Abstract: An AMD risk evaluation method is provided. The concentrations of a set of evaluation elements contained in a serum sample 2 taken from a subject are measured (step S1), the concentration data of the set of evaluation elements thus measured are applied to a predetermined discriminant function to perform an operation (step S2); and whether or not the subject suffers from AMD is discriminated based on the operation result obtained by applying the concentration data to the discriminant function (step S3). The discrimination is carried out in accordance with the concentration balance (pattern) of the set of evaluation elements. The set of evaluation elements is designated by choosing all or part of specific elements that have the concentration data for both of the case group and the control group based on the discriminant abilities in arbitrary combinations of the specific elements.

Abstract: A cancer evaluation method includes a step S1 of measuring the concentrations of a set of evaluation elements in a serum sample 2 taken from a subject, a step S2 of applying the concentration data of the set of elements to a predetermined discriminant function to perform an operation; and a step S3 of discriminating whether or not the subject suffers from any type of cancer based on the operation result obtained using the concentration data and the discriminant function. The discrimination is carried out in accordance with the concentration balance (pattern) of the set of elements. Preferably, the set of elements are 7 elements of S, P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Ti, and Rb, or 16 elements of Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Rb, Ag, Sn, and S.

Abstract: A cancer risk evaluation method is provided, which makes it possible to estimate the risk of suffering from cancer of a subject with high accuracy, which do not have the disadvantages of early degeneration and high cost that arise in the case where the in-blood amino acid concentrations are utilized, and which are capable of estimating which site of cancer a subject has. This method includes the step S1 of measuring the concentrations of a set of evaluation elements contained in a serum sample 2 taken from a subject, the step S2 of applying concentration data of the set of elements thus measured and age data of the subject to a discriminant function or functions for discriminating to which of a case group and a control group the subject belongs to perform an operation; and the step S3 of obtaining an indicator for discriminating whether or not the subject suffers from any type of cancer based on a correlation among the set of evaluation elements obtained in the step S2.

Abstract: A cancer evaluation method includes a step S1 of measuring the concentrations of a set of evaluation elements in a serum sample 2 taken from a subject, a step S2 of applying the concentration data of the set of elements to a predetermined discriminant function to perform an operation; and a step S3 of discriminating whether or not the subject suffers from any type of cancer based on the operation result obtained using the concentration data and the discriminant function. The discrimination is carried out in accordance with the concentration balance (pattern) of the set of elements. Preferably, the set of elements are 7 elements of S, P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Ti, and Rb, or 16 elements of Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Rb, Ag, Sn, and S.

Abstract: A novel measuring method which allows measurement of fine particles which are extremely fine and contained in a very small amount in ultrapure water is provided. The number frequency with respect to the fine particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 ?m or more is measured based on the finding that the fine particles contained in the ultrapure water at the use point of an ultrapure water production system exhibits a logarithmic normal distribution to determine the logarithmic normal distribution of the fine particles contained in the ultrapure water, and the number of the fine particles having a particle diameter of less than those of the measured particles contained in the ultrapure water is obtained from the distribution.

Abstract: A novel measuring method which allows measurement of fine particles which are extremely fine and contained in a very small amount in ultrapure water is provided. The number frequency with respect to the fine particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 ?m or more is measured based on the finding that the fine particles contained in the ultrapure water at the use point of an ultrapure water production system exhibits a logarithmic normal distribution to determine the logarithmic normal distribution of the fine particles contained in the ultrapure water, and the number of the fine particles having a particle diameter of less than those of the measured particles contained in the ultrapure water is obtained from the distribution.