Abstract: A process comprising: providing a substrate with a catalyst layer thereon; depositing a first ionomer overcoat layer over the catalyst layer, the first ionomer overcoat layer comprising an ionomer and a first solvent; drying the first ionomer overcoat layer to provide a first electrode ionomer overcoat layer; depositing a second ionomer overcoat layer over the first electrode ionomer overcoat layer, and wherein the second ionomer overcoat layer comprises an ionomer and a second solvent.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolyte membrane containing: a reinforced inner layer; and an unreinforced outer layer on one or each side of the reinforced inner layer, wherein the reinforced inner layer includes an inner ion exchange resin reinforced with a non-woven fabric composed of a melt moldable fluororesin in the form of a continuous fiber, wherein a number of intersecting points of the continuous fiber are fused and/or bonded, and wherein the unreinforced outer layer includes an outer ion exchange resin, which may be the same as or different from the inner ion exchange resin. Also provided is a membrane electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, wherein the membrane electrode assembly contains the above-mentioned polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A hard disk drive has an information recording medium that is rotationally driven for recording and/or reproducing information and a rotor hub that supports the information recording medium. The rotor hub has a flat mounting surface disposed in an outer circumferential portion thereof and on which the information recording medium is mounted so as to contact an edge portion of the mounting surface. The mounting surface is made of stainless steel containing a machineability improving additive, except for selenium and tellurium, for improving the machineability of the mounting surface. At least one of the edge portion or a portion of the mounting surface in the vicinity of the edge portion contains surface pores formed by component particles of the additive falling from the mounting surface. Each of the pores has a length less than 10 ?m in a circumferential direction of the mounting surface.

Abstract: In the production of a membrane/electrode assembly 10, a first catalyst layer 22 (a second catalyst layer 34) is formed by a process comprising steps (a) and (b). (a) A step of applying a coating fluid comprising a catalyst and an ion-exchange resin, on a substrate to form a coating fluid layer. (b) A step of disposing a reinforcing layer 24 (34) on the coating fluid layer formed in the step (a) and then, drying the coating fluid layer to form a first catalyst layer 22 (a second catalyst layer 34) The process provides a catalyst layer whereby defects such as cracks are scarcely formed in the catalyst layer, and the bond strength is high at the interface between the catalyst layer and a reinforcing layer and at the interface between the catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A press working die assembly includes a pad secured to an upper die holder so as to be movable upward and downward, a machining slide cam slidable laterally along a cam surface and having a bending edge at one end thereof, a rotatable rotary cam having a bending portion for forming a negative angle portion of a work, and a reciprocal driving apparatus configured to rotate the rotary cam to a work machining position, and the reciprocal driving apparatus includes a slide block having a cam surface for rotating the rotary cam in a predetermined direction on an front end side and a rotation impelling surface configured to rotate the rotary cam back to its original position, and a restoring action block configured to come into abutment with the rotation impelling surface of the slide block when the slide block retracts to restore the rotary cam to its original position.

Abstract: In a method for magnetizing a permanent magnet for a motor, the permanent magnet has a thickness t in a radial direction of the permanent magnet satisfying the relation of t??D/(NM??), where D represents an inner diameter of the permanent magnet having a value of 20 mm or less, N represents the number of the magnetic domains of the permanent magnet, and M represents the number of alternating current phases for driving the motor. In a first magnetizing step, the permanent magnet is magnetized in one direction corresponding to the radial direction. In a second magnetizing step, the permanent magnet magnetized in the first magnetizing step is magnetized to form inverse magnetic domains that are arranged at regular intervals in the radial direction and that reverse the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: To provide a membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and processes for their production, which make it possible to stably exhibit a high power generation performance in various environments. A membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which comprises a first electrode having a first catalyst layer and a first gas diffusion layer, a second electrode having a second catalyst layer and a second gas diffusion layer, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the 90° peel strength at least one of the interface between the first electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane and the interface between the second electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane is at least 0.03 N/cm.

