Abstract: Various example embodiments provide a solution for reducing latency between a sending entity and a receiving entity. This may be enabled by arranging a receiver model at a sending entity, the receiving model being used by the sending entity to predict receiver behavior, and a sender model at the receiving entity, the sender model being used to predict the sending entity behavior. As the receiving model and the sending model are synchronized with each other and the entities are able to predict each other's behavior, latency between the sending entity to the receiving entity and the amount of information transmitted from the sending entity to the receiving entity may be reduced. Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: Devices, methods and computer program products for managing quality of monitoring models for collection of performance and/or sensing data are disclosed. A communication network node device sets up a quality of monitoring function for managing a quality of monitoring, QoM, model that defines QoM classes for processing and compressing a performance and/or sensing data stream via selection of data to be included in the performance and/or sensing data stream. The communication network node device causes a first message notifying about the set up QMF to be transmitted towards at least one first target rendezvous point, RP, in the communication network, each RP being configured to aggregate at least one of performance and/or sensing data streams or QoM models.

Abstract: Devices, methods and computer program products for managing quality of monitoring models for collection of performance and/or sensing data are disclosed. A communication network node device sets up a quality of monitoring function for managing a quality of monitoring, QoM, model that defines QoM classes for processing and compressing a performance and/or sensing data stream via selection of data to be included in the performance and/or sensing data stream. The communication network node device causes a first message notifying about the set up QMF to be transmitted towards at least one first target rendezvous point, RP, in the communication network, each RP being configured to aggregate at least one of performance and/or sensing data streams or QoM models.

Abstract: There is provided a method in a first device of a cellular communication system, the method comprising: acquiring a first value of a performance indicator; causing a transmission of management plane performance data to a second device of the cellular communication system, said performance data comprising said first value; acquiring a second value of the performance indicator; and preventing a transmission of the second value if the second value is substantially equal to the first value.

Abstract: There is provided a method in a first device of a cellular communication system, the method comprising: acquiring a first value of a performance indicator; causing a transmission of management plane performance data to a second device of the cellular communication system, said performance data comprising said first value; acquiring a second value of the performance indicator; and preventing a transmission of the second value if the second value is substantially equal to the first value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for calibrating a first sensor in a changing operating environment by a calibration process. Sensor data are received from the first sensor and sensor values are received from a known calibrating sensor. A sensor specific model is maintained for the first sensor. Calibration needs are detected by estimating a drift and an error, taking into account a difference of sensor values to the known calibrating sensor and further taking into account a sensor profile of the first sensor. A correction factor or a correction model is estimated to the sensor data using said difference and used for calibrating the sensor. The correction factor or the correction model is derived from the sensor specific model.

Abstract: A method, a proxy, a device, a system, and a computer program product for enabling authentication is provided. Authentication is enabled by receiving by a proxy a security token from an authentication provider, the security token including authentication information, receiving by the proxy an authentication request directed to the authentication provider or to the proxy, determining by the proxy whether the authentication information corresponds to the authentication request, and in case the authentication information corresponds to the authentication request, providing by the proxy the security token as a response to the authentication request.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for generating an estimation of earth's gravity. The method includes: obtaining one or more acceleration data values and one or more orientation data values over a period of time; generating magnitude of orientation change from the orientation data values; determining a stability value based on the acceleration data values and the magnitude of orientation change; comparing the determined stability value to a threshold value; and generating an estimation of earth's gravity over the period of time on the basis of the acceleration data values if the comparison indicates that the determined stability value is below the threshold value. Also disclosed is an apparatus implementing the method.

Abstract: In some examples, context information is determined. The context information is associated with a user and based on information of a communication device associated with the user. The context information is obfuscated based on a user information, such privacy policy, user profile, user preferences, user activity, and/or any combination of the aforementioned, associated with the user. In other examples, the context information is determined based on a user location and/or user information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for generating an estimation of earth's gravity. The method includes: obtaining one or more acceleration data values and one or more orientation data values over a period of time; generating magnitude of orientation change from the orientation data values; determining a stability value based on the acceleration data values and the magnitude of orientation change; comparing the determined stability value to a threshold value; and generating an estimation of earth's gravity over the period of time on the basis of the acceleration data values if the comparison indicates that the determined stability value is below the threshold value. Also disclosed is an apparatus implementing the method.

