Abstract: The operating characteristic of a transistor, modeled by a resistive element having fixed resistance and a power source voltage that varies with time, is segmented into a linearity region in which a current increases as a gate potential varies and a saturation region in which the current gradually decreases as the gate potential remains at a constant level, so that gradual decrease in current in a saturation region of the transistor is properly reflected and a delay time is estimated in a precise manner.

Abstract: The outputting of an output pulse produced in response to the inputting of a data pulse and a clock pulse to a D type flip-flop circuit is repeatedly simulated in a simulation process to extract a pulse time difference between the data pulse and the clock pulse as a timing verification checking value in a checking value extracting process on condition that the level of the output pulse becomes higher than a reference voltage until a simulation completion time and the pulse time difference is within a prescribed range. After the first simulation, an optimum simulation completion time, at which the levels of the data pulse, the clock pulse and the output pulse are respectively set to a constant high value, is determined to be place the optimum simulation completion time between a simulation start time and the simulation completion time, and the level of the output pulse is checked at the optimum simulation completion time in simulations following the first simulation.

Abstract: A gate delay calculation apparatus includes an Rs parameter storage file for prestoring a parameter for expressing a source resistance value of an RC model as a continuous time function, an Rs determination portion for selectively extracting the parameter prestored in the Rs parameter storage file from the amount of input waveform gradient and output load model and a gate delay determination portion for calculating gate delay based on the source resistance value expressed by the parameter extracted by Rs determination portion and the output load model.

Abstract: A gate delay calculation apparatus includes an Rs parameter storage file for prestoring a parameter for expressing a source resistance value of an RC model as a continues time function, an Rs determination portion for selectively extracting the parameter prestored in the Rs parameter storage file from the amount of input waveform gradient and output load model and a gate delay determination portion for calculating gate delay based on the source resistance value expressed by the parameter extracted by Rs determination portion and the output load model.

Abstract: The operating characteristic of a transistor, modeled by a resistive element having fixed resistance and a power source voltage that varies with time, is segmented into a linearity region in which a current increases as a gate potential varies and a saturation region in which the current gradually decreases as the gate potential remains at a constant level, so that gradual decrease in current in a saturation region of the transistor is properly reflected and a delay time is estimated in a precise manner.

Abstract: A braking apparatus for an electric vehicle in which a mechanical anti-lock brake and regenerative braking cooperate with each other to improve a braking performance is realized. On condition that an accelerator is released off, the wheel rotation number is large, and a brake is trod on, a large regeneration mode is selected by a motor controller when a wheel slip is small, and a regeneration mode is selected when the wheel slip is large. When the wheel slip is small, the braking force exerted on each wheel is increased by the brake controller and the regenerative braking force is also increased so that a slip ratio comes quickly closer to 0.2. When the wheel slip is large, the brake controller reduces the braking force so that the slip ratio comes closer to 0.2. In this case, the regenerative braking force is smaller than the above case of the small wheel slip to such an extent that the operation of the brake controller is not disturbed.

Abstract: A method for generating a multisided patch in which the expression form of each boundary curve and topology of the curve network can freely be set, curve formulae can be simply input, and high continuity. By inputting data of boundary curves to multisided patch generator via editing means which generates and edits curves, and blending sweep surfaces in two stages, a free-form surface is generated as a surface interpolating them. That is, data of a plurality of boundary curves is inputted to multisided patch generator, each given curve is swept by sweeping means along the curves intersecting it to generate surfaces, and the surfaces are blended by blending means in two stages, thereby generating a free-form surface.

