Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes an organic compound layer containing luminescent sections placed between substantially transparent electrodes. An insulating light absorption layer is in contact with first electrodes, and the light absorption layer is placed between a substrate and the first electrodes.

Abstract: A metal coordination compound having a basic structure represented by formula: MLmL′n (1), wherein M is a metal atom of Ir, Pt, Rh or Pd; L and L′ are mutually different bidentate ligands; m is 1, 2 or 3; wherein at least one bidentate ligand has a partial structure formed by condensation via an alkylene group having 2-10 carbon atoms, is provided. In an electroluminescence device composed of one or a plurality of organic films disposed between a cathode and an anode, at least one layer is a luminescence layer which is formed by incorporating luminescence molecules constituting the metal coordination compound having a structure of the formula (1) described above as a guest material in a host material thereby to provide an electroluminescence device producing luminescence at high efficiency and stably keeping a high luminance for a long period.

Abstract: A luminescence device that has an organic compound layer disposed between a pair of electrodes. This organic compound layer contains a metal coordination compound represented by the following formula (1) wherein M is Ir, Rh or Pd; n is 2 or 3; CyN is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic group containing a nitrogen atom connected to M and capable of containing another nitrogen atom and/or sulfur atom; and CyC is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic group containing a carbon atom connected to M and capable of containing a nitrogen atom and/or a sulfur atom.

Abstract: A luminescence device comprising a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer disposed therebetween. The layer contains a metal coordination compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein M is Ir, Rh or Pd; n is 2 or 3; and X1 to X8 is, independently, a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom; a nitro group; a trifluoromethyl group; a trialkylsilyl group having three linear or branched alkyl groups each independently having 1-8 carbon atoms; and a linear or branched alkyl group having 2-20 carbon atoms capable of including one or at least two non-neighboring methylene groups which can be replaced with —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —C(O)—O—, —O—C(O)—, —CH═CH— or —C≡C— and capable of including hydrogen atom which can be replaced with fluorine atom.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having a high light emitting efficiency and a long light emission lifetime is provided that comprises a pair of electrodes provided on a substrate, and a light emitting layer comprising at least one layer of an organic substance provided between the electrodes, wherein the light emitting layer comprises a first organic substance and a second organic substance mainly concerning a light emission wavelength of the light emitting layer, and wherein the first organic substance comprises a fluorine-containing organic compound.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constructed in such a structure that a plurality of stripe bulkheads substantially perpendicular to a direction of a layer of a smectic liquid crystal are provided on at least one of a pair of substrates retaining the smectic liquid crystal therebetween and that an elastic modulus E of the bulkheads, an outside pressure P, an area A1 of the substrate, a total area A2 of contact surfaces between the bulkheads and the substrate, and a volumetric shrinkage ratio &Dgr;Vlc/Vlc of the smectic liquid crystal within an ambient temperature range of the liquid crystal device satisfy the following relation: (1/E)×P×(A1/A2)≧&Dgr;Vlc/Vlc, whereby the bulkheads become able to be compressed in response to volumetric shrinkage of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: There is provided an organic light-emitting element comprising at least one light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes formed on a substrate and at least two or more light emission center materials included in the light-emitting layer, and that the at least one or more light emission center materials include a phosphorescent light-emitting material, and an excitation lifetime of the light emission center material that emits light having a shortest wavelength is shorter than an excitation lifetime of the other light emission center material, whereby a high-efficiency organic light-emitting element without decreasing a color purity of white light emission can be obtained.

Abstract: A metal coordination compound having a binuclear molecular structure represented by the following formula (1): wherein M1 and M2 independently denotes a metal atom selected from the group consisting of Ir, Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru and Os; P is a quadridentate ligand connected to M1 and M1; Q1 is a bidentate ligand connected to M1; Q2 is a bidentate ligand connected to M2; and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device is made to show an improved carrier transporting ability and an improved carrier injecting property by doping a liquid crystal compound having a high degree of carrier mobility without generating any ionic current. The organic electroluminescence device comprises a carrier transport layer formed by doping a smectic liquid crystal compound having a hexagonal order structure with a Lewis acid compound, a light-emitting layer and a protection layer arranged between the carrier transport layer and the light-emitting layer and composed of an organic compound having a carrier transporting property of the same type as that of carrier transport layer and a carrier conducting property of the type different from that of the carrier transport layer.

