Abstract: A variable valve device for an internal combustion engine includes a first cam phase variable mechanism capable of varying the phases of both first and second intake cams by using operating oil pressure, and a second cam phase variable mechanism having a split change function and capable of varying the phase of the second intake cam relative to that of the first intake cam by using the operating oil pressure. When the engine is operating in a low-speed, low-load region (A) in which the engine rotating speed is lower than a predetermined rotating speed (N2) and at the same time the engine load is lower than a predetermined load (L1), the second cam phase variable mechanism is preferentially controlled over the first cam phase variable mechanism.

Abstract: An image processor includes an LSRAM accessible with a higher speed than a frame memory and configured to hold a second image in a predetermined range of a first image, an image production unit configured to read an image in a predetermined range of the second image and produce a third image for rough search based on the read image, an MSRAM accessible with a higher speed than the frame memory and configured to hold the third image, a first search unit configured to read the third image and perform first motion search based on the third image, and a second search unit configured to read a fourth image in a predetermined range of the second image based on a search result by the first search unit and perform second motion search that is more detailed than the first motion search based on the fourth image.

Abstract: A combustion chamber construction includes inlet and exhaust side sloping surfaces. The inlet side sloping surface is formed on one side of a pentroof apex portion as a boundary and which has an inlet port. The exhaust side sloping surface is formed on the other side of the pentroof apex portion as the boundary and which has an exhaust port. A flow improving portion is formed between the inlet port and exhaust port. The flow improving portion includes an inlet flow surface which is formed by recessing part of the inlet side sloping surface and an exhaust side guide surface. One end of the exhaust side guide surface is connected to an exhaust surface of the exhaust side sloping surface and the other end is connected to the inlet flow surface. An angle formed by the inlet flow surface and the exhaust side guide surface is smaller than or equal to an angle formed by the exhaust surface and the exhaust side guide surface.

Abstract: A cam structure driving a tappet having a crowning on a top face and connected to a base end section of an intake or exhaust valve of an engine, includes: a camshaft rotating in synchronization with a crankshaft of the engine; a cam lobe mounted on the camshaft, and including: a base cam including: a base circular section having a mounting hole for the camshaft; and a valve lift section having a cut-out section in a tip end portion; and a roller provided in the cut-out section and having a cylindrical section with a constant diameter. A center section in a width direction of the base cam makes contact with the tappet at a position deviated from a center of the top face of the tappet, and the cylindrical section makes contact with the center of the top face of the tappet.

Abstract: A variable valve device for an internal combustion engine includes a cam phase variable mechanism for varying a phase difference (split) between first and second intake cams. Under predetermined operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, the second intake cam is controlled to take a phase (split) (S1) which is within a predetermined pumping-loss reduction operation phase range and entails a minimum fluctuation (oscillation width) of drive torque on an intake camshaft.

Abstract: In an engine equipped with a variable valvetrain including a second cam phase alteration mechanism 31 for altering the phase of second intake cams 12 actuating second intake valves, relative to a crankshaft, the second cam phase alteration mechanism 31 is arranged at an end opposite to an end at which a cam sprocket is provided to receive power from the crankshaft, to be located outside a cylinder head 2, and an actuator cover 40 is fixed to the cylinder head 2 to cover at least a lower portion of the second cam phase alteration mechanism 31.

Abstract: A variable valve device of the invention has a structure in which, as connecting means for connecting a movable cam 22 located in an outer periphery of an outer camshaft 17a and an inner camshaft 17b located inside the outer camshaft 17a, there are provided a pin-like member 24 that is movably inserted so as to penetrate the movable cam 22, the outer camshaft 17a and the inner camshaft 17b along a diametrical direction of a shaft member 17 that is formed by turnably encasing the inner camshaft 17b in the outer camshaft 17a, and an escape-preventing portion 50 disposed in the end portion of the pin-like member 24. The movable cam 22 and the inner camshaft 17b are thus connected together while preventing large press-fit load and axial force from acting on components.

Abstract: In a variable valve device for an internal combustion engine, which has a cam phase variable mechanism including a split variable function, when the operation of the internal combustion engine is in a predetermined extremely low speed and load region, the phase of a second intake cam is controlled to a more advanced position (S1) than the phase in which the closing timing of a second intake valve is in a most retarded position.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a punching method using a punch, which makes it possible to effectively improve the durability of a tooth portion of the punch. In a punching method using a punch for forming a through-hole in a workpiece by punching the workpiece using a punch, at least a tooth portion of the punch is made substantially solid when the workpiece is punched by the punch, and the tooth portion is made substantially hollow, thereby a diameter of the tooth portion is reduced by a reaction force received from the workpiece, when the workpiece is separated from the punch after the punching of the workpiece.