Abstract: A method of magnetizing a magnetic member for a rotor of a motor device. The magnetic member has a thickness t in the radial direction of the magnetic member satisfying the relation ?D/(0.75MP??)<t??D/(0.5MP??), where D represents an inner diameter of the magnetic member having a value of 20 mm or less, P represents the number of magnetic poles, and M represents the number of alternating current phases for driving the motor device. The magnetic member is magnetized unidirectionally in the radial direction of the magnetic member. Thereafter, the unidirectionally magnetized magnetic member is magnetized in partitions at regular intervals in the radial direction so that a magnetization direction of the magnetic member is reversed and the magnetic poles are arranged at regular intervals in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: An object is to provide an information recording and playback apparatus that is capable of reducing, as much as possible, reading and writing errors caused by magnetic leakage flux on the inner peripheral side of a magnetic disk.

Abstract: To provide a process for forming a catalyst layer whereby defects such as cracks are scarcely formed in the catalyst layer, and the bond strength is high at the interface between the catalyst layer and a reinforcing layer and at the interface between the catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte membrane; and a process for producing a membrane/electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is capable of exhibiting high power generation performance even under a low humidity condition and has sufficient mechanical strength and dimensional stability and which has excellent durability even in an environment where humidification and drying, etc. are repeated. In the production of a membrane/electrode assembly 10, a first catalyst layer 22 (a second catalyst layer 34) is formed by a process comprising steps (a) and (b). (a) A step of applying a coating fluid comprising a catalyst and an ion-exchange resin, on a substrate to form a coating fluid layer.

Abstract: To provide a membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and processes for their production, which make it possible to stably exhibit a high power generation performance in various environments. A membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which comprises a first electrode having a first catalyst layer and a first gas diffusion layer, a second electrode having a second catalyst layer and a second gas diffusion layer, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the 90° peel strength at least one of the interface between the first electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane and the interface between the second electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane is at least 0.03 N/cm.

Abstract: To provide a polymer electrolyte membrane having excellent size stability and excellent mechanical strength that can sufficiently prevent the size change due to the swelling condition, the displacement of the polymer electrolyte membrane and the formation of wrinkles during the production of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and can prevent damage during the production and operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. In a composite electrolyte membrane including a porous reinforcement layer made of a resin and an electrolyte layer made of a polymer electrolyte and laminated at least one main surface of the reinforcement layer, the direction having a high tensile modulus of elasticity in the reinforcement layer is substantially corresponded with the direction having a high rate of size change in the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: To provide a membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which is capable of providing high power generation performance even under a low humidity condition and has sufficient mechanical strength and dimensional stability, and which has an excellent durability even in an environment where moistening and drying are repeated, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which is capable of providing high power generation performance even under a low humidity condition. A membrane/electrode assembly 10 is used, which comprises a cathode 20 having a catalyst layer 22, an anode 30 having a catalyst layer 32, and a polymer electrolyte membrane 40 interposed between the catalyst layer 22 of the cathode 20 and the catalyst layer 32 of the anode 30, wherein at least one of the cathode 20 and the anode 30 further has a reinforcing layer 26 comprising a porous sheet-form reinforcing material made of a polymer, and an electrically conductive fiber.

Abstract: To provide an electrolyte membrane having high strength even if it is thin in the thickness, excellent dimensional stability even upon absorption of water and a low electrical resistance; a process for producing the electrolyte membrane; and a membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells having a high output and excellent durability, having the electrolyte membrane. An electrolyte membrane which is made mainly of an ion exchange resin and reinforced with a non-woven fabric made of continuous fiber of a fluororesin wherein at least some of intersecting points of the continuous fiber are fixed, and which has, as the outermost layer on one side or each side, a layer not reinforced, made of an ion exchange resin which may be the same as or different from the above ion exchange resin. The non-woven fabric is produced by a melt-blown method.

