Abstract: A catalyst includes a layered double hydroxide and a metal particle. The layered double hydroxide includes ions of at least two transition metals. The metal particle includes at least one transition metal. The metal particle has a surface coated with the layered double hydroxide.

Abstract: A layered double hydroxide of the present disclosure includes two or more transition metals and a chelating agent. The layered double hydroxide has an average particle diameter of 10 nm or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure aims to enhance controllability of a lighting apparatus and increase durability. A lighting apparatus includes a light source; a condenser that converges first light emitted from the light source onto a predetermined focal position of a wavelength conversion element as converged light; the wavelength conversion element that receives the converged light and emits second light at an emission point; and a projection lens that projects the second light as projection light. The lighting apparatus changes the focal position of the condenser lens to change the emission point of the second light to the projection lens, thereby being capable of projecting the second light in any direction.

Abstract: A projection apparatus of the present disclosure includes a light-emitting element for emitting excitation light, a wavelength converter for receiving the excitation light, converting the excitation light into light of a different wavelength, and emitting the converted light as radiation light, and an optical filter for receiving the radiation light. The optical filter reflects long-wavelength light of wavelengths longer than wavelengths of the radiation light. With this configuration, the optical filter reflects long-wavelength light of wavelengths longer than wavelengths of the radiation light, thus being able to prevent the wavelength converter from being irradiated with long-wavelength light, and being able to prevent deterioration of the wavelength converter.

Abstract: A lamp includes: first and second semiconductor light-emitting elements adapted to emit excitation light; a wavelength conversion element adapted to convert the excitation light into light having a peak wavelength different from that of the excitation light; and a concave mirror adapted to reflect the excitation light emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting elements to the wavelength conversion element and reflect the light from the wavelength conversion element toward an outside of the lamp. A distance y1 from an optical axis of the first semiconductor light-emitting element to an optical axis of the concave mirror satisfies (D+Dphos)/2?y1?4f, and a distance y2 from an optical axis of the second semiconductor light-emitting element to the optical axis of the concave mirror satisfies 4f<y2?R.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus of the disclosure includes a semiconductor light-emitting element and a light conversion element. The semiconductor light-emitting element has a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide. The light conversion element has a first light converter and a second light converter. A first emitted light emitted from first optical waveguide enters the first light converter and a second emitted light emitted from the second optical waveguide enters the second light converter. First power applied to the first optical waveguide and second power applied to the second optical waveguide are independent.

Abstract: An oxychloride phosphor of the present disclosure includes divalent Eu arranged as an augmenting agent, at part of locations. The locations correspond to site of at least two kinds of predetermined substances included in a host crystal. A rate of the number of the divalent Eu with respect to the sum of the number of moles of the predetermined substance and the number of moles of the divalent Eu is less than 2%. When the predetermined substance is represented by A, the oxychloride phosphor is represented by a general formula of xAO.yEuO.SiO2.zCl. In this formula, A represents Sr and Ca, or Sr, Ca, and Mg, y indicates a value of not less than 0.002 and not more than 0.02, x+y indicates a value of more than 1.00 and not more than 1.30, and z indicates a value of not less than 0.20 and not more than 0.70.

Abstract: A red phosphor material includes an essential component represented by a formula of A2-2xRxEuySmzLnx-y-zM2O8 as a main component, where A represents at least one selected from Ca and Sr; R represents at least one selected from Li, Na, and K; Ln represents at least one selected from La, Gd, and Y; M represents at least one selected from W and Mo; and x, y, and z are numerical values that satisfy 0.2?x?0.7, 0.2?y+z?0.6, 0.005?z?0.04, and x?y?z?0. A light-emitting device includes an excitation light source and the red phosphor material that absorbs excitation light emitted by the excitation light source and emits red light.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion member includes: a heat conducting layer; a sapphire substrate having a third surface directly contact with a second surface of the heat conducting layer and the fourth surface opposite to the third surface; and a phosphor layer having a fifth surface directly contact with the fourth surface and a sixth surface opposite to the fifth surface, the phosphor layer including phosphor. At least one of an area of a first surface and an area of the second surface of the heat conducting layer is at least 2800 times as large as an area of the sixth surface of the phosphor layer. At least one of an area of the third surface and an area of the fourth surface of the sapphire substrate is at least two times as large as the area of the sixth surface of the phosphor layer.

Abstract: A phosphor includes a host crystal including Sr3MgSi2O8 crystal and SrMgSiO4 crystal and also includes Eu2+, or Eu2+ and Mn2+ as luminescent centers. Alternatively, a phosphor includes a host crystal including Sr3MgSi2O8 crystal and SrMgSiO4 and also includes Eu2+ as a luminescent center, the phosphor being free from Mn2+ as a luminescent center. A light-emitting device includes a phosphor layer containing the phosphor. A projector and a vehicle include the light-emitting device.