Abstract: A camera apparatus includes: an image pickup device; a lens configured to converge light from an object to the image pickup device; a coaxial circular-shaped lens cover in which the lens is arranged; a plurality of infrared light sources arranged to surround the lens in the lens cover; and a light shielding member which is provided between the lens and the infrared light source and which has an opening. The opening is outwardly extended at corner optical path portions which correspond to diagonal corners of an angle of view of the image pickup device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable valve gear comprising a camshaft phase change mechanism, which variably controls a phase of an intake cam with respect to a crankshaft, and a variable valve lift mechanism, which changes an opening timing of an intake valve more than a closing timing and basically continuously varies a lift and an open period of the intake valve. The lift and the open period are set lest the intake valve interfere with a piston of an engine, with the phase controlled to be most advanced by the camshaft phase change mechanism and the lift controlled to be maximal by the variable valve lift mechanism.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine with a variable valve gear, which comprises a first intake valve and a second intake valve for each cylinder, configured to be driven by a first intake cam and a second intake cam, respectively, and a cam phase change mechanism configured to vary at least the phase of the second intake cam, the second intake cam is set so that the open period of the second intake valve is longer than that of the first intake valve.

Abstract: Each cylinder is provided with a first intake valve and a second intake valve, and a first intake cam for driving the first intake valve and a second intake cam for driving the second intake valve are coaxially pivotally supported on an intake camshaft. A first cam phase change mechanism which varies respective phases of the first and second intake cams relative to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is combined with a second cam phase change mechanism which varies a phase of the second intake cam relative to the first intake cam. The second cam phase change mechanism is set to have a variable-phase angular range wider than that of the first cam phase change mechanism.

Abstract: A variable valve device of the invention has a structure in which, as connecting means for connecting a movable cam 22 located in an outer periphery of an outer camshaft 17a and an inner camshaft 17b located inside the outer camshaft 17a, there are provided a pin-like member 24 that is movably inserted so as to penetrate the movable cam 22, the outer camshaft 17a and the inner camshaft 17b along a diametrical direction of a shaft member 17 that is formed by turnably encasing the inner camshaft 17b in the outer camshaft 17a, and an escape-preventing portion 50 disposed in the end portion of the pin-like member 24. The movable cam 22 and the inner camshaft 17b are thus connected together while preventing large press-fit load and axial force from acting on components.

Abstract: In an engine with a cam phase change mechanism which is disposed on one end portion of an intake camshaft and variably changes a phase of a drive cam of an intake valve relative to a crankshaft, the cam phase change mechanism is configured so that two vane-type hydraulic actuators of which variable-phase torques produced at the same supplied oil pressure are different are arranged axially relative to the intake camshaft.

Abstract: In a variable valve gear for an internal combustion engine provided with a camshaft phase change mechanism for variably controlling opening and closing timings of an intake valve, the camshaft phase change mechanism and a variable valve lift mechanism are controlled so that the closing timing of the intake valve is advanced beyond a predetermined range T1 including a bottom dead center when a load L of the internal combustion engine is less than a first predetermined value L1 and that the closing timing of the intake valve is delayed beyond the predetermined range T1 when the load L of the internal combustion engine is not less than the first predetermined value L1.

Abstract: In an engine equipped with a variable valvetrain including a second cam phase alteration mechanism 31 for altering the phase of second intake cams 12 actuating second intake valves, relative to a crankshaft, the second cam phase alteration mechanism 31 is arranged at an end opposite to an end at which a cam sprocket is provided to receive power from the crankshaft, to be located outside a cylinder head 2, and an actuator cover 40 is fixed to the cylinder head 2 to cover at least a lower portion of the second cam phase alteration mechanism 31.

Abstract: A variable valve device has a configuration in which a first cam (20) and a second cam (22a) that is a counterpart of the first cam are disposed in the outside of a shaft member (17) so that the second cam (22a) is displaceable in the circumferential direction, and is formed so that a cam face (22c) of the second cam has a cam width dimension a that is larger than a cam width b of a cam face of the first cam.