Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing carbon dioxide from synthesis gas using a hygroscopic, physical absorption medium. The process includes cooling the absorption medium and the synthesis gas; water is at least partially removed from the synthesis gas by condensation; carbon dioxide is removed from the cooled synthesis gas via the cooled absorption medium in a physical absorption step at elevated pressure; laden absorption medium is treated in a plurality of serially arranged flash stages, wherein co-absorbed carbon monoxide and hydrogen are removed from the laden absorption medium in at least one first flash stage, and carbon dioxide is removed from the laden absorption medium in a flash stage arranged downstream of the first flash stage. The process features a high rate of separated carbon dioxide and a pure and dry (anhydrous) carbon dioxide product. The invention further relates to a plant for performing the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for staged separation of concomitants from a raw synthesis gas stream to produce synthesis gas and a sulfur-free naphtha product as a by-product, To remove naphtha compounds and sulfur-containing concomitants, raw synthesis gas is treated with a scrubbing medium in a prescrubbing stage and withdrawn from the prescrubbing stage, and the laden scrubbing medium is mixed with water to bring about a phase separation into a scrubbing medium-water mixture and naphtha, wherein sulfur-containing concomitants are in solution in naphtha. To remove the sulfur-containing concomitants the naphtha is heated to obtain sulfur-free naphtha as a by-product of the gas scrubbing.

Abstract: The invention relates to an absorber column and to the use thereof for separation of unwanted, especially acidic, gas constituents, for example carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, from a crude synthesis gas by absorption with an absorbent, especially under low load states of the absorber column in relation to the synthesis gas velocity. According to the invention, a defined concentration of carbon dioxide in the clean synthesis gas is established by mixing at least a portion of the absorbent regenerated by flash regeneration with the absorbent regenerated by means of hot regeneration prior to the recycling thereof into the absorber column.

Abstract: An absorption column including at least one external heat exchange circuit for cooling or heating the absorption liquid, including one or more serially connected heat exchangers, wherein the junction of the pipeline for withdrawal of the absorption liquid from the column is disposed above the junction of the pipeline into the first heat exchanger in the flow direction, wherein the pipeline also includes a dumped bed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and plant for purifying raw synthesis gas by physical absorption in methanol. A raw synthesis gas stream which includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as desired constituents and water and acid gases as undesired constituents is admixed with methanol and subsequently cooled below the freezing point of water. According to the invention a liquid phase including methanol and water is separated from the cooled raw synthesis gas stream. Acid gases are removed from the remaining gaseous phase by physical absorption in methanol at elevated pressure. Separating the water from the raw synthesis gas stream before the absorption of the acid gases prevents larger amounts of water passing into the methanol circuit of the gas scrubbing process. This achieves savings in resources and certain plant parts may be smaller than is customary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and a corresponding plant for removal of acidic gas constituents from crude synthesis gas which make it possible by treatment of shifted and of unshifted crude synthesis gas in the gas scrubbing process and by combination of the thus-obtained partial product streams to produce a plurality of gas products having different compositions. In addition, the invention ensures that the flash gases obtained during decompression of the laden scrubbing medium are utilized materially and/or energetically in advantageous fashion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process for purifying crude synthesis gas with methanol as a physical absorption medium, wherein an acid gas comprising at least hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced. The acid gas is produced in a hot regenerator arranged downstream of an absorption apparatus and subsequently separated from gaseous methanol in an acid gas separator by cooling and condensation. The acid gas separator has a condensation region and an absorption region, wherein both regions are separated from one another by a gas-permeable tray. This has the result that impurities such as hydrogen cyanide and/or ammonia outgassing from a first acid gas substream are not reabsorbed in the condensation region of the acid gas separator, thus avoiding an accumulation of impurities in the hot regenerator or other parts of the gas scrubbing plant. The invention further relates to an acid gas separator and to the use of the acid gas separator according to the invention in a process according to the invention.

Abstract: Plant and process for separation of sulfur-containing components, H2S, COS and mercaptans from methanol which is used as absorbent within the Rectisol process by hot regeneration of the methanol laden in the absorption and an additional step for separation of the mercaptans from the methanol by stripping.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removal of metal carbonyls from crude synthesis gas in a gas scrubbing process with a physical scrubbing medium. Scrubbing medium laden with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and metal carbonyls is sent to a treatment vessel having a residence time region and a scrubbing region. Metal carbonyls are precipitated from the laden scrubbing medium as metal sulfides in the residence time region. The scrubbing region is supplied with a regenerated scrubbing medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing carbon dioxide from synthesis gas using a hygroscopic, physical absorption medium. The process includes cooling the absorption medium and the synthesis gas; water is at least partially removed from the synthesis gas by condensation; carbon dioxide is removed from the cooled synthesis gas via the cooled absorption medium in a physical absorption step at elevated pressure; laden absorption medium is treated in a plurality of serially arranged flash stages, wherein co-absorbed carbon monoxide and hydrogen are removed from the laden absorption medium in at least one first flash stage, and carbon dioxide is removed from the laden absorption medium in a flash stage arranged downstream of the first flash stage. The process features a high rate of separated carbon dioxide and a pure and dry (anhydrous) carbon dioxide product. The invention further relates to a plant for performing the process.