Abstract: A red phosphor material comprising an essential component represented by a formula of ALn1-x-yEuxSmyM2O8 as a main component, where A represents at least one selected from Li, Na, and K; Ln represents at least one selected from La and Gd; M represents at least one selected from W and Mo; and x and y are numerical values that satisfy 0.1?x+y?0.7 and 0.005?y?0.08. A light-emitting device includes an excitation light source and the red phosphor material that absorbs excitation light emitted by the excitation light source and emits red light.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxynitride silicate fluorescent substance capable of output a light having a high luminance even when irradiated by an exciting light having a high energy density. The present invention is a yellow fluorescent substance represented by a chemical formula (Ba1-x-y-z,Srx)aSibOcNd:Eu2+y,Y3+z (0.9?a?1.1, 1.9?b?2.1, 1.9?c?2.1, 1.9?d?2.1, 0?x?1, 0<y<0.01, and 0?z<0.01).

Abstract: A fluorescent material according to an aspect of the present disclosure mainly comprises a compound represented by AB0.5-w-x-y-zCwEuxSmyLnzW0.5O3. A is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and mainly contains Ca. B is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of divalent metals and mainly contains Mg. C is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and mainly contains Li, Na, or Li and Na. Ln is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements excluding Eu and Sm. w, x, y, and z meet the following conditions: 0.05?w?0.25, 0.05?x+y?0.25, 0.0?y?0.02, and w=x+y+z.

Abstract: The present disclosure aims to enhance controllability of a lighting apparatus and increase durability. A lighting apparatus includes a light source; a condenser that converges first light emitted from the light source onto a predetermined focal position of a wavelength conversion element as converged light; the wavelength conversion element that receives the converged light and emits second light at an emission point; and a projection lens that projects the second light as projection light. The lighting apparatus changes the focal position of the condenser lens to change the emission point of the second light to the projection lens, thereby being capable of projecting the second light in any direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a (Ba1?z,Srz)3MgSi2O8:Eu2+ based phosphor with high emission quantum efficiency. Specifically, the present disclosure provides a blue light emitting phosphor including: a (Ba1?z,Srz)3MgSi2O8 based crystal where z satisfies 0?z<1 and a (Ba1?z,Srz)MgSiO4 based crystal where z satisfies 0?z<1 as a host crystal; and Eu2+ as a luminescent center.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus of the disclosure includes a semiconductor light-emitting element and a light conversion element. The semiconductor light-emitting element has a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide. The light conversion element has a first light converter and a second light converter. A first emitted light emitted from first optical waveguide enters the first light converter and a second emitted light emitted from the second optical waveguide enters the second light converter. First power applied to the first optical waveguide and second power applied to the second optical waveguide are independent.

Abstract: A fluorescent material according to an aspect of the present disclosure mainly comprises a compound represented by AB0.5-w-x-y-zCwEuxSmyLnzW0.5O3. A is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and mainly contains Ca. B is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of divalent metals and mainly contains Mg. C is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and mainly contains Li, Na, or Li and Na. Ln is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements excluding Eu and Sm. w, x, y, and z meet the following conditions: 0.05?w?0.25, 0.05?x+y?0.25, 0.0?y?0.02, and w=x+y+z.

Abstract: A projection apparatus of the present disclosure includes a light-emitting element for emitting excitation light, a wavelength converter for receiving the excitation light, converting the excitation light into light of a different wavelength, and emitting the converted light as radiation light, and an optical filter for receiving the radiation light. The optical filter reflects long-wavelength light of wavelengths longer than wavelengths of the radiation light. With this configuration, the optical filter reflects long-wavelength light of wavelengths longer than wavelengths of the radiation light, thus being able to prevent the wavelength converter from being irradiated with long-wavelength light, and being able to prevent deterioration of the wavelength converter.

Abstract: An object of the disclosure is to provide a chip resistor without causing the disconnection in atmosphere of sulfidizing gas and without precipitating silver sulfide on its surface. The chip resistor of the present disclosure includes a resistor layer disposed on a top surface of a substrate; a first upper electrode layer disposed at both sides of the resistor layer and being electrically connected to the resistor layer; and a second upper electrode layer disposed on the first upper electrode layer and including between 75% by weight and 85% by weight (inclusive) of silver particles with an average particle diameter ranging from 0.3 um to 2 um, between 1% by weight and 10% by weight (inclusive) of carbon, and a resin.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element includes a phosphor layer including phosphor particles configured to be excited by light from a light source and a matrix located among the phosphor particles; and a column-shaped structural body including at least two kinds of column-shaped bodies periodically arranged and in contact with the phosphor layer. The column-shaped bodies have different heights and/or different thicknesses. The column-shaped structural body is a photonic crystal.