Abstract: A process for producing hydrogen and power comprises subjecting a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock to an endothermic steam reforming reaction by contacting the feedstock, in a reaction zone, in the presence of steam, with catalyst to obtain a mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; recovering hydrogen from the mixture; feeding fuel and oxidant to a turbine system comprising a compressor, combustion chamber and expansion turbine, wherein the compressor is coupled to the turbine, the oxidant is compressed in the compressor to obtain compressed oxidant, and the fuel is combusted with the compressed oxidant in the chamber to obtain a stream of combusted gas; feeding at least part of the stream to the turbine to generate power and to obtain a turbine flue gas; and providing heat for the reforming reaction from the combusted gas and/or the flue gas; and liquefaction of the recovered hydrogen by subjecting it to a liquefaction cycle.

Abstract: Materials for making apparatus and a method of inhibiting polymerization during manufacture, purification, handling and storage of subject ethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed. In particular, copper or metals containing copper, in the presence of oxygen, have inhibit undesired polymerization resulting in polymer fouling in apparatus used during the manufacture, purification, handling and storage of the monomers, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters. The copper or copper alloys as described herein, in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, exhibit self-inhibiting surface characteristics when used to make at least a portion of the apparatus to inhibit polymerization of the monomers in contact with the portion of the apparatus including such copper-containing metal.

Abstract: Materials for making apparatus and a method of inhibiting polymerization during manufacture, purification, handling and storage of subject ethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed. In particular, copper or metals containing copper, in the presence of oxygen, have inhibit undesired polymerization resulting in polymer fouling in apparatus used during the manufacture, purification, handling and storage of the monomers, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters. The copper or copper alloys as described herein, in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, exhibit self-inhibiting surface characteristics when used to make at least a portion of the apparatus to inhibit polymerization of the monomers in contact with the portion of the apparatus including such copper-containing metal.

Abstract: A method of recovering acrylic acid from a mixture comprising acrylic acid, water and acetic acid is disclosed, which includes: (a) extracting acrylic acid from the mixture with a solvent mixture comprising ethyl acrylate as the preponderant component thereof and an organic co-solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, heptane, 1-heptene, methylcyclohexane, cycloheptane, cycloheptadiene, cycloheptatriene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3 pentadiene, methylcyclohexene and methylenecyclohexene to form an extracted composition; and (b) azeotropically distilling the extracted composition to recover acrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the separation and purification of acrylic acid is disclosed, wherein ethyl propionate is employed as an extraction solvent.

Abstract: A mixer for producing a substance mixture includes a rotatable shaft and a body submersible within a first substance. The body includes a first end and a second end. The first end is coupled to the shaft, and the second end includes an outwardly flared opening. The mixer also includes a plurality of apertures disposed on a wall of the body. Rotation of the body draws the first substance and a second substance into an internal area of the body and dispels the substance mixture outwardly through the apertures. The mixer may also include a diverter for diverting the substance mixture toward the apertures. The mixer may further include internally formed vanes to increase a substance flow rate into the mixer. Screens may also be disposed outwardly from the apertures to enhance mixing of the first and second substances.