Abstract: An alignment layer composition including a copolymer of a dianhydride compound and a diamine compound, the copolymer including a repeating unit represented by chemical formula (1); and a repeating unit represented by chemical formula (2): wherein R1 is a tetravalent organic group derived from an alicyclic dianhydride or an aromatic dianhydride, and wherein R1 includes a phenyl ester group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate; a first electrode connected to the thin film transistor; and a first alignment layer disposed on the first electrode. The first alignment layer includes: a copolymer formed from at least one compound of cyclobutane dianhydride (CBDA) and a cyclobutane dianhydride derivative, and a first diaminean including alkylene group (—CkH2k?, k being a natural number); and a cross-linking agent including an alkylene group (—CnH2n?, n being a natural number), wherein the copolymer includes polyimide.

Abstract: A photoalignment agent includes: a copolymer obtained from at least one of cyclobutane dianhydride (CBDA) and a cyclobutane dianhydride derivative, and a diamine; and a cross-linking agent including an alkylene group —CnH2n—, n being a natural number.

Abstract: Among data voltages applied to a plurality of pixels on a display panel, a first data voltage is shifted from a first original data voltage by a first value, a second data voltage is shifted from a second original data voltage by a second value, and a third data voltage is shifted from a third original data voltage by a third value to compensate for AC and DC afterimages. A common voltage generator provides an optimal common voltage for the third data voltage when the temperature of the liquid crystal panel assembly is lower than a reference temperature and provides an optimal common voltage for the first data voltage or the second data voltage when the temperature of the liquid crystal panel assembly is higher than or equal to the reference temperature. The first, second, and third values correspond to respective kickback voltages of the respective gray level data voltages.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photoalignment layer includes: applying a photoalignment agent including a copolymer of at least one of cyclobutanedianhydride and a cyclobutanedianhydride derivative, and diamine, and a crosslinking agent including an alkylene group having a formula —CnH2n—, wherein n is a natural number, on a substrate; pre-baking the photoalignment agent applied on the substrate to form a pre-baked photoalignment agent; hard-baking the pre-baked photoalignment agent to form a hard-baked photoalignment agent; irradiating the hard-baked photoalignment agent with a light source thereby photoaligning the photoalignment agent; and secondarily baking the photoalignment agent irradiated with the light source, where in the application of the photoalignment agent on the substrate, the photoalignment agent applied on an edge portion of the substrate is applied in about 30 to about 70 wt %, relative to the photoalignment agent applied on the center portion of the substrate.

Abstract: An alignment layer composition including a copolymer of a dianhydride compound and a diamine compound, wherein the copolymer includes a repeating unit represented by Formula 1: wherein each of Ar1 and Ar2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group comprising 6 to 30 carbon atoms, X is an electron donating group, and is an ester group, wherein “*” indicates a point of attachment to the aromatic groups Ar1 and Ar2.

Abstract: A photoalignment agent is provided. The photoalignment agent includes a copolymer of ii) at least one of a cyclobutanedianhydride (CBDA) and a cyclobutanedianhydride (CBDA) derivative, and ii) a diamine, and the diamine includes an electron donor group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided. A photo-alignment layer thereof includes a polyimide and a crosslinker including an alkylene group (—CnH2n—, where n is a natural number) and a plurality of crosslinking end groups, wherein the plurality of crosslinking end groups include at least two types of end groups or end group derivatives, each type having a different available functional group.

Abstract: An alignment layer composition including a copolymer of a dianhydride compound and a diamine compound, wherein the copolymer includes a repeating unit represented by Formula 1: wherein each of Ar1 and Ar2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group comprising 6 to 30 carbon atoms, X is an electron donating group, and is an ester group, wherein “*” indicates a point of attachment to the aromatic groups Ar1 and Ar2.

Abstract: A photoalignment agent is provided. The photoalignment agent includes a copolymer of ii) at least one of a cyclobutanedianhydride (CBDA) and a cyclobutanedianhydride (CBDA) derivative, and ii) a diamine, and the diamine includes an electron donor group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a thin film transistor positioned on the first substrate, a first electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a first alignment layer positioned on the first electrode and a second alignment layer positioned on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a liquid crystal molecule. At least one of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer includes a copolymer of cyclobutanedianhydride (CBDA), a diamine, and a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2. In which X of Chemical Formula 2 represents —(CH2)m-O—(CH2)n—, and a sum of m and n is an odd number.

Abstract: A photo alignment including a copolymer of a diamine and a dianhydride, wherein the copolymer includes a repeating unit including a first group derived from the diamine and a second group derived from the dianhydride, and wherein any one of the first group and the second group includes a photoreactive group and the other one of the first group and the second group includes at least one selected from a tert-butyl group, a tert-butoxy group, a tert-butyloxycarbonyl group, and a di-tert-butyloxycarbonyl group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first alignment layer, a second alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The first alignment layer and the second alignment layer each include a polyimide compound polymerized by cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride derivative.

Abstract: A liquid crystal photo-alignment agent includes a polyimide copolymer including a first structure unit represented by the described Chemical Formula 1 and a second structure unit represented by the described Chemical Formula 2, and, based on a 100 mole % sum total of the first structure unit and the second structure unit, the first structure unit is included in an amount of 70 to 95 mole % and the second structure unit is included in an amount of 5 to 30 mole %. A liquid crystal photo-alignment film may be manufactured using the same, and a liquid crystal display may include the liquid crystal photo-alignment film.

Abstract: An alignment layer composition including a copolymer of a dianhydride compound and a diamine compound, wherein the copolymer includes a repeating unit represented by Formula 1: wherein each of Ar1 and Ar2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group comprising 6 to 30 carbon atoms, X is an electron donating group, and is an ester group, wherein “*” indicates a point of attachment to the aromatic groups Ar1 and Ar2.

Abstract: An alignment layer composition including a copolymer of a dianhydride compound and a diamine compound, the copolymer including a repeating unit represented by chemical formula (1); and a repeating unit represented by chemical formula (2): wherein R1 is a tetravalent organic group derived from an alicyclic dianhydride or an aromatic dianhydride, and wherein R1 includes a phenyl ester group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate, a first electrode connected to the thin film transistor, and a first alignment layer disposed on the first electrode, wherein the first alignment layer includes polyimide and a capping group connected to a main chain end of the polyimide, and the capping group contains at least one of a first compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a second compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2: A1 and A2 are, independently of each other, an aromatic compound having 4 to 20 carbon atoms or an aliphatic cyclic compound having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and B1 and B2 are, independently of each other, a crosslinking reaction group containing an alkylene group (—CnH2n—, n is a natural number).

Abstract: An alignment film composition includes a copolymer of a dianhydride-based compound and a diamine-based compound, and a cross-linker.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided that includes: a substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate; a protection layer disposed on the thin film transistor; a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the protection layer; an alignment layer disposed on the second electrode; and a roof layer facing the second electrode, wherein a plurality of microcavities are formed between the second electrode and the roof layer, the microcavities include a liquid crystal material, and the alignment layer includes a photo-alignment material.

Abstract: A photoalignment agent includes a polyimide and a capping terminal connected to a main chain end terminal of the polyimide. The capping terminal includes an alkylene group (—CmH2m—, m is a natural number) and a core stereo unit in a dendrimer format. A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate, a first electrode connected to the thin film transistor, and a first alignment layer disposed on the first electrode. The first alignment layer includes a polyimide and a capping terminal connected to a main chain end terminal of the polyimide. The capping terminal includes an alkylene group (—CmH2m-, m is a natural number) and a core stereo unit in a dendrimer format.