Abstract: An image formation method for forming a full-color image includes the step of superimposing four yellow, magenta, cyan and black toner images which are respectively obtained by developing four latent electrostatic images, which respectively correspond to the four yellow, magenta, cyan and black toner images, with a yellow toner, a magenta toner, a cyan toner and a black toner, wherein a gradient aY of a yellow glossiness per unit amount of the yellow toner (mg/cm2) deposited on a transfer sheet, a gradient aM of a magenta glossiness per unit amount of the magenta toner (mg/cm2) deposited on the transfer sheet, and a gradient aC of a cyan glossiness per unit amount of the cyan toner (mg/cm2) deposited on the transfer sheet are in a range of 0.8 a to 1.2 a, and a gradient aBk of a black glossiness per unit amount of the black toner (mg/cm2) deposited on the transfer sheet is in a range of 0.4 a to 0.7 a, in which a=(aY+aM+aC)/3.

Abstract: An image formation method for forming a full-color image includes the step of superimposing four yellow, magenta, cyan and black toner images which are respectively obtained by developing four latent electrostatic images, which respectively correspond to the four yellow, magenta, cyan and black toner images, with a yellow toner, a magenta toner, a cyan toner and a black toner, wherein a gradient aY of a yellow glossiness per unit amount of the yellow toner (mg/cm2) deposited on a transfer sheet, a gradient aM of a magenta glossiness per unit amount of the magenta toner (mg/cm2) deposited on the transfer sheet, and a gradient aC of a cyan glossiness per unit amount of the cyan toner (mg/cm2) deposited on the transfer sheet are in a range of 0.8 a to 1.2 a, and a gradient aBk of a black glossiness per unit amount of the black toner (mg/cm2) deposited on the transfer sheet is in a range of 0.4 a to 0.7 a, in which a=(aY+aM+aC)/3.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner including a colorant and a binder resin including at least a styrene resin, wherein the toner further includes one or more styrene oligomers in an amount not greater than 100 ppm. An electrophotographic image forming method is also disclosed in which an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member is developed with the toner.

Abstract: A method of forming images on an image receiving material including a non-contact thermal fusing image fixing step employs a black toner made of black toner particles, a yellow toner made of yellow toner particles, a magenta toner made of magenta toner particles and a cyan toner made of cyan toner particles, the black toner particles having a greater volume mean diameter than the volume mean diameter of the toner particles of any of the yellow toner, the magenta toner and the cyan toner.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for removing an image forming substance such as toner from an image holding member such as a sheet of transfer paper, a CCD sensor detects an unremoved image formed by a stamp, additional writing, etc. and left on the transfer paper sheet after toner separating processing is performed with respect to the transfer paper sheet by a liquid-providing toner-separating unit. A discriminating mark such as a punch, a mark o, etc. is additionally provided to the transfer paper sheet having the detected unremoved image by a discriminating mark providing unit. The transfer paper sheet having the discriminating mark is automatically sorted by a sorting unit and is discharged onto a paper discharging tray. The toner removing apparatus may have an unrecognizing device for blotting the unremoved image such as a seal print, a signature, etc. on the transfer paper sheet.

Abstract: In a method for repeatedly using an image holding member such as a sheet of paper, toner for an electronic photograph is constructed such that a maximum value of viscoelasticity of the toner shown by tan .delta. is equal to or smaller than 3 in the range of a heating temperature when the toner is heated and fixed to the image holding member. Such toner has sufficient elastic or cohesive force. Accordingly, when the toner is heated and fixed to the paper sheet, no excessive adhesive force is caused to such an extent that paper fibers of the paper sheet eat into the toner attached to the paper sheet. Accordingly, after an aqueous solution including a surfactant is supplied to the paper sheet by a liquid supplying unit, the toner is softened by heat from heating rollers so that the toner is attached to a surface of an offset belt.

Abstract: A dry toner for electrophotography includes a coloring agent, a releasing agent, and a polyol resin having a polyoxy alkylene moiety in a main chain thereof, with a ratio of Mw/Mn of 4 to 10, serving as a binder resin, which is synthesized by allowing an epoxy resin, a dihydric phenol, and an alkylene oxide adduct of a dihydric phenol, or a glycidyl ether thereof to react.

Abstract: A color developer is described that contains a toner and a resin-coated carrier, wherein the toner contains a hydrophobic particulate titania and a charge controlling agent, and the charge controlling agent contains an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid metal salt having the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein each of Q and Q' each independently represents a residual group of an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid optionally substituted with an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an alkyl group and an aralkyl group; X is a counter ion; and M is a metal. A toner is also provided that contains the above charge controlling agent.

Abstract: A photographic developing apparatus which visualizes a latent image formed on an image carrier is disclosed which includes:a developing powder carrier provided so as to be opposite to the image carrier;a layer forming member for forming a thin layer of developing powder over a circumferential surface of the developing powder carrier;a charge imparting member which is provided so as to be opposite to the developing powder carrier and causes an electric field between the charge imparting member and the developing powder carrier; andan electrification control member which is interposed between the charge imparting member and the developing powder carrier, and limits an ionization area caused by electric discharge in the electric field by receiving an intermediate electric potential between the electric potential of the charge imparting member and the electric potential of the developing powder carrier.

