Abstract: A method for introducing a genome editing enzyme into a plant cell includes: treating the cell with plasma; and then bringing the cell into contact with the genome editing enzyme in the presence of a di- or higher-valent metal cation.

Abstract: A bonded body includes a ceramic substrate and a copper plate, in which the copper plate is bonded to the ceramic substrate via a bonding layer, the copper plate includes a surface perpendicular to a direction in which the ceramic substrate and the copper plate are bonded, and a number percentage of copper crystal grains having major diameters greater than 400 ?m in three 5 mm×5 mm regions included in the surface is not less than 0% and not more than 5%. The bonding temperature is favorably not more than 800° C. The number percentage of the copper crystal grains having major diameters greater than 400 ?m is favorably not more than 1%.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, when a DSC curve is measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) for a brazing material for bonding a ceramic substrate and a metal plate, the brazing material has an endothermic peak within a range of not less than 550° C. and not more than 700° C. in a heating process. The brazing material favorably includes Ag, Cu, and Ti. The brazing material favorably has not less than two of the endothermic peaks within a range of not less than 550° C. and not more than 650° C. in the heating process.

Abstract: A laminate structure includes a first layer as a substrate and a second layer provided on the first layer. The second layer is composed of a rubber composition including a rubber component, first fine particles for providing a surface with irregularity, and second fine particles for shielding UV-C light. When performing Raman mapping analysis on a first peak derived from oscillation of the second fine particles in Raman scattering spectrum obtained by Raman scattering measurement of the second layer, the second layer includes a region where an intensity of the first peak is greater in an area where the first fine particles are not present than an area where the first fine particles are present.

Abstract: A bonded body according to an embodiment includes a substrate, a metal member, and a bonding layer. The bonding layer is provided between the substrate and the metal member. The bonding layer includes a first particle including carbon, a first region including a metal, and a second region including titanium. The second region is provided between the first particle and the first region. A concentration of titanium in the second region is greater than a concentration of titanium in the first region.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a magnetic material. The method includes preparing magnetic metal particles containing at least one magnetic metal selected from a first group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni, and at least one non-magnetic metal selected from a second group consisting of Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Zr, Ti, Hf, Zn, Mn, Ba, Sr, Cr, Mo, Ag, Ga, Sc, V, Y, Nb, Pb, Cu, In, Sn and rare earth elements, pulverizing and reaggregating the magnetic metal particles, and thereby forming composite particles containing a magnetic metal phase and an interstitial phase, and heat-treating the composite particles at a temperature of from 50° C. to 800° C. The particle size distribution of the magnetic metal particles in the preparing magnetic metal particles has two or more peaks.

Abstract: A vapor separator in an embodiment is arranged between a first space and a second space, and is used to allow vapor existing in the first space to permeate the second space by making a vapor pressure in the second space lower than a vapor pressure in the first space. The vapor separator in the embodiment includes: a porous body having a first face, a second face opposite to the first face, and fine pores passing from the first face to the second face; and a soluble absorbent existing in the fine pores of the porous body.

Abstract: A vapor separator in an embodiment is arranged between a first space and a second space, and is used to allow vapor existing in the first space to permeate in the second space by making a vapor pressure in the second space lower than a vapor pressure in the first space. The vapor separator in the embodiment includes: a porous body including a first face in contact with the first space and having a convexo-concave structure, a second face in contact with the second space, and fine pores passing to the second face from at least wall of the first face which constitutes the convexo-concave structure; and water existing in the fine pores of the porous body.

Abstract: The soft magnetic material of embodiments includes flattened magnetic metal particles including at least one magnetic metal selected from iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), each of the flattened magnetic metal particles having a thickness of from 10 nm to 100 ?m, an aspect ratio of from 5 to 10,000, and a lattice strain of from 0.01% to 10%, and being oriented with magnetic anisotropy in one direction within aligned flattened surface; and an interposed phase existing between the flattened magnetic metal particles and including at least one of oxygen (O), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and fluorine (F).

Abstract: A gas separator of an embodiment includes: a honeycomb base having a plurality of through holes juxtaposed and made apart from one another by partition walls extending between a first face and a second face; and porous aggregates of inorganic material particles filled in the through holes and each having a third face and a fourth face. The porous aggregates each include pores passing from the third face to the fourth face among the inorganic material particles, and air permeability of the porous aggregates from the third faces to the fourth faces is not less than 1×10?14 m2 nor more than 1×10?11 m2.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic material including a plurality of flat particles containing a magnetic metal, and a matrix phase disposed around the flat particles and having higher electrical resistance than the flat particles. In a cross-section of the magnetic material, the aspect ratio of the flat particles is 10 or higher. If the major axis of one of the flat particles is designated as L and the length of a straight line connecting two endpoints of the flat particle is designated as W, the proportion of the area surrounded by the outer peripheries of parts in which flat particles satisfying the relationship: W ?0.95×L are continuously laminated, is 10% or more of the cross-section.