Abstract: To provide a membrane/electrode assembly excellent in durability and capable of providing a high output voltage, and a process for its production. A membrane/electrode assembly 10 for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising a polymer electrolyte membrane 12; a first frame 14 disposed at the periphery of a first surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane 12; a second frame 16 disposed at the periphery of a second surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane 12; a first electrode 22 having a first catalyst layer 18 and a first gas diffusion layer 20; and a second electrode 28 having a second catalyst layer 24 and a second gas diffusion layer 26; wherein the inner edge portion of the is first frame 14 is located between the first catalyst layer 18 and the first gas diffusion layer 20; and the inner edge portion of the second frame 16 is located between the polymer electrolyte membrane 12 and the second catalyst layer 24.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolyte membrane and a process of producing the same, wherein the electrolyte membrane predominantly comprises an unreinforced outer layer on one or each side of a reinforced inner layer, wherein the reinforced inner layer comprises an inner ion exchange resin reinforced with a non-woven fabric comprising a melt moldable fluororesin in the form of a continuous fiber, wherein some intersecting points of the continuous fiber are fused or bonded, and wherein the unreinforced outer layer comprises an outer ion exchange resin, which may be the same as or different from the inner ion exchange resin. The electrolyte membrane has high strength, excellent dimensional stability and low electric resistance and is therefore useful as a polymer electrolyte membrane for a membrane electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having high output and excellent durability.

Abstract: A fluid dynamic pressure bearing has an annular dynamic pressure generating face having a dynamic pressure generating groove, which draws a working fluid toward a midway position in the radial direction from the inside and outside of a thrust bearing plate in the radial direction when a shaft and a housing are rotated relative to each other. The dynamic pressure generating groove is provided on thickness direction end faces of the thrust bearing plate or on an inner surface of the housing, and an inner groove section is located on an inner peripheral side of the dynamic pressure generating face on the end faces and is recessed more than the dynamic pressure generating face in the thickness direction. A through-hole extends through the thrust bearing plate in the thickness direction so as to open to the dynamic pressure generating face, and a communicating cavity connects the opening portion of the through-hole and the inner groove section.

Abstract: The present invention provides a membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having excellent dimensional stability and mechanical strength, and having high durability at the time of a power generation. Each of polymer electrolyte membranes (111, 211, 311) have a region 1 having proton conductivity over the entirety in the thickness direction of the membrane and a region 2 located at the outer peripheral portion of the region 1 and having a non-porous sheet disposed so that the region 2 has no proton conductivity over the entirety in the thickness direction of the membrane, and outer edges of the catalyst layers (127, 128) are disposed so as to be located in the area 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cylindrical permanent magnet which is used in a micro DC brushless motor used in a compact hard disc etc. An Sm—Co based magnetic material is used as a magnetic material and the permanent magnet has domains magnetized in a radial direction and arranged at regular intervals in a circumferential direction. Provided that P represents a pitch corresponding to an average of an inner circumferential length and outer circumferential length in one of the domains, D denotes an inner diameter of the permanent magnet, t represents a thickness in the radial direction, N represents the number of domains, and M represents the number of AC phases for driving the motor, D is set to 20 (mm) or smaller and t is set to satisfy the relation of t??D/(NM??).

Abstract: Provided is a hard disk drive including a flat disk mounting surface including no recessed portion which causes minute deformation hindering accurate recording/reproducing. The hard disk drive includes: a magnetic disk (2), which is rotationally driven for recording and reproducing information; a rotor hub (12) including a disk mounting surface (15) on which the magnetic disk (2) is mounted in an outer circumferential portion thereof; and a clamp (30) for pressurizing and fixing the magnetic disk (2) to the mounting surface (15). In the vicinity of an edge portion of the disk mounting surface (15) to which the clamp (30) pressurizes, a pore having a length of 10 ?m or more in a circumferential direction is not allowed to exist.