Abstract: A method of forming a glass electrochemical sensor is described. In some embodiments, the method may include forming a plurality of electrical through glass vias (TGVs) in an electrode substrate; filling each of the plurality of electrical TGVs with an electrode material; forming a plurality of contact TGVs in the electrode substrate; filling each of the plurality of contact TGVs with a conductive material; patterning the conductive material to connect the electrical TGVs with the contact TGVs; forming a cavity in a first glass layer; and bonding a first side of the first glass layer to the electrode substrate.

Abstract: A composite includes a first substrate and a second substrate joined in a bonding region, wherein the first substrate comprises a first Peak Force Tensile Strength and the second Peak Force Tensile Strength. The first Peak Force Tensile Strength is greater than or equal to the second Peak Force Tensile Strength. The bonding region has a Bond Density of about 10% to about 22%; and a Composite Tensile Strength at Peak Force that is within about 15% of the second Peak Force Tensile Strength.

Abstract: A composite includes a first substrate and a second substrate joined in a bonding region, wherein the first substrate comprises a first Peak Force Tensile Strength and the second Peak Force Tensile Strength. The first Peak Force Tensile Strength is greater than or equal to the second Peak Force Tensile Strength. The bonding region has a Bond Density of about 10% to about 22%; and a Composite Tensile Strength at Peak Force that is within about 15% of the second Peak Force Tensile Strength.

Abstract: A composite includes a first substrate and a second substrate joined in a bonding region, wherein the first substrate comprises a first Peak Force Tensile Strength and the second Peak Force Tensile Strength. The first Peak Force Tensile Strength is greater than or equal to the second Peak Force Tensile Strength. The bonding region has a Bond Density of about 10% to about 22%; and a Composite Tensile Strength at Peak Force that is within about 15% of the second Peak Force Tensile Strength.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a transfer assembly for transferring articles from a first moving carrier to a second moving carrier is provided. The method comprises providing a programmable motor and a motor control system. The motor control system and the programmable motor define an excitation frequency. The method comprises providing a carrier member comprising a housing comprising a wall and shifting a natural frequency of the carrier member by forming the wall with a first carbon fiber layer having a first fiber orientation extending in a first direction and with a second carbon fiber layer having a second fiber orientation extending in a second direction that is different than the first direction. The shifting the natural frequency establishes the natural frequency of the carrier member to be at least 1.1 times greater than or at least 1.1 times less than the excitation frequency.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring one or more articles from a first carrier moving at a first speed to a second carrier moving at a second speed that is different than the first speed is provided. The apparatus comprises a programmable motor and a carrier member operably engaged with the programmable motor. The carrier member comprises a housing comprising a wall and an outer surface configured to receive the one or more articles from the first moving carrier in a receiving zone and configured to deposit the one or more articles onto the second moving carrier in an application zone. The wall comprises carbon fiber. The programmable motor is configured to move the outer surface of the housing at a third speed through the receiving zone and at a fourth speed through the application zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring an article from a first carrier moving at a first speed to a second carrier moving at a second speed is provided. The apparatus comprises a programmable motor and a carrier member operably engaged with the programmable motor. The carrier member comprises a housing comprising a wall defining an interior space and an outer surface configured to receive the article from the first carrier in a receiving zone and configured to deposit the article onto the second carrier in an application zone. The carrier member comprises a support member comprising carbon fiber at least partially positioned within the interior space of the housing and connected with a portion of the wall. The programmable motor is configured to move the outer surface of the carrier member at a third speed through the receiving zone and at a fourth speed through the application zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring an article from a first carrier moving at a first speed to a second carrier moving at a second speed is provided. The apparatus comprises a programmable motor and a carrier member operably engaged with the programmable motor. The carrier member comprises a housing comprising a wall defining an interior space and an outer surface configured to receive the article from the first carrier in a receiving zone and configured to deposit the article onto the second carrier in an application zone. The carrier member comprises a support member comprising carbon fiber at least partially positioned within the interior space of the housing and connected with a portion of the wall. The programmable motor is configured to move the outer surface of the carrier member at a third speed through the receiving zone and at a fourth speed through the application zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring one or more articles from a first carrier moving at a first speed to a second carrier moving at a second speed that is different than the first speed is provided. The apparatus comprises a programmable motor and a carrier member operably engaged with the programmable motor. The carrier member comprises a housing comprising a wall and an outer surface configured to receive the one or more articles from the first moving carrier in a receiving zone and configured to deposit the one or more articles onto the second moving carrier in an application zone. The wall comprises carbon fiber. The programmable motor is configured to move the outer surface of the housing at a third speed through the receiving zone and at a fourth speed through the application zone.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a transfer assembly for transferring articles from a first moving carrier to a second moving carrier is provided. The method comprises providing a programmable motor and a motor control system. The motor control system and the programmable motor define an excitation frequency. The method comprises providing a carrier member comprising a housing comprising a wall and shifting a natural frequency of the carrier member by forming the wall with a first carbon fiber layer having a first fiber orientation extending in a first direction and with a second carbon fiber layer having a second fiber orientation extending in a second direction that is different than the first direction. The shifting the natural frequency establishes the natural frequency of the carrier member to be at least 1.1 times greater than or at least 1.1 times less than the excitation frequency.