Abstract: An apparatus induces vibrations in a generator for effectively reducing vibrations of a vehicle engine and the vehicle body due to irregular combustion of the engine. The load torque of a generator fixed to the engine is changed to generate an angle moment on the body of the generator to cancel engine vibrations due to rough idling and suppress body vibrations due to the rough idling. Irregular combustion of the engine is detected from a change in the engine speed, and a voltage higher than the output voltage of the generator is than applied across the field winding to increase the field winding current and hence the load torque on the generator, which induces vibrations on the generator body. When the generator vibrations and vibrations due to irregular combustion are in inverse phase relationship to each other, they are cancelled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrical protective circuit, used when abnormality occurs, in a vibration suppressing apparatus which changes the load torque on a generator such as an alternator fixed on the engine to generate an angle moment on the generator body to cancel rough idling engine vibrations to suppress vehicle body vibrations due to the rough idling. In the inventive vibration suppressing apparatus, a generator is fixed on the engine which generator includes a voltage regulator to control a field winding current such that a fixed voltage is output to a battery. The generation of engine rough idling is detected on the basis of either a change in the engine speed or a change in the engine vibrations. If rough idling is detected, a high voltage circuit is connected to the field winding to increase the field winding current and hence the load torque on the generator.

Abstract: In a vehicle vibration reduction control apparatus for controlling an alternator driven by an engine to charge a battery in such a way that vehicle body vibration due to the engine can be cancelled by alternator vibration, the reference voltage applied to an alternator field coil is reduced by a predetermined value for a predetermined time period, whenever battery terminal voltage exceeds a predetermined level. Since the battery charging rate can be reduced automatically at battery overcharge due to cancellation of engine vibration by alternator vibration, it is possible to prevent the battery from being overcharged when engine vibration increases at idling, for instance.

Abstract: First magnetic angular sensor outputs a sine-wave output and a cosine-wave output corresponding to positions of rotation of a rotary drum being fitted in a rotating drive shaft. Second magnetic angular sensor outputs a sine-wave output and a cosine-wave output corresponding to positions of rotation of another rotary drum being fitted on the rotating drive shaft. In case of the other output of the sine-wave output or the cosine-wave output of the first or the second magnetic angular sensor is varied while one output of the sine-wave output or the cosine-wave output in the first or the second magnetic angular sensor is not varied, the one output cosine-wave output or the sine-wave output of the first or the second magnetic angular sensor is determined to be a fault and an abnormality signal is delivered therefrom.

Abstract: A transistor control device in a power transistor chopper is arranged to charge a capacitor for feeding a base current to the chopper transistor with electrical energy stored in an impedance of a wiring connecting a DC power source to a load to which the load current is supplied from the DC power source through the chopper.

Abstract: A braking control apparatus for an electric motor operated vehicle including contactors for controlling the direction of rotation of a DC electric motor to effect change-over between the forward and backward modes of running of the vehicle, and a chopper circuit whose duty cycle is varied in response to the accelerator position is disclosed to comprise forward/backward change-over detecting means for detecting a change-over from the forward mode of running to the backward mode of running or vice versa, and regenerative braking activating means for effecting regenerative braking whe the forward/backward change-over detecting means detects the occurrence of change-over from the forward to the backward mode of running or vice versa.

Abstract: A system for detecting an output of a controllable semiconductor device includes a controllable semiconductor device, a magnetic amplifier to which an output of the semiconductor device is fedback to control the semiconductor device, and a monitor device for monitoring an output of the magnetic amplifier. The monitor device serves for determining that the output of said semiconductor device exceeds a predetermined level, when the output of the magnetic amplifier is in a remanent output region of the magnetic amplifier.

Abstract: A protective circuit for protecting a main d.c. circuit of the kind comprising a d.c. power source, a d.c. load, a contactor and a chopper. In the protective circuit, a resistor is connected in parallel with the series-connected contactor and load to permit continuous application of power supply voltage across the chopper. A circuit is connected to the connection point of the load and chopper to provide a signal synchronous with on-off of the chopper, and the output signal of this circuit and a signal corresponding to a chopper-on signal are applied to a logic circuit which provides the logical sum of these inputs for the detection of commutation failure of the chopper. The output of the logic circuit turns on a thyristor for deenergizing the contactor thereby disconnecting the load from the power source.