Abstract: The invention provides a scrubbing column for cleaning gas streams laden with absorbent residues, for example with methanol, and also with solid particles, for example with fuel dust. The gas scrubbing is effected by means of a random packing disposed in the lower region of the scrubbing column and the gas scrubbing of the gas stream laden solely with absorbent residues but not with solid particles by means of a structured packing disposed in the upper region of the scrubbing column. The use of the scrubbing column according to the invention in the integrated plant system between a gasification plant and a plant for gas scrubbing which is operated by the Rectisol process, for example, offers particular advantages with regard to its industrial employability owing to the possible connections described, which bring synergies for efficient operation of the integrated plant system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and plant for purifying raw synthesis gas by physical absorption in methanol. A raw synthesis gas stream which includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as desired constituents and water and acid gases as undesired constituents is admixed with methanol and subsequently cooled below the freezing point of water. According to the invention a liquid phase including methanol and water is separated from the cooled raw synthesis gas stream. Acid gases are removed from the remaining gaseous phase by physical absorption in methanol at elevated pressure. Separating the water from the raw synthesis gas stream before the absorption of the acid gases prevents larger amounts of water passing into the methanol circuit of the gas scrubbing process. This achieves savings in resources and certain plant parts may be smaller than is customary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removal of metal carbonyl from a gas mixture. The gas mixture is subjected to a gas scrubbing in an absorber with methanol as the physical scrubbing liquid to obtain the laden methanol. The metals of the metal carbonyls are at least partially precipitated from the laden methanol as metal sulfides to obtain a first suspension comprising metal sulfides and at least a proportion of the laden methanol. The first suspension is sent to a treatment vessel and therein brought into direct contact with water vapor in countercurrent to obtain a second suspension comprising at least water, methanol and metal sulfides and a gaseous product. The second suspension and the gaseous product are withdrawn from the treatment vessel as separate streams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and a corresponding plant for removal of acidic gas constituents from crude synthesis gas which make it possible by treatment of shifted and of unshifted crude synthesis gas in the gas scrubbing process and by combination of the thus-obtained partial product streams to produce a plurality of gas products having different compositions. In addition, the invention ensures that the flash gases obtained during decompression of the laden scrubbing medium are utilized materially and/or energetically in advantageous fashion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removal of unwanted, in particular acidic gas constituents, for example carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, from a crude synthesis gas by gas scrubbing with a scrubbing medium. According to the invention the flash gases obtained during the decompression of the laden scrubbing medium are supplied to a recompressor in order to recycle these to the crude synthesis gas and thus utilize them materially after the recompression. Alternatively or in addition the flash gases may also be supplied to a decompression turbine to recover refrigeration and mechanical work. If the recompressor and/or the decompression turbine are/is designed to have multiple stages, the flash gases obtained at different pressure levels are preferably supplied to a corresponding pressure level of the recompressor and/or of the decompression turbine.

Abstract: The invention provides a scrubbing column for cleaning gas streams laden with absorbent residues, for example with methanol, and also with solid particles, for example with fuel dust. The gas scrubbing is effected by means of a random packing disposed in the lower region of the scrubbing column and the gas scrubbing of the gas stream laden solely with absorbent residues but not with solid particles by means of a structured packing disposed in the upper region of the scrubbing column. The use of the scrubbing column according to the invention in the integrated plant system between a gasification plant and a plant for gas scrubbing which is operated by the Rectisol process, for example, offers particular advantages with regard to its industrial employability owing to the possible connections described, which bring synergies for efficient operation of the integrated plant system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for staged separation of concomitants from a raw synthesis gas stream to produce synthesis gas and a sulfur-free naphtha product as a by-product, To remove naphtha compounds and sulfur-containing concomitants, raw synthesis gas is treated with a scrubbing medium in a prescrubbing stage and withdrawn from the prescrubbing stage, and the laden scrubbing medium is mixed with water to bring about a phase separation into a scrubbing medium-water mixture and naphtha, wherein sulfur-containing concomitants are in solution in naphtha. To remove the sulfur-containing concomitants the naphtha is heated to obtain sulfur-free naphtha as a by-product of the gas scrubbing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for removal of acidic gas constituents from synthesis gas by absorption in a physical scrubbing medium. A first scrubbing medium laden with at least carbon dioxide (CO2) is supplied to a decompression vessel for depressurization from a first absorption apparatus via a first feed conduit. Furthermore, a second scrubbing medium laden with at least carbon dioxide (CO2) is supplied to the decompression vessel for depressurization from a second absorption apparatus via a second feed conduit. The carbon dioxide concentration in the first laden scrubbing medium is higher than the carbon dioxide concentration in the second laden scrubbing medium.

Abstract: Plant and process for separation of sulfur-containing components, H2S, COS and mercaptans from methanol which is used as absorbent within the Rectisol process by hot regeneration of the methanol laden in the absorption and an additional step for separation of the mercaptans from the methanol by stripping.

Abstract: The invention relates to an absorber column and to the use thereof for separation of unwanted, especially acidic, gas constituents, for example carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, from a crude synthesis gas by absorption with an absorbent, especially under low load states of the absorber column in relation to the synthesis gas velocity. According to the invention, a defined concentration of carbon dioxide in the clean synthesis gas is established by mixing at least a portion of the absorbent regenerated by flash regeneration with the absorbent regenerated by means of hot regeneration prior to the recycling thereof into the absorber column.