Abstract: Sand casting is an old art. In this molding process sand is compacted around a pattern and the pattern is removed, leaving a mold cavity the shape of the pattern. Molten metal can then be poured into the cavity to form the object. To increase the life of the mold, and to make removal of the pattern easier, the pattern must be coated with a protective material. A pattern coating composition is disclosed wherein the composition is an emulsion including oil, water, graphite, a water dispersible amine, and a clay reactive with the amine to form an organophylic clay.

Abstract: A method for producing silica sand-based foundry shapes useful in forming metal castings and for reducing veining defects in sand-based foundry shapes by providing a foundry sand, adding an anti-veining composition that comprises bentonite to the foundry sand to form a mineral composition, then adding a foundry resin to the mineral composition to form a sand-based foundry composition and shaping the sand-based foundry composition to form a desired pattern.

Abstract: A method for producing silica sand-based foundry shapes useful informing metal castings and for reducing veining defects in sand-based foundry shapes by providing a foundry sand, adding an anti-veining composition that comprises bentonite to the foundry sand to form a mineral composition, then adding a foundry resin to the mineral composition to form a sand-based foundry composition and shaping the sand-based foundry composition to form a desired pattern.

Abstract: A sand molding medium for the use in founding of iron. The medium includes wettable uintaite as a carbon source supplemental to sea coal. The wettable uintaite is included in a carbon additive that is combined with sea coal to formulate the carbon component of an a pre-mix. The pre-mix also includes a clay component. The pre-mix is combined with sand to formulate the sand molding medium.

Abstract: Sand casting is an old art. In this molding process sand is compacted around a pattern and the pattern is removed, leaving a mold cavity the shape of the pattern. Molten metal can then be poured into the cavity to form the object. To increase the life of the mold, and to make removal of the pattern easier, the pattern must be coated with a protective material. Despite many available pattern coating compounds, mineral seal oil, and a mixture of mineral seal and clay, have been the commercial choices. But they are not without their disadvantages. The properties of mineral seal oil are not entirely desirable, particularly its low flash point and toxicity. Hereby the advantages of mineral seal oil-clay pattern coating compositions are retained without its detriments.