Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical film which has thermochromic properties that a near-infrared light shielding ratio can be controlled according to temperature environment and which has a low haze and has excellent crack resistance and adhesiveness even when the optical film is used over a long period of time, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical film which has thermochromic properties that a near-infrared light shielding ratio can be controlled according to temperature environment and which has a low haze and has excellent crack resistance and adhesiveness even when the optical film is used over a long period of time, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A method for providing a gas barrier film with ample gas barrier properties even in a high temperature, which is maintained when the film is bent. The gas barrier film also has excellent resistance to cracking. A gas barrier film, and a method for manufacturing the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas barrier film includes a first barrier layer formed by a vapor deposition method on at least one side of a substrate. The gas barrier film includes a second barrier layer formed on the first barrier layer by converting a polysilazane coating film. The polysilazane coating film includes one type of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles include metal oxide or metal nitride. The polysilazane coating film is converted by irradiating the polysilazane coating film with vacuum UV ray having a wavelength of 200 nm or less.

Abstract: A method for providing a gas barrier film with ample gas barrier properties even in a high temperature, which is maintained when the film is bent. The gas barrier film also has excellent resistance to cracking. A gas barrier film, and a method for manufacturing the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a gas barrier film, which has sufficient bending property, transparency, barrier performance, and durability. The gas barrier film includes a substrate, and a gas barrier unit being arranged on at least one side of the substrate, wherein the gas barrier unit includes a first barrier layer including an inorganic substance, a second barrier layer obtained by performing a conversion treatment to a coating film formed by coating polysilazane onto the first barrier layer, and a third barrier layer including an inorganic substance in order.

Abstract: A gas barrier film includes at least one gas barrier layer and a protective layer over a substrate. The protective layer contains organosilicon and is disposed on the gas barrier layer. At least part of the gas barrier layer has a composition SiOxNy where a condition 0.1?x/(x+y)?0.9 is satisfied. The protective layer has received a modification treatment, which is irradiation with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 300 nm or less. A ratio of a density of the protective layer to a density of the gas barrier layer is 0.2 or more and 0.75 or less.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support, a silver halide emulsion layer provided on the support and a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a step of developing the photographic light-sensitive material with a developing solution containing an ascorbic acid compound as a developing agent, wherein the photographic material contains an amine compound in at least one of the silver halide emulsion layer and the hydrophilic colloid layer and an nucleating agent within a range of 0 to 20 mg per 1 m2 of the photographic light-sensitive material, and wherein the amine compound has a distribution coefficient (log P) of 1 or more in a n-octanol/water system.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive material employing an automatic processing machine is disclosed. A developer comprises compounds represented by the formula (1), and a fixer comprises thiosulfate salts, water-soluble aluminum salts, and at least one type of crystallization retarding agents and substantially comprises no boron compound. wherein Q represents —CH2CH2— or —CH2CH(J)—, wherein J represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. x+y+Z is between 2.8 and 3.2, and R represents the group described below. Staining of the water washing tank and processing unevenness caused by a decrease in the replenishment rate of a fixer, are minimized during photographic processing employing an automatic processing machine.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support, a silver halide emulsion layer provided on the support and a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a step of developing the photographic light-sensitive material with a developing solution containing an ascorbic acid compound as a developing agent, wherein the photographic material contains an amine compound in at least one of the silver halide emulsion layer and the hydrophilic colloid layer and an nucleating agent within a range of 0 to 20 mg per 1 m2 of the photographic light-sensitive material, and wherein the amine compound has a distribution coefficient (log P) of 1 or more in a n-octanol/water system.

Abstract: A processing method of a silver halide light sensitive photographic material by the use of an automatic processor is disclosed, in which a developing solution contains a developing agent represented by the formula described below and a developer replenishing solution having activity lower than that of a developing solution used at the time of starting processing is replenished within a predetermined amount to be replenished per unit time, and when the replenished amount of the developer replenishing solution has exceeded the predetermined amount to be replenished per unit time, a developer replenishing solution having higher activity is replenished.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support, a silver halide emulsion layer provided on the support and a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a step of developing the photographic light-sensitive material with a developing solution containing an ascorbic acid compound as a developing agent, wherein the photographic material contains an amine compound in at least one of the silver halide emulsion layer and the hydrophilic colloid layer and an nucleating agent within a range of 0 to 20 mg per 1 m2 of the photographic light-sensitive material, and wherein the amine compound has a distribution coefficient (log P) of 1 or more in a n-octanol/water system.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive material employing an automatic processing machine is disclosed. A developer comprises compounds represented by the formula (1), and a fixer comprises thiosulfate salts, water-soluble aluminum salts, and at least one type of crystallization retarding agents and substantially comprises no boron compound.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising the following steps, a step for developing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material in a developing solution, a step for fixing said silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which is developed in a fixing solution containing thiosulfate salt and alminum salt, a step for washing said silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which is fixed in a washing water, wherein said fixing solution does not substantially contain a boron compound but contains at least a precipitation restraining agent and said washing water contains oxidizing agent.

Abstract: A method of processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material by use of an automatic processor is disclosed, comprising the steps of developing an exposed photographic material with a developer, fixing with a fixer, washing and drying, wherein a swell ration of overall hydrophilic colloid layers including a silver halide emulsion layer and a protective layer provided on one side of a support is not more than 150%; and the developer, which contains substantially no dihydroxybenzene compound comprises a compound represented by the following formulas in combination with a 3-pyrazolidone compound or an aminophenol compound, and a carbonate salt in an amount of 0.35 mol/l or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing an exposed black and white photographic light-sensitive material employing an automatic processor, the method comprising the steps of developing the exposed material with a developer, the developer is replenished with a developer replenisher; fixing the developed material with a fixer; washing the fixed material; and drying the washed material, wherein the developer contains a developing agent, a compound represented by the following formula (III) and at least one of a compound represented by the following formula (I) and a compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR1##

Abstract: A solid processing composition and method for processing a silver halide photographic light sensitive material is disclosed in which the solid processing composition has a sodium cation content of 60 mol % or more based on the total metal cation content, and contains a developing agent represented by the following formula (1): ##STR1##

Abstract: A solid developing composition for a silver halide black-and-white photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a developing agent selected from the group consisting of a dihydroxybenzene compound and a compound represented by formula (A), and the developing composition further comprising a compound represented by formula (1). ##STR1##CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n --(O).sub.m SO.sub.

Abstract: A solid processing composition in the form of granules or a tablet for use as a replenisher of a developer for processing a silver halide black-and-white photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, wherein the solid processing composition is substantially free from a dihydroxybenzene as a developing agent and comprises a cyclodextrin compound.

Abstract: A method for processing an exposed black and white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material includes the steps of: (1) developing the exposed light-sensitive material with a developing solution, (2) fixing the developed material with a fixing solution, (3) washing the fixed material with water which is replenished in an amount of from 0 to 3 liter/m.sup.2 of the exposed light-sensitive material, and (4) drying the washed material. The developing solution is replenished with a solid photographic composition. This solid photographic composition includes a developing agent selected from the group of a dihydroxybenzene developing agent represented by Formula I and a developing agent represented by Formula II (provided that the developing agent represented by Formula II may form a sodium salt, a potassium salt or a lithium salt). Formulae I and II are as follows: ##STR1## In the formulae, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.