Abstract: Location information is provided with an authenticator in order to enable future providing of an authentication to a service or application making use of the location information. The authenticator is based on a cryptographic method known by a provider and recipient of and also optionally based on position data provided by the location information. The authenticator is carried as a watermark in the location information so that the location information can be used by prior existing systems and enables the authentication of the location information in compatible authentication enabled systems. On receiving the location information, an authentication enabled recipient obtains the authenticator from the location information and checks using the authenticator whether use of the location information may be allowed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for facilitating content distribution. A method may include receiving, at an edge proxy apparatus, a subscription request indicating content to which a subscriber is to be subscribed. The method may further include creating a flow token including content relation information referencing the indicated content and state information enabling delivery of subscribed content to a subscriber apparatus associated with the subscriber. The method may additionally include causing the flow token to be provided to a lookup service apparatus configured to provide access to flow tokens to one or more content publishers. A corresponding apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: An approach is provided for managing desktop components. A device determines to facilitate access to at least one interface for subscribing to one or more inputs of one or more desktop components, advertising the availability of one or more subscriptions to one or more outputs of the one or more desktop components, publishing the one or more outputs of the one or more desktop components, or a combination thereof. The one or more desktop components generate the one or more outputs based, at least in part, on the one or more inputs.

Abstract: An approach is provided for managing desktop components. A device determines to facilitate access to at least one interface for subscribing to one or more inputs of one or more desktop components, advertising the availability of one or more subscriptions to one or more outputs of the one or more desktop components, publishing the one or more outputs of the one or more desktop components, or a combination thereof. The one or more desktop components generate the one or more outputs based, at least in part, on the one or more inputs.

Abstract: A method and related apparatus, the method comprising: detecting, in a device, an event triggering a web resource related to a web page; estimating energy consumption of the event triggering the web resource; comparing the estimated energy consumption to a predetermined value of available energy budget; and in response to the estimated energy consumption exceeding the predetermined value of the available energy budget, indicating the exceeding to the user of the device.

Abstract: An apparatus for enabling provision of energy-aware connection and code offloading may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured, with the processor, to cause the apparatus to perform at least monitoring, at a client terminal, communications or processes associated with at least two applications of the client terminal, determining whether a trigger condition associated with the communications or processes monitored is met based at least on a directed graph defining a plurality of triggers for different applications and corresponding inputs and outputs associated with each respective trigger, and determining whether to direct an operational adjustment with respect to at least one of the communications or processes monitored based at least on profile information in response to the trigger condition being met. A corresponding method and computer program product are also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for facilitating content distribution. A method may include receiving, at an edge proxy apparatus, a subscription request indicating content to which a subscriber is to be subscribed. The method may further include creating a flow token including content relation information referencing the indicated content and state information enabling delivery of subscribed content to a subscriber apparatus associated with the subscriber. The method may additionally include causing the flow token to be provided to a lookup service apparatus configured to provide access to flow tokens to one or more content publishers. A corresponding apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A method and related apparatus, the method comprising: detecting, in a device, an event triggering a web resource related to a web page; estimating energy consumption of the event triggering the web resource; comparing the estimated energy consumption to a predetermined value of available energy budget; and in response to the estimated energy consumption exceeding the predetermined value of the available energy budget, indicating the exceeding to the user of the device.

Abstract: An approach is provided for a distributed storage system. A device determines to publish a request for content, the request based, at least in part, on one or more criteria. One or more responses are received from one or more storage blocks that have one or more subscriptions to at least one of the one or more criteria. Another request, to transfer the content to at least one destination subscription is published based, at least in part, on the one or more responses.

Abstract: The invention relates to data transmission and updating data from one location to another. The invention offers methods, apparatuses and computer programs for forming client data chunks corresponding to server data chunks, for forming client digests and a parent client digest, for sending the parent client digest to a server, and in response to the sending of the parent client digest, for receiving instructions from the server for forming a client data item, and for forming the first client data item at the client using the client data chunks.