Abstract: A battery module includes a battery cell assembly formed by stacking two or more columns of longitudinal unit cells, each of which is composed of two or more battery cells arranged in a line in a longitudinal direction and connected, a hollow center guard disposed at a connection position of end portions of the battery cells, which face each other in the longitudinal direction, in the longitudinal unit cell, and a module case in which the battery cell assembly and the hollow center guard are accommodated, wherein a first venting hole communicating with a hollow of the hollow center guard is provided in a sidewall of the hollow center guard, and a second venting hole communicating with the hollow of the hollow center guard is provided in the module case configured to cover an upper portion of the hollow center guard. A battery pack includes the battery module.

Abstract: A display is provided. The display device includes a display area and a non-display area located around the display area; a base layer; an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) that is located on the base layer in the display area; and a first crack detection line that is located on the base layer in the non-display area; wherein the first crack detection line comprises a first line that extends substantially in a first direction along a first edge of the display area, a second line that is separated from the first line and extends substantially in the first direction, and a third line that is connected to an end of the first line and an end of the second line, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the first line in a second direction crossing the first direction is inversely tapered.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a flooding ad hoc traffic indication message (FATIM) in a power save mode whose beacon interval is divided into an ad hoc traffic indication message (ATIM) window and data transmission window subsequent to the ATIM window, in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) constituted by a plurality of nodes. When one of the plurality of nodes has data to be forwarded to different nodes, a FATIM frame indicating that a network broadcast message will be sent to its neighbor nodes is forwarded during the ATIM window. If a current ATIM window has not expired, at least one different node of the plurality of nodes receiving the FATIM frame forwards the received FATIM frame to its neighbor nodes.

Abstract: Provided is a method for setting up a route path between source and destination nodes in a mobile ad hoc network. The source node transmits a RREQ message to the destination node, which transmits a RREP message to the source node. A first intermediate node having failed to transmit the original RREP stores the original RREP, and generates and transmits a PRREQ message, to neighbor intermediate nodes. If an ID of the PRREQ and an original IP address included in the received PRREQ are identical to those of the RREQ received from the source node, a second intermediate node receiving the PRREQ generates and transmits a PRREP message corresponding to the PRREQ to the first intermediate node. If a partial route path is set up between the first and second intermediate nodes, the first intermediate node transmits the original RREP to the source node, which completes setup of the route path.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable terminal that includes an external device interface unit, a memory unit, a main controller, and a power supply unit. The external device interface unit provides a connection between the portable terminal and an external device, includes ports outputting control signals and electric power for operating the external device, and controls an operation of the external device. The memory unit stores downloaded information for operating the external device that is connected to the portable terminal through the external device interface unit. The main controller generates an external device control signal based on the operation information stored in the memory unit, and transmits the external device control signal to the external device interface unit. The power supply unit provides power for driving the external device through the external device interface unit.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a flooding ad hoc traffic indication message (FATIM) in a power save mode whose beacon interval is divided into an ad hoc traffic indication message (ATIM) window and data transmission window subsequent to the ATIM window, in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) constituted by a plurality of nodes. When one of the plurality of nodes has data to be forwarded to different nodes, a FATIM frame indicating that a network broadcast message will be sent to its neighbor nodes is forwarded during the ATIM window. If a current ATIM window has not expired, at least one different node of the plurality of nodes receiving the FATIM frame forwards the received FATIM frame to its neighbor nodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for performing communication with an external network through an Internet gateway in a mobile ad-hoc (MANET) network including more than one node having a link local address, the system including a source node for setting a source address to the link local address, and transmitting packet data having a destination address of set to an address of the external network, to the Internet gateway; and the Internet gateway for changing a source address of the packet data to a global address corresponding to the link local address, and transmitting the global address to the external network, when the packet data having a destination of the external network, are received from the source node.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for setting up a route path between a source node and a destination node through route discovery in a mobile ad hoc network. The source node transmits a RREQ message to the destination node, and the destination node transmits a RREP message to the source node in response to the RREQ. A first intermediate node having failed to transmit the original RREP stores the original RREP, generates a PRREQ message, and transmits the generated PRREQ to neighbor intermediate nodes. If an ID of the PRREQ and an original IP address included in the received PRREQ are identical to an ID and an original IP address of the RREQ received from the source node, a second intermediate node receiving the PRREQ generates a PRREP message corresponding to the PRREQ and transmits the PRREP to the first intermediate node.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable terminal that includes an external device interface unit, a memory unit, a main controller, and a power supply unit. The external device interface unit provides a connection between the portable terminal and an external device, includes ports outputting control signals and electric power for operating the external device, and controls an operation of the external device. The memory unit stores downloaded information for operating the external device that is connected to the portable terminal through the external device interface unit. The main controller generates an external device control signal based on the operation information stored in the memory unit, and transmits the external device control signal to the external device interface unit. The power supply unit provides power for driving the external device through the external device interface unit.