tight junction that results in recovery of mucosal barrier function. Accordingly, the prostaglandin compound used herein is useful for the treatment of mucosal disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel use of a chloride channel opener, especially a prostaglandin compound for the treatment of abdominal discomfort. Further disclosed is a novel use of a chloride channel opener, especially a prostaglandin compound for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Abstract: The invention achieves certain advantages in pharmaceutical development over large multinational companies by forming a multilateral alliance of independent entities, each with their own geographical focus. In accordance with the invention, a method is provided whereby multiple entities, within the coverage of a common patent portfolio, undertake their own research and development in their own territory. Under a second feature of the invention, the entities may each utilize the information obtained by the others in order to advance their own development program.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of ocular hypertension which comprises administering, to a subject in need of such treatment,(a) a .beta.-adrenergic blocker at the enhancement phase of aqueous humor production, and(b) a prostanoic acid compound at the suppression phase of aqueous humor production, andin an amount effective in treatment of ocular hypertension.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cathartics comprising 15-keto-16-halogen-PGs as an essential ingredient without substantive side-effects; the catharic effect is thought mainly caused by an enteropooling effect.

Abstract: A method of disinfection for retroviruses which comprises contacting inanimate object in need of such treatment with a natural or synthetic oligo- or polysaccharide having at least one S-oxoacid group attached to the saccharic carbon atom through a linking group of low molecular weight.

Abstract: Method of treatment of immunodeficiency disease which comprises administering therapeutically effective amount of sex hormone to a subject in need of such treatment.

Abstract: A method of treatment of the diseases caused by AIDS virus which comprises administering an effective amount of prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor to a subject in need of such treatment.

Abstract: Method of treatment of diseases caused by retroviruses which comprises administering therapeutically effective amount of a natural or synthetic oligo- or polysaccharide having at least one S-oxoacid group attached to the saccharic carbon atom through a linking group of lower molecular weight or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need of such treatment.