Abstract: An image forming method wherein a toner image on an image carrier is transferred to an intermediate image transfer element, the transferred toner image on said intermediate image transfer element being subsequently transferred to a transfer medium, and wherein the toner exhibits an electric potential change .DELTA.Vp of less than 150 V as an absolute value in the charge penetration test defined in the Specification.

Abstract: A liquid developer for use in electrophotography is disclosed, which comprises (i) a toner comprising as the main toner components a colorant, a resin, and a polyolefin resin having an acid value of from 5 to 50 and a melt viscosity at 200.degree. C. of from 100 to 15,000 cps, and (ii) a carrier liquid in which the toner is dispersed. The polyolefin resin and the colorant in the liquid developer may constitute an integral flushing colorant which is prepared by subjecting the resin and the colorant to flushing processing.

Abstract: In a method for repeatedly using an image holding member such as a sheet of paper, toner for an electronic photograph is constructed such that a maximum value of viscoelasticity of the toner shown by tan .delta. is equal to or smaller than 3 in the range of a heating temperature when the toner is heated and fixed to the image holding member. Such toner has sufficient elastic or cohesive force. Accordingly, when the toner is heated and fixed to the paper sheet, no excessive adhesive force is caused to such an extent that paper fibers of the paper sheet eat into the toner attached to the paper sheet. Accordingly, after an aqueous solution including a surfactant is supplied to the paper sheet by a liquid supplying unit, the toner is softened by heat from heating rollers so that the toner is attached to a surface of an offset belt.

Abstract: A method of forming a colored image on a heat resistant solid surface by use of a toner-image-layer-bearing image formation medium; a method of forming the toner-image-layer bearing image formation medium; inorganic toners for the formation of inorganic toner image for proposed.

Abstract: A predetermined processing liquid is supplied by a liquid supplying unit to a sheet of transfer paper having a surface on which toner is stably attached. An adhesive state of the toner on the transfer paper sheet is changed to an unstable adhesive state. The processing liquid is constructed by water, aqueous solutions of a surfactant, a water-soluble polymer, etc. The transfer paper sheet including the processing liquid is fed to a toner separating unit. While the toner is heated and pressurized in the toner separating unit, the toner is attached to a separating roller having a surface on which the softened toner is easily attached. The toner separating unit then separates only the transfer paper sheet from the surface of the separating roller by a separating claw. The processing liquid is removed from the transfer paper sheet by heating the transfer paper sheet, etc. using a drying unit such that the transfer paper sheet can be reused for a copying machine, etc.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for removing an image forming substance such as toner from an image holding member such as a sheet of transfer paper, an unstabilizing agent is provided to the image holding member. An attaching state between the image forming substance and the image holding member stably attaching the image forming substance on a surface thereof is changed to an unstable state by the unstabilizing agent. The image forming substance is separated and removed from the image holding member by making a separating member come in close contact with the image forming substance on the image holding member having the provided unstabilizing agent. A processing situation mark showing a processing situation of removal of the image forming substance is formed in the image holding member. The processing situation mark can be removed from the image holding member by the image forming substance removing processing.

Abstract: A dry toner for use in electrophotography including a coloring agent and a polyol resin serving as a binder resin, which has a main chain portion containing an epoxy resin moiety and an alkylene oxide moiety, and protected terminal portions bonded to the main chain portion.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for using paper repeatedly by flaking and removing an image from the paper, even if the image has been touched up on the paper with handwriting, and a preferable printing tool used in the method. The method includes the steps of touching up the image on the paper with the printing tool containing a main component of a colored thermoplastic resin particle and being formed into a stick shape by solidifying the resin particle alone or with binder resin sticking to the resin particle. The image can be formed on the paper with a liquid-applying type of printing tool having a liquid container containing a resin dispersion liquid being formed by dispersing the resin particle in a solvent.

Abstract: A toner comprising a binder resin and a coloring agent, with an aggregation degree of 5 to 60%, and an absolute value of Q/M measured by the suction method of 2 to 30 .mu.

Abstract: A developer is composed of toner particles which contain a thermoplastic resin, a coloring agent, one component selected from the group consisting of a fluorine-containing quaternary ammonium salt compound and a fluorine-containing iminium compound, and an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid metallic salt.This developer may also contain a carrier.

Abstract: A predetermined processing liquid is supplied by a liquid supplying unit to a sheet of transfer paper having a surface on which toner is stably attached. An adhesive state of the toner on the transfer paper sheet is changed to an unstable adhesive state. The processing liquid is constructed by water, aqueous solutions of a surfactant, a water-soluble polymer, etc. The transfer paper sheet including the processing liquid is fed to a toner separating unit. While the toner is heated and pressurized in the toner separating unit, the toner is attached to a separating roller having a surface on which the softened toner is easily attached. The toner separating unit then separates only the transfer paper sheet from the surface of the separating roller by a separating claw. The processing liquid is removed from the transfer paper sheet by heating the transfer paper sheet, etc. using a drying unit such that the transfer paper sheet can be reused for a copying machine, etc.