Abstract: Provided are a whole bacteria capsule, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: (1) screening fecal bacteria donors using high-throughput sequencing; (2) collecting feces of the fecal bacteria donors screened in step (1), and preparing a fecal bacterial liquid; and (3) mixing the fecal bacterial liquid prepared in step (2) with a freeze-drying protective agent, cooling, freezing and vacuum-drying the mixture, and loading the freeze-dried feces bacteria powder obtained into a capsule shell to obtain the whole bacteria capsule. By screening the fecal bacteria donors using high-throughput sequencing, fecal bacteria donors can be quickly screened for different fecal bacteria receptors, and the whole bacteria capsule prepared can accurately match with the fecal bacteria receptors.