Abstract: A driving method for a liquid crystal device comprising a pair of electrodes and a liquid crystal disposed between the electrodes includes a sequence of voltage application operations each comprising application of a reset voltage to the liquid crystal for placing the liquid crystal in a reset state in a reset period and application of a data voltage to the liquid crystal for placing the liquid crystal in a desired gradational display state in a writing period subsequent to the reset period. Each reset voltage is set to provide a prescribed difference in voltage between the each reset voltage and a subsequent data voltage, thus preventing an image memory phenomenon without using an additional reset circuit for exclusively applying the reset voltage to the liquid crystal.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device is constituted by a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode, and an organic luminescence layer of an organic luminescence material and a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal material, respectively disposed between the substrates. The liquid crystal material has an isotropic phase transition temperature lower than a glass transition temperature of the organic luminescence material. The liquid crystal layer has been formed by disposing the liquid crystal material on the organic luminescence layer in an isotropic phase state at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the organic luminescence material and cooling the liquid crystal material to a temperature lower than the isotropic phase transition temperature.

Abstract: A luminescent device having a high luminescence efficiency and a high luminance is provided by using a rhenium coordination compounds the luminescent device comprising a Re complex compound provided between a pair of electrodes on a substrate, wherein the Re complex compound is expressed by the following general formula:

Abstract: A driving method is described for a liquid crystal display device of the active matrix type which includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal disposed between the substrates so as to form a matrix of pixels provided with a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in rows and columns, a plurality of row electrodes and a plurality of column electrodes, respectively, for applying a voltage to the pixels via the pixel electrodes, and a plurality of active elements each provided to a pixel and connected to a pixel electrode, a row electrode and a column electrode, respectively. The driving method includes a field-inversion drive scheme wherein the liquid crystal display device is driven while inverting a polarity of voltage applied to each pixel every picture scanning field.

Abstract: A metal coordination compound having a basic structure represented by formula: MLmL′n (1), wherein M is a metal atom of Ir, Pt, Rh or Pd; L and L′ are mutually different bidentate ligands; m is 1, 2 or 3; wherein at least one bidentate ligand has a partial structure formed by condensation via an alkylene group having 2-10 carbon atoms, is provided. In an electroluminescence device composed of one or a plurality of organic films disposed between a cathode and an anode, at least one layer is a luminescence layer which is formed by incorporating luminescence molecules constituting the metal coordination compound having a structure of the formula (1) described above as a guest material in a host material thereby to provide an electroluminescence device producing luminescence at high efficiency and stably keeping a high luminance for a long period.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having a high light emitting efficiency and a long light emission lifetime is provided that comprises a pair of electrodes provided on a substrate, and a light emitting layer comprising at least one layer of an organic substance provided between the electrodes, wherein the light emitting layer comprises a first organic substance and a second organic substance mainly concerning a light emission wavelength of the light emitting layer, and wherein the first organic substance comprises a fluorine-containing organic compound.

Abstract: A metal coordination compound having a binuclear molecular structure represented by the following formula (1): 1

Abstract: In order to improve the light emission efficiency and the light emission life time of an organic electroluminescent device, the invention provides a method for improving the dispersibility of a light emitting material in the light emitting layer. The light emitting device comprises electrodes consisting of an anode and a cathode provided on a substrate, and an organic light emitting layer between the electrodes, wherein the organic light emitting layer includes a light emitting material and a dopant for improving the dispersibility thereof. As the dopant, there are employed a light emitting compound and a non-light emitting compound or a current enhancing material. In case of employing the light emitting compound, the composition corresponds to a case of utilizing plural light emitting materials, and, in such case, the light emission wavelengths are preferably mutually closer.

Abstract: A motor-assisted bicycle and a power unit therefor in which the power unit is after-mounted on an existing bicycle frame without largely changing the design of the bicycle frame so that an assist power generated from the power unit is input into a chain drive. A power unit is formed with at least three boss forming spaces for forming bosses to be fixed to a bicycle frame. The power unit is fixed to the bicycle frame by selectively using any two of the bosses. The bicycle frame has a support pipe and a down pipe to which flanges are fixed, respectively. The two bosses of the power unit are bolted to the flanges, respectively, thereby fixing the power unit to the bicycle frame. In addition, a motor-assisted bicycle is provided having a chain cover for functionally covering a drive sprocket of a power unit together with a pedal sprocket and a chain without marring the appearance.

Abstract: An electroluminescence device having a layer containing a specific metal coordination compound is provided.

Abstract: An electroluminescence device having a layer containing a specific metal coordination compound is provided.