Abstract: A fuel synthesis catalyst of an embodiment for hydrogenating a gas includes at least one selected from the group consisting of; carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, the catalyst comprising, a base material containing at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of; Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, and SiO2, first metals containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of; Ni, Co, Fe, and Cu and brought into contact with the base material, and a first oxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of; CeO2, ZrO2, TiO2, and SiO2 and having an interface with each of the first metals and the base material. The first metals exist on an outer surface of the base material, and on a surface of the base material in fine pores having opening ends on the outer surface of the base material and inside the base material. The first metals and the first oxide exist in the fine pores. The first metals have interfaces with the base material in the fine pores.

Abstract: The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a phosphor improved in the emission intensity maintenance ratio without impairing the emission intensity. The phosphor is a silicofluoride phosphor and shows an IR absorption spectrum satisfying the conditions of 0?I2/I1?0.01 and 6.7?(I3/I1)/CMn. In those conditional formulas, I1, I2 and I3 are intensities of the maximum peaks in the ranges of 1200 to 1240 cm?1, 3570 to 3610 cm?1 and 635 to 655 cm?1, respectively, and CMn is a weight percent of Mn contained the phosphor.

Abstract: The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a phosphor improved in the emission intensity maintenance ratio without impairing the emission intensity. The phosphor is a silicofluoride phosphor and shows an IR absorption spectrum satisfying the conditions of 0?I2/I1?0.01 and 6.7?(I3/I1)/CMn. In those conditional formulas, I1, I2 and I3 are intensities of the maximum peaks in the ranges of 1200 to 1240 cm?1, 3570 to 3610 cm?1 and 635 to 655 cm?1, respectively, and CMn is a weight percent of Mn contained the phosphor.

Abstract: A fuel synthesis catalyst of an embodiment for hydrogenating a gas includes at least one selected from the group consisting of; carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, the catalyst comprising, a base material containing at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of; Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, and SiO2, first metals containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of; Ni, Co, Fe, and Cu and brought into contact with the base material, and a first oxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of; CeO2, ZrO2, TiO2, and SiO2 and having an interface with each of the first metals and the base material. The first metals exist on an outer surface of the base material, and on a surface of the base material in fine pores having opening ends on the outer surface of the base material and inside the base material. The first metals and the first oxide exist in the fine pores. The first metals have interfaces with the base material in the fine pores.

Abstract: A vapor separator in an embodiment is arranged between a first space and a second space, and is used to allow vapor existing in the first space to permeate in the second space by making a vapor pressure in the second space lower than a vapor pressure in the first space. The vapor separator in the embodiment includes: a porous body including a first face in contact with the first space and having a convexo-concave structure, a second face in contact with the second space, and fine pores passing to the second face from at least wall of the first face which constitutes the convexo-concave structure; and water existing in the fine pores of the porous body.

Abstract: A heat exchanger according to an embodiment includes an air supply path through which supply air supplied to a target space from the outside of the target space passes; an exhaust path through which exhaust air discharged from the target space to the outside of the target space passes; a partition member that divides the air supply path and the exhaust path and performs heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust air; a separation member that adsorbs moisture in the air or discharges the adsorbed moisture to the air; and a decompression path that is provided at the air supply path side, is divided from the air supply path by the separation member, and is connected to a decompression pump.

Abstract: The soft magnetic material of embodiments includes flattened magnetic metal particles including at least one magnetic metal selected from iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), each of the flattened magnetic metal particles having a thickness of from 10 nm to 100 ?m, an aspect ratio of from 5 to 10,000, and a lattice strain of from 0.01% to 10%, and being oriented with magnetic anisotropy in one direction within aligned flattened surface; and an interposed phase existing between the flattened magnetic metal particles and including at least one of oxygen (O), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and fluorine (F).

Abstract: A vapor separator in an embodiment is arranged between a first space and a second space, and is used to allow vapor existing in the first space to permeate the second space by making a vapor pressure in the second space lower than a vapor pressure in the first space. The vapor separator in the embodiment includes: a porous body having a first face, a second face opposite to the first face, and fine pores passing from the first face to the second face; and a soluble absorbent existing in the fine pores of the porous body.

Abstract: A water collecting system of an embodiment has a water supplying unit with a water-permeable membrane, a first chamber and a second chamber separated from the first chamber by the permeable membrane, a vacuum unit, a water collecting unit collecting liquid water, a first switching valve, a cooling unit cooling the water collecting unit; and an air blowing unit sending first gas to the first chamber. The second chamber, the vacuum unit, the water collecting unit, and the first switching valve comprise a first loop circuit in which second gas flow. The vacuum unit decompresses the second gas flowing in the first loop circuit and reduces a pressure in the second gas in comparison with a pressure in the first gas. The cooling unit collects the liquid water by cooling the second gas passing through the water collecting unit and condensing gaseous water included in the second gas.